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Production, fate and pathogenicity of plasma microparticles in murine cerebral malaria.

ABSTRACT: In patients with cerebral malaria (CM), higher levels of cell-specific microparticles (MP) correlate with the presence of neurological symptoms. MP are submicron plasma membrane-derived vesicles that express antigens of their cell of origin and phosphatidylserine (PS) on their surface, facilitating their role in coagulation, inflammation and cell adhesion. In this study, the in vivo production, fate and pathogenicity of cell-specific MP during Plasmodium berghei infection of mice were evaluated. Using annexin V, a PS ligand, and flow cytometry, analysis of platelet-free plasma from infected mice with cerebral involvement showed a peak of MP levels at the time of the neurological onset. Phenotypic analyses showed that MP from infected mice were predominantly of platelet, endothelial and erythrocytic origins. To determine the in vivo fate of MP, we adoptively transferred fluorescently labelled MP from mice with CM into healthy or infected recipient mice. MP were quickly cleared following intravenous injection, but microscopic examination revealed arrested MP lining the endothelium of brain vessels of infected, but not healthy, recipient mice. To determine the pathogenicity of MP, we transferred MP from activated endothelial cells into healthy recipient mice and this induced CM-like brain and lung pathology. This study supports a pathogenic role for MP in the aggravation of the neurological lesion and suggests a causal relationship between MP and the development of CM.

SUBMITTER: El-Assaad F

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3961352 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Production, fate and pathogenicity of plasma microparticles in murine cerebral malaria.

El-Assaad Fatima F Wheway Julie J Hunt Nicholas H NH Grau Georges E R GE Combes Valery V

PLoS pathogens 20140320 3

In patients with cerebral malaria (CM), higher levels of cell-specific microparticles (MP) correlate with the presence of neurological symptoms. MP are submicron plasma membrane-derived vesicles that express antigens of their cell of origin and phosphatidylserine (PS) on their surface, facilitating their role in coagulation, inflammation and cell adhesion. In this study, the in vivo production, fate and pathogenicity of cell-specific MP during Plasmodium berghei infection of mice were evaluated. ...[more]

PMID: 24651155

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Project description:Cerebral malaria (CM) is a severe complication of a Plasmodium falciparum infection and is still responsible for a high number of deaths and long term disabilities in children in sub-Saharan Africa. The pathogenesis of this syndrome remains incompletely understood but a number of mechanisms and effectors have been proposed, including plasma microparticles (MP). These submicron vesicles released by potentially all cells carry proteins and nucleic acids derived from the mother cell. In CM, their numbers are increased in patients’ circulation and, in the mouse model, they can be localised within inflamed vessels, suggesting their involvement in vascular damage. In the present work we define, for the first time, the protein cargo of MP during experimental cerebral malaria (ECM) with the overarching hypothesis that characterising this content could help in better understand CM pathogenesis. Using qualitative and quantitative high-throughput proteomics we compared MP proteins from non-infected mice and mice infected with P. berghei ANKA at two different stages of infection, i.e., pre-clinical phase and full blown syndrome. Overall, we identified 368 proteins, 60 of which were differentially expressed, as determined by quantitative comparison using the TMT® isobaric labelling. The analysis with Ingenuity® IPA highlighted important networks significantly represented among the proteins over-expressed (n=42) or identified only (n=21) in ECM, comprising mechanisms already proposed to be involved in CM, such as endothelial activation. Two proteins of interest, carbonic anhydrase I (CA-I) and S100A8, were verified by western blot on newly collected MP samples from DBA/1 (n=16) and C57BL/6 (n=8) mice, and confirmed to be associated with ECM MP. These results demonstrate that MP protein cargo represents a novel ECM pathogenic trait to consider in the understanding of CM pathogenesis. The identification of the cellular source of MP containing proteins associated to the disease state will contribute to further understanding their involvement in CM.

Dataset Information

Production, fate and pathogenicity of plasma microparticles in murine cerebral malaria.

Publications

Production, fate and pathogenicity of plasma microparticles in murine cerebral malaria.

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