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Sequencing and analyses of all known human rhinovirus genomes reveal structure and evolution.


ABSTRACT: Infection by human rhinovirus (HRV) is a major cause of upper and lower respiratory tract disease worldwide and displays considerable phenotypic variation. We examined diversity by completing the genome sequences for all known serotypes (n = 99). Superimposition of capsid crystal structure and optimal-energy RNA configurations established alignments and phylogeny. These revealed conserved motifs; clade-specific diversity, including a potential newly identified species (HRV-D); mutations in field isolates; and recombination. In analogy with poliovirus, a hypervariable 5' untranslated region tract may affect virulence. A configuration consistent with nonscanning internal ribosome entry was found in all HRVs and may account for rapid translation. The data density from complete sequences of the reference HRVs provided high resolution for this degree of modeling and serves as a platform for full genome-based epidemiologic studies and antiviral or vaccine development.

SUBMITTER: Palmenberg AC 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3923423 | biostudies-literature | 2009 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Sequencing and analyses of all known human rhinovirus genomes reveal structure and evolution.

Palmenberg Ann C AC   Spiro David D   Kuzmickas Ryan R   Wang Shiliang S   Djikeng Appolinaire A   Rathe Jennifer A JA   Fraser-Liggett Claire M CM   Liggett Stephen B SB  

Science (New York, N.Y.) 20090212 5923


Infection by human rhinovirus (HRV) is a major cause of upper and lower respiratory tract disease worldwide and displays considerable phenotypic variation. We examined diversity by completing the genome sequences for all known serotypes (n = 99). Superimposition of capsid crystal structure and optimal-energy RNA configurations established alignments and phylogeny. These revealed conserved motifs; clade-specific diversity, including a potential newly identified species (HRV-D); mutations in field  ...[more]

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