Dataset Information

Facilitation of memory encoding in primate hippocampus by a neuroprosthesis that promotes task-specific neural firing.

ABSTRACT: Memory accuracy is a major problem in human disease and is the primary factor that defines Alzheimer's, ageing and dementia resulting from impaired hippocampal function in the medial temporal lobe. Development of a hippocampal memory neuroprosthesis that facilitates normal memory encoding in nonhuman primates (NHPs) could provide the basis for improving memory in human disease states.NHPs trained to perform a short-term delayed match-to-sample (DMS) memory task were examined with multi-neuron recordings from synaptically connected hippocampal cell fields, CA1 and CA3. Recordings were analyzed utilizing a previously developed nonlinear multi-input multi-output (MIMO) neuroprosthetic model, capable of extracting CA3-to-CA1 spatiotemporal firing patterns during DMS performance.The MIMO model verified that specific CA3-to-CA1 firing patterns were critical for the successful encoding of sample phase information on more difficult DMS trials. This was validated by the delivery of successful MIMO-derived encoding patterns via electrical stimulation to the same CA1 recording locations during the sample phase which facilitated task performance in the subsequent, delayed match phase, on difficult trials that required more precise encoding of sample information.These findings provide the first successful application of a neuroprosthesis designed to enhance and/or repair memory encoding in primate brain.

SUBMITTER: Hampson RE

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3919468 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Facilitation of memory encoding in primate hippocampus by a neuroprosthesis that promotes task-specific neural firing.

Hampson Robert E RE Song Dong D Opris Ioan I Santos Lucas M LM Shin Dae C DC Gerhardt Greg A GA Marmarelis Vasilis Z VZ Berger Theodore W TW Deadwyler Sam A SA

Journal of neural engineering 20131112 6

<h4>Objective</h4>Memory accuracy is a major problem in human disease and is the primary factor that defines Alzheimer's, ageing and dementia resulting from impaired hippocampal function in the medial temporal lobe. Development of a hippocampal memory neuroprosthesis that facilitates normal memory encoding in nonhuman primates (NHPs) could provide the basis for improving memory in human disease states.<h4>Approach</h4>NHPs trained to perform a short-term delayed match-to-sample (DMS) memory task ...[more]

PMID: 24216292

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Project description:Behaviorally-relevant sounds such as conspecific vocalizations are often available for only a brief amount of time; thus, goal-directed behavior frequently depends on auditory short-term memory (STM). Despite its ecological significance, the neural processes underlying auditory STM remain poorly understood. To investigate the role of the auditory cortex in STM, single- and multi-unit activity was recorded from the primary auditory cortex (A1) of two monkeys performing an auditory STM task using simple and complex sounds. Each trial consisted of a sample and test stimulus separated by a 5-s retention interval. A brief wait period followed the test stimulus, after which subjects pressed a button if the sounds were identical (match trials) or withheld button presses if they were different (non-match trials). A number of units exhibited significant changes in firing rate for portions of the retention interval, although these changes were rarely sustained. Instead, they were most frequently observed during the early and late portions of the retention interval, with inhibition being observed more frequently than excitation. At the population level, responses elicited on match trials were briefly suppressed early in the sound period relative to non-match trials. However, during the latter portion of the sound, firing rates increased significantly for match trials and remained elevated throughout the wait period. Related patterns of activity were observed in prior experiments from our lab in the dorsal temporal pole (dTP) and prefrontal cortex (PFC) of the same animals. The data suggest that early match suppression occurs in both A1 and the dTP, whereas later match enhancement occurs first in the PFC, followed by A1 and later in dTP. Because match enhancement occurs first in the PFC, we speculate that enhancement observed in A1 and dTP may reflect top-down feedback. Overall, our findings suggest that A1 forms part of the larger neural system recruited during auditory STM.

Dataset Information

Facilitation of memory encoding in primate hippocampus by a neuroprosthesis that promotes task-specific neural firing.

Publications

Facilitation of memory encoding in primate hippocampus by a neuroprosthesis that promotes task-specific neural firing.

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