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Viral OTU deubiquitinases: a structural and functional comparison.

ABSTRACT: Recent studies have revealed that proteases encoded by three very diverse RNA virus groups share structural similarity with enzymes of the Ovarian Tumor (OTU) superfamily of deubiquitinases (DUBs). The publication of the latest of these reports in quick succession prevented proper recognition and discussion of the shared features of these viral enzymes. Here we provide a brief structural and functional comparison of these virus-encoded OTU DUBs. Interestingly, although their shared structural features and substrate specificity tentatively place them within the same protease superfamily, they also show interesting differences that trigger speculation as to their origins.

SUBMITTER: Bailey-Elkin BA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3968130 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Viral OTU deubiquitinases: a structural and functional comparison.

Bailey-Elkin Ben A BA van Kasteren Puck B PB Snijder Eric J EJ Kikkert Marjolein M Mark Brian L BL

PLoS pathogens 20140327 3

Recent studies have revealed that proteases encoded by three very diverse RNA virus groups share structural similarity with enzymes of the Ovarian Tumor (OTU) superfamily of deubiquitinases (DUBs). The publication of the latest of these reports in quick succession prevented proper recognition and discussion of the shared features of these viral enzymes. Here we provide a brief structural and functional comparison of these virus-encoded OTU DUBs. Interestingly, although their shared structural fe ...[more]

PMID: 24676359

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Project description:We profiled vsiRNAs using two different high-throughput sequencing platforms and also developed a hybridisation-based array approach. The profiles obtained through the Solexa platform and by hybridisation were very similar to each other but different from the 454 profile. Both deep sequencing techniques revealed a strong bias in vsiRNAs for the positive strand of the virus and identified regions on the viral genome that produced vsiRNA in much higher abundance than other regions. The hybridisation approach also showed that the position of highly abundant vsiRNAs were the same in different plant species and in the absence of RDR6. We used the TerminatorTM 5'-Phosphate-Dependent Exonuclease to study the 5' end of vsiRNAs and showed that a perfect control duplex was not digested by the enzyme without denaturation and that the efficiency of the Terminator was strongly affected by the concentration of the substrate. We found that most vsiRNAs have 5' monophosphates, which was also confirmed by profiling short RNA libraries following either direct ligation of adapters to the 5' end of short RNAs or after replacing any potential 5' ends with monophosphates. The Terminator experiments also showed that vsiRNAs were not perfect duplexes. Using a sensor construct we also found that regions from the viral genome that were not complementary to highly abundant vsiRNAs were targeted in planta just as efficiently as regions recognised by abundant vsiRNAs. Different high-throughput sequencing techniques have different reproducible sequence bias and generate different profiles of short RNAs. The Terminator exonuclease does not process double-stranded RNA and because short RNAs can quickly re-anneal at high concentration, this assay can be misleading if the substrate is not denatured and not analysed in a dilution series. The sequence profiles and Terminator digests suggest that CymRSV siRNAs are produced from the structured positive strand rather than from perfect double-stranded RNA or by RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Size-fractionated (19-24 nt) small RNA from early systemic leaves of CymRSV-infected Nicotiana benthamiana total RNA extracts was ligated to adapters, purified again and reverse transcribed. After PCR amplification, the sample was subjected to 454 high throughput pyrosequencing. Please see www.454.com for details of the sequencing technology.

Dataset Information

Viral OTU deubiquitinases: a structural and functional comparison.

Publications

Viral OTU deubiquitinases: a structural and functional comparison.

Similar Datasets

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