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FTO genotype, dietary protein, and change in appetite: the Preventing Overweight Using Novel Dietary Strategies trial.

ABSTRACT: A common obesity-risk variant rs9939609 in the fat mass- and obesity-associated (FTO) gene was recently shown to affect appetite, and the gene is sensitive to the regulation of amino acids.We examined the interaction between FTO genotype and protein intake on the long-term changes in appetite in a randomized controlled trial.We genotyped FTO rs9939609 in 737 overweight adults in the 2-y Preventing Overweight Using Novel Dietary Strategies trial and assessed 4 appetite-related traits including cravings, fullness, hunger, and prospective consumption.We showed that dietary protein significantly modified genetic effects on changes in food cravings and appetite scores at 6 mo after adjustment for age, sex, ethnicity, baseline body mass index, weight change, and baseline value for respective outcomes (P-interaction = 0.027 and 0.048, respectively). The A allele was associated with a greater decrease in food cravings and appetite scores in participants with high-protein-diet intake (P = 0.027 and 0.047, respectively) but not in subjects in the low-protein-diet group (P = 0.384 and 0.078, respectively). The weight regain from 6 to 24 mo attenuated gene-protein interactions. Protein intakes did not modify FTO genotype effects on other appetite measures.Our data suggest that individuals with the FTO rs9939609 A allele might obtain more benefits in a reduction of food cravings and appetite by choosing a hypocaloric and higher-protein weight-loss diet. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00072995.

SUBMITTER: Huang T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3985215 | biostudies-literature | 2014 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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FTO genotype, dietary protein, and change in appetite: the Preventing Overweight Using Novel Dietary Strategies trial.

Huang Tao T Qi Qibin Q Li Yanping Y Hu Frank B FB Bray George A GA Sacks Frank M FM Williamson Donald A DA Qi Lu L

The American journal of clinical nutrition 20140312 5

<h4>Background</h4>A common obesity-risk variant rs9939609 in the fat mass- and obesity-associated (FTO) gene was recently shown to affect appetite, and the gene is sensitive to the regulation of amino acids.<h4>Objective</h4>We examined the interaction between FTO genotype and protein intake on the long-term changes in appetite in a randomized controlled trial.<h4>Design</h4>We genotyped FTO rs9939609 in 737 overweight adults in the 2-y Preventing Overweight Using Novel Dietary Strategies trial ...[more]

PMID: 24622803

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Project description:BackgroundGlucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide [also known as gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP)] and its receptor (GIPR) may link overnutrition to obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes. A GIPR variant rs2287019 was recently associated with obesity and glucose metabolism.ObjectiveWe aimed to examine whether weight-loss diets that vary in fat content may modify the effect of this variant on changes in body weight, fasting glucose, and insulin resistance in the Preventing Overweight Using Novel Dietary Strategies (POUNDS LOST) trial.DesignWe genotyped the GIPR rs2287019 in 737 overweight adults who were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 weight-loss diets that varied in macronutrient contents for 2 y. We assessed the percentage changes in body weight, fasting glucose, and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) across genotypes by the low-fat and high-fat diets.ResultsAt 6 mo of diet intervention, the T allele of rs2287019 was associated with greater weight loss (β ± SE: -1.05 ± 0.56%; P = 0.06) and greater decreases in fasting glucose (β ± SE: -2.33 ± 0.86%; P = 0.006), fasting insulin (β ± SE: -8.76 ± 4.13%; P = 0.03), and HOMA-IR (β ± SE: -10.52 ± 4.39%; P = 0.01) in participants who were assigned to low-fat diets, whereas there was no significant genotype effect on changes in these traits in the group assigned to the high-fat diet (all P > 0.44; P-interaction = 0.08, 0.04, 0.10, and 0.07, respectively). After correction for multiple tests (significant P = 0.008), the genotype effect on changes in fasting glucose remained significant. Sensitivity analysis in white participants showed that the interactions were more evident on changes in insulin and HOMA-IR (P-interaction < 0.008).ConclusionThe T allele of GIPR rs2287019 is associated with greater improvement of glucose homeostasis in individuals who choose a low-fat, high-carbohydrate, and high-fiber diet. The POUNDS LOST trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00072995.

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FTO genotype, dietary protein, and change in appetite: the Preventing Overweight Using Novel Dietary Strategies trial.

Publications

FTO genotype, dietary protein, and change in appetite: the Preventing Overweight Using Novel Dietary Strategies trial.

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