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Omega-3 PUFA supplementation and the response to evoked endotoxemia in healthy volunteers.


ABSTRACT: Fish oil-derived n-3 PUFA may improve cardiometabolic health through modulation of innate immunity. However, findings in clinical studies are conflicting. We hypothesized that n-3 PUFA supplementation would dose-dependently reduce the systemic inflammatory response to experimental endotoxemia in healthy humans.The Fenofibrate and omega-3 Fatty Acid Modulation of Endotoxemia (FFAME) study was an 8-wk randomized double-blind trial of placebo or n-3 PUFA supplementation (Lovaza 465 mg eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) + 375 mg docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)) at "low" (1/day, 900 mg) or "high" (4/day, 3600 mg) dose in healthy individuals (N = 60; age 18-45; BMI 18-30; 43% female; 65% European-, 20% African-, 15% Asian-ancestry) before a low-dose endotoxin challenge (LPS 0.6 ng/kg intravenous bolus). The endotoxemia-induced temperature increase was significantly reduced with high-dose (p = 0.03) but not low-dose EPA + DHA compared to placebo. Although there was no statistically significant impact of EPA + DHA on individual inflammatory responses (tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?), IL-6, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP-1), IL-1 receptor agonist (IL-1RA), IL-10, C-reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid A (SAA)), there was a pattern of lower responses across all biomarkers with high-dose (nine of nine observed), but not low-dose EPA + DHA.EPA + DHA at 3600 mg/day, but not 900 mg/day, reduced fever and had a pattern of attenuated LPS induction of plasma inflammatory markers during endotoxemia. Clinically and nutritionally relevant long-chain n-3 PUFA regimens may have specific, dose-dependent, anti-inflammatory actions.

SUBMITTER: Ferguson JF 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3947472 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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<h4>Scope</h4>Fish oil-derived n-3 PUFA may improve cardiometabolic health through modulation of innate immunity. However, findings in clinical studies are conflicting. We hypothesized that n-3 PUFA supplementation would dose-dependently reduce the systemic inflammatory response to experimental endotoxemia in healthy humans.<h4>Methods and results</h4>The Fenofibrate and omega-3 Fatty Acid Modulation of Endotoxemia (FFAME) study was an 8-wk randomized double-blind trial of placebo or n-3 PUFA su  ...[more]

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