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Phosphoinositide-mediated oligomerization of a defensin induces cell lysis.

ABSTRACT: Cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAPs) such as defensins are ubiquitously found innate immune molecules that often exhibit broad activity against microbial pathogens and mammalian tumor cells. Many CAPs act at the plasma membrane of cells leading to membrane destabilization and permeabilization. In this study, we describe a novel cell lysis mechanism for fungal and tumor cells by the plant defensin NaD1 that acts via direct binding to the plasma membrane phospholipid phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2). We determined the crystal structure of a NaD1:PIP2 complex, revealing a striking oligomeric arrangement comprising seven dimers of NaD1 that cooperatively bind the anionic headgroups of 14 PIP2 molecules through a unique 'cationic grip' configuration. Site-directed mutagenesis of NaD1 confirms that PIP2-mediated oligomerization is important for fungal and tumor cell permeabilization. These observations identify an innate recognition system by NaD1 for direct binding of PIP2 that permeabilizes cells via a novel membrane disrupting mechanism. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.01808.001.

SUBMITTER: Poon IKh

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3968744 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Phosphoinositide-mediated oligomerization of a defensin induces cell lysis.

Poon Ivan Kh IKh Baxter Amy A AA Lay Fung T FT Mills Grant D GD Adda Christopher G CG Payne Jennifer Ae JA Phan Thanh Kha TK Ryan Gemma F GF White Julie A JA Veneer Prem K PK van der Weerden Nicole L NL Anderson Marilyn A MA Kvansakul Marc M Hulett Mark D MD

eLife 20140401

Cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAPs) such as defensins are ubiquitously found innate immune molecules that often exhibit broad activity against microbial pathogens and mammalian tumor cells. Many CAPs act at the plasma membrane of cells leading to membrane destabilization and permeabilization. In this study, we describe a novel cell lysis mechanism for fungal and tumor cells by the plant defensin NaD1 that acts via direct binding to the plasma membrane phospholipid phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bis ...[more]

PMID: 24692446

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Phosphoinositide-mediated oligomerization of a defensin induces cell lysis.

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Phosphoinositide-mediated oligomerization of a defensin induces cell lysis.

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