Dataset Information

Bacterial profile of dentine caries and the impact of pH on bacterial population diversity.

ABSTRACT: Dental caries is caused by the release of organic acids from fermentative bacteria, which results in the dissolution of hydroxyapatite matrices of enamel and dentine. While low environmental pH is proposed to cause a shift in the consortium of oral bacteria, favouring the development of caries, the impact of this variable has been overlooked in microbial population studies. This study aimed to detail the zonal composition of the microbiota associated with carious dentine lesions with reference to pH. We used 454 sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene (V3-V4 region) to compare microbial communities in layers ranging in pH from 4.5-7.8 from 25 teeth with advanced dentine caries. Pyrosequencing of the amplicons yielded 449,762 sequences. Nine phyla, 97 genera and 409 species were identified from the quality-filtered, de-noised and chimera-free sequences. Among the microbiota associated with dentinal caries, the most abundant taxa included Lactobacillus sp., Prevotella sp., Atopobium sp., Olsenella sp. and Actinomyces sp. We found a disparity between microbial communities localised at acidic versus neutral pH strata. Acidic conditions were associated with low diversity microbial populations, with Lactobacillus species including L. fermentum, L. rhamnosus and L. crispatus, being prominent. In comparison, the distinctive species of a more diverse flora associated with neutral pH regions of carious lesions included Alloprevotella tanerrae, Leptothrix sp., Sphingomonas sp. and Streptococcus anginosus. While certain bacteria were affected by the pH gradient, we also found that ? 60% of the taxa associated with caries were present across the investigated pH range, representing a substantial core. We demonstrated that some bacterial species implicated in caries progression show selective clustering with respect to pH gradient, providing a basis for specific therapeutic strategies.

SUBMITTER: Kianoush N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3968045 | biostudies-literature | 2014

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Bacterial profile of dentine caries and the impact of pH on bacterial population diversity.

Kianoush Nima N Adler Christina J CJ Nguyen Ky-Anh T KA Browne Gina V GV Simonian Mary M Hunter Neil N

PloS one 20140327 3

Dental caries is caused by the release of organic acids from fermentative bacteria, which results in the dissolution of hydroxyapatite matrices of enamel and dentine. While low environmental pH is proposed to cause a shift in the consortium of oral bacteria, favouring the development of caries, the impact of this variable has been overlooked in microbial population studies. This study aimed to detail the zonal composition of the microbiota associated with carious dentine lesions with reference t ...[more]

PMID: 24675997

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Project description:Different regimens of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) have been used to manage early childhood caries. So far, there is limited information regarding the concentrations and frequency of applications for effective caries control in primary teeth. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of 2 commercially available SDF solutions at preprepared concentrations of 38% and 12% when applied annually or biannually over 18 mo in arresting dentine caries in primary teeth. This randomized double-blinded clinical trial recruited kindergarten children aged 3 to 4 y who had at least 1 tooth with dentine caries. The children were randomly allocated to receive 4 treatment protocols: group 1, annual application of 12% SDF; group 2, biannual application of 12% SDF; group 3, annual application of 38% SDF; and group 4, biannual application of 38% SDF. Clinical examinations at 6-mo intervals were conducted to assess whether active carious lesions became arrested. Information on the children's background and oral hygiene habits was collected through a parental questionnaire at baseline and follow-up examinations. A total of 888 children with 4,220 dentine carious tooth surfaces received treatment at baseline. After 18 mo, 831 children (94%) were examined. The caries arrest rates were 50%, 55%, 64%, and 74% for groups 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively (P < 0.001). Lesions treated with SDF biannual application had a higher chance of becoming arrested compared with those receiving SDF annual application (odds ratio, 1.33; 95% confidence interval, 1.04-1.71; P = 0.025). The interaction between concentration and lesion site was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Compared with 12% SDF, the use of 38% SDF increased a chance of becoming arrested (P < 0.05), except lesions on occlusal surfaces. Based on the 18-mo results, SDF is more effective in arresting dentin caries in the primary teeth of preschool children at 38% concentration than 12% concentration and when applied biannually rather than annually. Knowledge Transfer Statement: The results of this study can be used by clinicians and dental public health professionals when deciding which concentrations and frequency of application of silver diamine fluoride solution should be adopted for arresting dentine caries. With consideration of caries arrest treatment with silver diamine fluoride, which is painless, simple, and low cost, this information could lead to more appropriate therapeutic decisions for caries control in young children or those who lack access to affordable conventional dental care.

Dataset Information

Bacterial profile of dentine caries and the impact of pH on bacterial population diversity.

Publications

Bacterial profile of dentine caries and the impact of pH on bacterial population diversity.

Similar Datasets

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