Dataset Information

Exercise prevents weight gain and alters the gut microbiota in a mouse model of high fat diet-induced obesity.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Diet-induced obesity (DIO) is a significant health concern which has been linked to structural and functional changes in the gut microbiota. Exercise (Ex) is effective in preventing obesity, but whether Ex alters the gut microbiota during development with high fat (HF) feeding is unknown.

Objective

Determine the effects of voluntary Ex on the gastrointestinal microbiota in LF-fed mice and in HF-DIO.

Methods

Male C57BL/6 littermates (5 weeks) were distributed equally into 4 groups: low fat (LF) sedentary (Sed) LF/Sed, LF/Ex, HF/Sed and HF/Ex. Mice were individually housed and LF/Ex and HF/Ex cages were equipped with a wheel and odometer to record Ex. Fecal samples were collected at baseline, 6 weeks and 12 weeks and used for bacterial DNA isolation. DNA was subjected both to quantitative PCR using primers specific to the 16S rRNA encoding genes for Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes and to sequencing for lower taxonomic identification using the Illumina MiSeq platform. Data were analyzed using a one or two-way ANOVA or Pearson correlation.

Results

HF diet resulted in significantly greater body weight and adiposity as well as decreased glucose tolerance that were prevented by voluntary Ex (p<0.05). Visualization of Unifrac distance data with principal coordinates analysis indicated clustering by both diet and Ex at week 12. Sequencing demonstrated Ex-induced changes in the percentage of major bacterial phyla at 12 weeks. A correlation between total Ex distance and the ?Ct Bacteroidetes: ?Ct Firmicutes ratio from qPCR demonstrated a significant inverse correlation (r2?=?0.35, p?=?0.043).

Conclusion

Ex induces a unique shift in the gut microbiota that is different from dietary effects. Microbiota changes may play a role in Ex prevention of HF-DIO.

SUBMITTER: Evans CC

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3966766 | biostudies-literature | 2014

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Exercise prevents weight gain and alters the gut microbiota in a mouse model of high fat diet-induced obesity.

Evans Christian C CC LePard Kathy J KJ Kwak Jeff W JW Stancukas Mary C MC Laskowski Samantha S Dougherty Joseph J Moulton Laura L Glawe Adam A Wang Yunwei Y Leone Vanessa V Antonopoulos Dionysios A DA Smith Dan D Chang Eugene B EB Ciancio Mae J MJ

PloS one 20140326 3

<h4>Background</h4>Diet-induced obesity (DIO) is a significant health concern which has been linked to structural and functional changes in the gut microbiota. Exercise (Ex) is effective in preventing obesity, but whether Ex alters the gut microbiota during development with high fat (HF) feeding is unknown.<h4>Objective</h4>Determine the effects of voluntary Ex on the gastrointestinal microbiota in LF-fed mice and in HF-DIO.<h4>Methods</h4>Male C57BL/6 littermates (5 weeks) were distributed equa ...[more]

PMID: 24670791

Similar Datasets

Project description:ObjectiveGut microbiota may promote positive energy balance; however, germfree mice can be either resistant or susceptible to diet-induced obesity (DIO) depending on the type of dietary intervention. We here sought to identify the dietary constituents that determine the susceptibility to body fat accretion in germfree (GF) mice.MethodsGF and specific pathogen free (SPF) male C57BL/6N mice were fed high-fat diets either based on lard or palm oil for 4 wks. Mice were metabolically characterized at the end of the feeding trial. FT-ICR-MS and UPLC-TOF-MS were used for cecal as well as hepatic metabolite profiling and cecal bile acids quantification, respectively. Hepatic gene expression was examined by qRT-PCR and cecal gut microbiota of SPF mice was analyzed by high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing.ResultsGF mice, but not SPF mice, were completely DIO resistant when fed a cholesterol-rich lard-based high-fat diet, whereas on a cholesterol-free palm oil-based high-fat diet, DIO was independent of gut microbiota. In GF lard-fed mice, DIO resistance was conveyed by increased energy expenditure, preferential carbohydrate oxidation, and increased fecal fat and energy excretion. Cecal metabolite profiling revealed a shift in bile acid and steroid metabolites in these lean mice, with a significant rise in 17β-estradiol, which is known to stimulate energy expenditure and interfere with bile acid metabolism. Decreased cecal bile acid levels were associated with decreased hepatic expression of genes involved in bile acid synthesis. These metabolic adaptations were largely attenuated in GF mice fed the palm-oil based high-fat diet. We propose that an interaction of gut microbiota and cholesterol metabolism is essential for fat accretion in normal SPF mice fed cholesterol-rich lard as the main dietary fat source. This is supported by a positive correlation between bile acid levels and specific bacteria of the order Clostridiales (phylum Firmicutes) as a characteristic feature of normal SPF mice fed lard.ConclusionsIn conclusion, our study identified dietary cholesterol as a candidate ingredient affecting the crosstalk between gut microbiota and host metabolism.

Dataset Information

Exercise prevents weight gain and alters the gut microbiota in a mouse model of high fat diet-induced obesity.

Background

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Exercise prevents weight gain and alters the gut microbiota in a mouse model of high fat diet-induced obesity.

Similar Datasets

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