Dataset Information

Dietary quality and 6-year anthropometric changes in a sample of French middle-aged overweight and obese adults.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Understanding the role of dietary quality in the progression of adiposity in populations already affected by overweight or obesity is crucial for the guidance of secondary prevention strategies.

Objective

To examine the association of diet quality, as reflected by the French Nutrition and Health Programme (Programme National Nutrition Santé, PNNS)-Guideline Score (GS), with 6-year-changes in weight and waist circumference.

Design and methods

Subjects were 1029 male and 450 female participants of the SUplémentation en VItamines et Minéraux AntioXydants (SU.VI.MAX) cohort (1994-2002) with anthropometric variables at baseline and follow-up and available data for estimating diet quality at baseline. We employed analysis of variance and covariance models to investigate anthropometric changes (% of the initial value) by categories of the PNNS-GS, which contains both dietary components and a physical activity component, and of a modified score (mPNNS-GS) containing dietary components only.

Results

In men, a low (<6 points) PNNS-GS was associated with greater 6-year weight gain (adjusted mean: 3.63% [95% confidence interval: 2.87%; 4.39%]) as compared to a high (?9 points) PNNS-GS (2.10% [1.39%; 2.81%]); p?=?0.01. Results for the mPNNS-GS were very similar. In women, no associations between diet scores and weight change were observed. No significant relation between dietary quality and change in waist circumference was present among either men or women.

Conclusions

These results support a beneficial role of high dietary quality--as characterized by good adherence to official French nutritional guidelines--in secondary obesity prevention, among men.

SUBMITTER: Assmann KE

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3916323 | biostudies-literature | 2014

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Dietary quality and 6-year anthropometric changes in a sample of French middle-aged overweight and obese adults.

Assmann Karen E KE Lassale Camille C Galan Pilar P Hercberg Serge S Kesse-Guyot Emmanuelle E

PloS one 20140206 2

<h4>Background</h4>Understanding the role of dietary quality in the progression of adiposity in populations already affected by overweight or obesity is crucial for the guidance of secondary prevention strategies.<h4>Objective</h4>To examine the association of diet quality, as reflected by the French Nutrition and Health Programme (Programme National Nutrition Santé, PNNS)-Guideline Score (GS), with 6-year-changes in weight and waist circumference.<h4>Design and methods</h4>Subjects were 1029 ma ...[more]

PMID: 24516542

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Project description:ObjectiveAs overall spread of obesity in populations is generally acknowledged to result from unhealthy lifestyles rather than individual genetic makeup, this study aimed to gain specific insights into its determinants through assessing the prevalent associations between individual socioeconomic status (SES) and weight loss in overweight and obese men and women.MethodsA prospective, 2-year follow-up study covered 3362 (38.0% men) respondents, aged 43-64 years, body mass index ≥25 kg/m2. Changes in body weight were estimated as a percentage of initial weight. Three categories of changes were defined: gained ≥3%, stable (gained <3% or lost <3%), lost ≥3%. Body weight loss was determined against three categories: lost ≥3 to <5%, lost ≥5 to <10%, lost ≥10%. Select SES variables (ie, gender, age, education, marital status, occupational activity and income) were determined in line with the Health Status Questionnaire. The associations between SES and body weight changes were analysed with the aid of logistic regression models. The results were presented as ORs with 95% CIs.ResultsOnly 18% of the respondents had complied with the medical recommendations on weight loss. Significant differences were encountered between the gender, age and occupational activity variables and the weight loss one. Multifactorial models were used to determine the following gender-specific associations between SES and weight loss. Men with moderate income had significantly higher odds for weight loss (≈75%), as compared with the higher earners, whereas women with low income, occupationally inactive, had significantly higher odds (≈30% and ≈50%, respectively), as compared with the high earners and occupationally active ones.ConclusionsLower education, male gender, lower income per household, older age and unemployment status were the established factors predisposing to obesity. While aiming to ensure effectiveness of the measures specifically aimed at preventing obesity, population groups deemed most at risk of potential weight gain must prior be identified.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Chronic inflammation is one of the mechanisms involved in carcinogenesis. Diet is a major source of pro- and anti-inflammatory compounds. The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) was designed to estimate its overall inflammatory potential. OBJECTIVE:Our objective was to investigate the associations between the DII and overall, breast, and prostate cancer risks. METHODS:This prospective study included 6542 participants [3771 women and 2771 men with a mean ± SD age of 49.2 ± 6.4 y and a BMI (in kg/m2) of 24.0 ± 3.6 at baseline] from the Supplémentation en VItamines et Minéraux AntioXydants (SU.VI.MAX) cohort who completed at least six 24-h dietary records during the first 2 y of follow-up. The DII was based on 36 food variables. Higher scores corresponded to more proinflammatory diets. A total of 559 incident cancers were diagnosed (median follow-up, 12.6 y), including 158 female breast and 123 prostate cancers (the 2 main cancer sites in this cohort). Associations were characterized by multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. Stratified analyses were performed according to the median of usual daily alcohol intake. RESULTS:Sex-specific quartiles of the DII were positively associated with prostate cancer risk [quartile (Q) 4 compared with Q1, HR: 2.08; 95% CI: 1.06, 4.09] but not with overall or breast cancer risks. There was an interaction between the DII and alcohol intake (grams per day) on overall cancer risk (P-interaction = 0.02): the DII was positively associated with overall cancer risk in low-to-moderate alcohol drinkers (Q4 compared with Q1 HR: 1.75; 95% CI: 1.15, 2.68; P-trend = 0.02), whereas no association was detected in higher consumers of alcohol (P-trend = 0.8). This interaction was also observed for breast cancer (P-interaction = 0.001). CONCLUSION:Consistent with mechanistic data, findings from this study indicated that proinflammatory diets are associated with increased prostate cancer risk and, in low-to-moderate alcohol drinkers, with increased overall and breast cancer risk. The SU.VI.MAX trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00272428.

Dataset Information

Dietary quality and 6-year anthropometric changes in a sample of French middle-aged overweight and obese adults.

Background

Objective

Design and methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Dietary quality and 6-year anthropometric changes in a sample of French middle-aged overweight and obese adults.

Similar Datasets

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