Dataset Information

A preliminary study of the influence of age of onset and childhood trauma on cortical thickness in major depressive disorder.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Major depressive disorder (MDD) neural underpinnings may differ based on onset age and childhood trauma. We assessed cortical thickness in patients who differed in age of MDD onset and examined trauma history influence.

Methods

Adults with MDD (N=36) and controls (HC; N=18) underwent magnetic resonance imaging. Twenty patients had MDD onset<24 years of age (pediatric onset) and 16 had onset>25 years of age (adult onset). The MDD group was also subdivided into those with (N=12) and without (N=19) physical and/or sexual abuse as assessed by the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Cortical thickness was analyzed with FreeSurfer software.

Results

Thicker frontal pole and a tendency for thinner transverse temporal cortices existed in MDD. The former was driven by the pediatric onset group and abuse history (independently), particularly in the right frontal pole. Inverse correlations existed between CTQ scores and frontal pole cortex thickness. A similar inverse relation existed with left inferior and right superior parietal cortex thickness. The superior temporal cortex tended to be thinner in pediatric versus adult onset groups with childhood abuse.

Conclusions

This preliminary work suggests neural differences between pediatric and adult MDD onset. Trauma history also contributes to cytoarchitectural modulation. Thickened frontal pole cortices as a compensatory mechanism in MDD warrant evaluation.

SUBMITTER: Jaworska N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3966405 | biostudies-literature | 2014

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

A preliminary study of the influence of age of onset and childhood trauma on cortical thickness in major depressive disorder.

Jaworska Natalia N MacMaster Frank P FP Gaxiola Ismael I Cortese Filomeno F Goodyear Bradley B Ramasubbu Rajamannar R

BioMed research international 20140306

<h4>Background</h4>Major depressive disorder (MDD) neural underpinnings may differ based on onset age and childhood trauma. We assessed cortical thickness in patients who differed in age of MDD onset and examined trauma history influence.<h4>Methods</h4>Adults with MDD (N=36) and controls (HC; N=18) underwent magnetic resonance imaging. Twenty patients had MDD onset<24 years of age (pediatric onset) and 16 had onset>25 years of age (adult onset). The MDD group was also subdivided into those with ...[more]

PMID: 24734233

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Project description:Cortical abnormalities have been noted in previous studies of major depressive disorder (MDD).To hypothesize differences in regional cortical thickness among children with MDD, children with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and healthy controls.Cross-sectional study of groups.Children's Hospital of Michigan in Detroit.A total of 24 psychotropic drug-naive pediatric patients with MDD (9 boys and 15 girls), 24 psychotropic drug-naive pediatric outpatients with OCD (8 boys and 16 girls), and 30 healthy controls (10 boys and 20 girls).Magnetic resonance imaging.Cortical thickness.In the right hemisphere of the brain, the pericalcarine gyrus was thinner in patients with MDD than in outpatients with OCD (P = .002) or healthy controls (P = .04), the postcentral gyrus was thinner in patients with MDD than in outpatients with OCD (P = .002) or healthy controls (P = .02), and the superior parietal gyrus was thinner in patients with MDD than in outpatients with OCD (P = .008) or healthy controls (P = .03). The outpatients with OCD and the healthy controls did not differ in these regions of the brain. The temporal pole was thicker in patients with MDD than in outpatients with OCD (P < .001) or healthy controls (P = .01), both of which groups did not differ in temporal pole thickness. The cuneus was thinner in patients with MDD than in outpatients with OCD (P = .008), but it did not differ from that in healthy controls. In the left hemisphere, the supramarginal gyrus was thinner in both patients with MDD (P = .04) and outpatients with OCD (P = .01) than in healthy controls, and the temporal pole was thicker in patients with MDD than in both healthy controls and outpatients with OCD (P < .001).To our knowledge, this is the first study to explore cortical thickness in pediatric patients with MDD. Although differences in some regions of the brain would be expected given neurobiological models of MDD, our study highlights some unexpected regions (ie, supramarginal and superior parietal gyri) that merit further investigation. These results underscore the need to expand exploration beyond the frontal-limbic circuit.

Project description:Background: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is highly prevalent in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE), especially in women, carrying significant morbidity. This study aimed to investigate the cortical thickness (CT) abnormalities associated with MDD in women with MTLE and hippocampal atrophy (HA). Also, we investigated the impact of MDD upon the volumes of the hippocampus and amygdala in these patients. Methods: We included 50 women with MTLE and HA (20 left, LMTLE; 30 right, RMTLE), 41 healthy women in the control group, and 15 women with MDD without epilepsy. MTLE patients were subdivided into three groups: MTLE-without-MDD (23 MTLE patients without MDD), MTLE-mild-MDD (nine MTLE patients with mild symptoms of MDD), and MTLE-severe-MDD (18 MTLE patients with moderate to severe symptoms of MDD). The five groups were balanced for age (p = 0.56). All participants had high-resolution 3D T1-weighted images in a 3T scanner. We used FreeSurfer 6.0 for volumetry and CT parcellation. All participants were submitted to a clinical psychological evaluation through the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-IV) and completed the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II). Results: We identified a smaller ipsilateral amygdala volume (p = 0.04) in the MTLE-severe-MDD group when compared to the control group. Our results presented a reduced ipsilateral lateral orbitofrontal cortex (p = 0.02) in the MTLE-severe-MDD in comparison to the MTLE-mild-MDD group. We also identified a thinner ipsilateral fusiform gyrus (p < 0.01) in the MTLE-severe-MDD compared to both MTLE-without-MDD and control groups. A reduced CT of the contralateral superior frontal gyrus (p = 0.02) was observed in the MTLE-severe-MDD in comparison to the MTLE-mild-MDD group. Conclusions: The identification of areas with reduced CT and atrophy of the ipsilateral amygdala in women with MTLE and MDD suggest that the cortical thinning in the network of the paralimbic system is related to the co-occurrence and intensity of depressive symptoms in this group.

Dataset Information

A preliminary study of the influence of age of onset and childhood trauma on cortical thickness in major depressive disorder.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

A preliminary study of the influence of age of onset and childhood trauma on cortical thickness in major depressive disorder.

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