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Genome characterization of Long Island tick rhabdovirus, a new virus identified in Amblyomma americanum ticks.

ABSTRACT: Ticks are implicated as hosts to a wide range of animal and human pathogens. The full range of microbes harbored by ticks has not yet been fully explored.As part of a viral surveillance and discovery project in arthropods, we used unbiased high-throughput sequencing to examine viromes of ticks collected on Long Island, New York in 2013.We detected and sequenced the complete genome of a novel rhabdovirus originating from a pool of Amblyomma americanum ticks. This virus, which we provisionally name Long Island tick rhabdovirus, is distantly related to Moussa virus from Africa.The Long Island tick rhabdovirus may represent a novel species within family Rhabdoviridae.

SUBMITTER: Tokarz R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3928085 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Genome characterization of Long Island tick rhabdovirus, a new virus identified in Amblyomma americanum ticks.

Tokarz Rafal R Sameroff Stephen S Leon Maria Sanchez MS Jain Komal K Lipkin W Ian WI

Virology journal 20140211

<h4>Background</h4>Ticks are implicated as hosts to a wide range of animal and human pathogens. The full range of microbes harbored by ticks has not yet been fully explored.<h4>Methods</h4>As part of a viral surveillance and discovery project in arthropods, we used unbiased high-throughput sequencing to examine viromes of ticks collected on Long Island, New York in 2013.<h4>Results</h4>We detected and sequenced the complete genome of a novel rhabdovirus originating from a pool of Amblyomma ameri ...[more]

PMID: 24517260

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Project description:Cytauxzoon felis is a tick-borne hemoprotozoan parasite that causes life-threatening disease in domestic cats in the United States. Currently, the platforms for C. felis research are limited to natural or experimental infection of domestic cats. This study aims to develop an alternative model by infecting Amblyomma americanum ticks with C. felis via direct injection. Amblyomma americanum adults were injected with C. felis-infected feline erythrocytes through two routes: directly into the digestive tract through the anal pore (IA injection), or percutaneously into the tick hemocoel (IH injection). RNAscope® in situ hybridization (ISH) was used to visualize the parasites within the ticks at different time points after injection. Four months after injection, ticks were divided into 3 infestation groups based on injection methods and inoculum type and fed on 3 naïve cats to assess the ticks' ability to transmit C. felis. Prior to the transmission challenge, selected ticks from each infestation group were tested for C. felis RNA via reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR). In both IA- and IH-injected ticks, ISH signals were observed in ticks up to 3 weeks after injection. The number of hybridization signals notably decreased over time, and no signals were detected by 4 months after injection. Prior to the transmission challenge, 37-57% of the sampled ticks were positive for C. felis RNA via RT-PCR. While the majority of injected ticks successfully attached and fed to repletion on all 3 cats during the transmission challenge, none of the cats became infected with C. felis. These results suggest that injected C. felis remained alive in ticks but was unable to progress to infective sporozoites after injection. It is unclear why this infection technique had been successful for other closely related tick-borne hemoprotozoa and not for C. felis. This outcome may be associated with uncharacterized differences in the C. felis life cycle, the lack of the feeding or molting in our model or absence of gametocytes in the inoculum. Nonetheless, our study demonstrated the potential of using ticks as an alternative model to study C. felis. Future improvement of a tick model for C. felis should consider other tick species for the injection model or utilize infection methods that more closely emulate the natural infection process.

Dataset Information

Genome characterization of Long Island tick rhabdovirus, a new virus identified in Amblyomma americanum ticks.

Publications

Genome characterization of Long Island tick rhabdovirus, a new virus identified in Amblyomma americanum ticks.

Similar Datasets

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