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Exercise adherence, cardiopulmonary fitness and anthropometric changes improve exercise self-efficacy and health-related quality of life.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Regular exercise increases exercise self-efficacy and health-related quality of life (HRQOL); however, the mechanisms are unknown. We examined the associations of exercise adherence and physiological improvements with changes in exercise self-efficacy and HRQOL. METHODS:Middle-aged adults (N = 202) were randomized to 12 months aerobic exercise (360 minutes/week) or control. Weight, waist circumference, percent body fat, cardiopulmonary fitness, HRQOL (SF-36), and exercise self-efficacy were assessed at baseline and 12 months. Adherence was measured in minutes/day from activity logs. RESULTS:Exercise adherence was associated with reduced bodily pain, improved general health and vitality, and reduced role-emotional scores (P(trend) ? 0.05). Increased fitness was associated with improved physical functioning, bodily pain and general health scores (P(trend) ? 0.04). Reduced weight and percent body fat were associated with improved physical functioning, general health, and bodily pain scores (P(trend) < 0.05). Decreased waist circumference was associated with improved bodily pain and general health but with reduced role-emotional scores (P(trend) ? 0.05). High exercise adherence, increased cardiopulmonary fitness and reduced weight, waist circumference and percent body fat were associated with increased exercise self-efficacy (P(trend) < 0.02). CONCLUSIONS:Monitoring adherence and tailoring exercise programs to induce changes in cardiopulmonary fitness and body composition may lead to greater improvements in HRQOL and self-efficacy that could promote exercise maintenance.

SUBMITTER: Imayama I

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3923574 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Exercise adherence, cardiopulmonary fitness and anthropometric changes improve exercise self-efficacy and health-related quality of life.

Imayama Ikuyo I Alfano Catherine M CM Mason Caitlin E CE Wang Chiachi C Xiao Liren L Duggan Catherine C Campbell Kristin L KL Foster-Schubert Karen E KE Wang Ching-Yun CY McTiernan Anne A

Journal of physical activity & health 20121004 5

<h4>Background</h4>Regular exercise increases exercise self-efficacy and health-related quality of life (HRQOL); however, the mechanisms are unknown. We examined the associations of exercise adherence and physiological improvements with changes in exercise self-efficacy and HRQOL.<h4>Methods</h4>Middle-aged adults (N = 202) were randomized to 12 months aerobic exercise (360 minutes/week) or control. Weight, waist circumference, percent body fat, cardiopulmonary fitness, HRQOL (SF-36), and exerci ...[more]

PMID: 23036856

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Project description:Objective: Physical exercise is recommended to help prevent lifestyle diseases. The present study was designed to quantify the efficacy of physical exercise on the quality of life (QoL), exercise ability and cardiopulmonary fitness of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Method: A comprehensive systematic literature search was performed in Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and PubMed databases (from 1970 to December 1st, 2019) for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing physical exercise combined with AF routine treatments to routine treatments alone. The meta-analysis was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Our main outcomes were QoL (measured by the Short-Form 36 scale, SF-36), exercise ability (measured by the 6-min walk test, 6MWT) and cardiopulmonary fitness (measured by peak oxygen uptake and resting heart rate). Quality assessments were conducted using the Cochrane Collaboration tool. Results: Twelve trials involving 819 patients met the criteria for analysis. The results showed that physical exercise improved the QoL by enhancing physical functioning [standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.63, 95%CI: 0.18-1.09; p = 0.006], general health perceptions (SMD = 0.64, 95%CI: 0.35-0.93; p < 0.001) and vitality (SMD = 0.51, 95%CI: 0.31-0.71; p < 0.001); increased exercise ability by improving the 6MWT performance (SMD = 0.69, 95%CI: 0.19-1.119; p = 0.007); and enhanced peak VO2 (SMD = 0.37, 95%CI: 0.16-0.57; p < 0.001) while reducing resting heart rate (SMD = -0.39, 95%CI: -0.65 to -0.13; p = 0.004). In addition, meta-regression analysis showed that training mode (p physicalfunctioning = 0.012, p generalhealthperceptions = 0.035) and training duration (p = 0.047) were the main factors of an intervention that influenced the effect size. Following sub-group analysis, we found that aerobics, Yoga and longer training durations (≥60 min) showed larger improvements. Conclusion: In summary, our meta-analysis shows that physical exercise has a positive effect on the QoL, exercise ability and cardiopulmonary fitness in AF patients. When physicians offer exercise recommendations to AF patients, they should consider both the training mode and training duration to achieve maximum results.

Project description:Cognitive variables such as knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy affect asthma patients' abilities to be effective self-managers.The objective of this cross-sectional analysis was to determine what patient and clinical factors were associated with these cognitive variables and to assess the contributions of these cognitive variables to clinical status.Primary care asthma patients were interviewed using the three domains of the Knowledge, Attitude, and Self-Efficacy Asthma Questionnaire (KASE), as well as established scales to measure social support, depressive symptoms, and ratings of asthma care. Clinical asthma status was measured with the Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ).In total, 180 patients were enrolled, with a mean age of 43 years and 84% were women. Knowledge was low, with only 50% of patients answering half or more questions correctly (mean score = 52, possible range 0-100, higher is more knowledge). Attitude toward asthma was generally positive (mean score = 82, possible range 20-100, higher is more positive attitude) and self-efficacy was moderate (mean score = 76, possible range 20-100, higher is more self-efficacy). In separate multivariate analyses, younger age and higher education level were associated with more knowledge (p ? .005); more social support, fewer depressive symptoms, and more favorable prior results of asthma care were associated with more positive attitude (p ? .05); and favorable prior results, more satisfaction with asthma status, not having stress-related triggers, and not having had a recent emergency department visit for asthma were associated with more self-efficacy (p ? .07 for all variables). In additional multivariate analyses, more knowledge (p = .0005), more positive attitude (p = .02), and more self-efficacy (p = .01) were associated with better AQLQ scores.Different patient and clinical characteristics were associated with cognitive variables pertinent to self-management. These variables, in turn, were independently associated with asthma status. Thus, although fostering improvement in all three variables would be desirable, interventions that improve any of these variables potentially could be beneficial.

Dataset Information

Exercise adherence, cardiopulmonary fitness and anthropometric changes improve exercise self-efficacy and health-related quality of life.

Publications

Exercise adherence, cardiopulmonary fitness and anthropometric changes improve exercise self-efficacy and health-related quality of life.

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