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Melanoma NOS1 expression promotes dysfunctional IFN signaling.

ABSTRACT: In multiple forms of cancer, constitutive activation of type I IFN signaling is a critical consequence of immune surveillance against cancer; however, PBMCs isolated from cancer patients exhibit depressed STAT1 phosphorylation in response to IFN-?, suggesting IFN signaling dysfunction. Here, we demonstrated in a coculture system that melanoma cells differentially impairs the IFN-? response in PBMCs and that the inhibitory potential of a particular melanoma cell correlates with NOS1 expression. Comparison of gene transcription and array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) between melanoma cells from different patients indicated that suppression of IFN-? signaling correlates with an amplification of the NOS1 locus within segment 12q22-24. Evaluation of NOS1 levels in melanomas and IFN responsiveness of purified PBMCs from patients indicated a negative correlation between NOS1 expression in melanomas and the responsiveness of PBMCs to IFN-?. Furthermore, in an explorative study, NOS1 expression in melanoma metastases was negatively associated with patient response to adoptive T cell therapy. This study provides a link between cancer cell phenotype and IFN signal dysfunction in circulating immune cells.

SUBMITTER: Liu Q

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4001531 | biostudies-literature | 2014 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Melanoma NOS1 expression promotes dysfunctional IFN signaling.

Liu Qiuzhen Q Tomei Sara S Ascierto Maria Libera ML De Giorgi Valeria V Bedognetti Davide D Dai Cuilian C Uccellini Lorenzo L Spivey Tara T Pos Zoltan Z Thomas Jaime J Reinboth Jennifer J Murtas Daniela D Zhang Qianbing Q Chouchane Lotfi L Weiss Geoffrey R GR Slingluff Craig L CL Lee Peter P PP Rosenberg Steven A SA Alter Harvey H Yao Kaitai K Wang Ena E Marincola Francesco M FM

The Journal of clinical investigation 20140401 5

In multiple forms of cancer, constitutive activation of type I IFN signaling is a critical consequence of immune surveillance against cancer; however, PBMCs isolated from cancer patients exhibit depressed STAT1 phosphorylation in response to IFN-α, suggesting IFN signaling dysfunction. Here, we demonstrated in a coculture system that melanoma cells differentially impairs the IFN-α response in PBMCs and that the inhibitory potential of a particular melanoma cell correlates with NOS1 expression. C ...[more]

PMID: 24691438

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Immune checkpoint inhibition and in particular anti-PD-1 immunotherapy have revolutionized the treatment of advanced melanoma. In this regard, higher tumoral PD-L1 protein (gene name: CD274) expression is associated with better clinical response and increased survival to anti-PD-1 therapy. Moreover, there is increasing evidence that tumor suppressor proteins are involved in immune regulation and are capable of modulating the expression of immune checkpoint proteins. Here, we determined the role of p53 protein (gene name: TP53) in the regulation of PD-L1 expression in melanoma. METHODS:We analyzed publicly available mRNA and protein expression data from the cancer genome/proteome atlas and performed immunohistochemistry on tumors with known TP53 status. Constitutive and IFN-?-induced PD-L1 expression upon p53 knockdown in wildtype, TP53-mutated or JAK2-overexpressing melanoma cells or in cells, in which p53 was rendered transcriptionally inactive by CRISPR/Cas9, was determined by immunoblot or flow cytometry. Similarly, PD-L1 expression was investigated after overexpression of a transcriptionally-impaired p53 (L22Q, W23S) in TP53-wt or a TP53-knockout melanoma cell line. Immunoblot was applied to analyze the IFN-? signaling pathway. RESULTS:For TP53-mutated tumors, an increased CD274 mRNA expression and a higher frequency of PD-L1 positivity was observed. Interestingly, positive correlations of IFNG mRNA and PD-L1 protein in both TP53-wt and -mutated samples and of p53 and PD-L1 protein suggest a non-transcriptional mode of action of p53. Indeed, cell line experiments revealed a diminished IFN-?-induced PD-L1 expression upon p53 knockdown in both wildtype and TP53-mutated melanoma cells, which was not the case when p53 wildtype protein was rendered transcriptionally inactive or by ectopic expression of p53L22Q,W23S, a transcriptionally-impaired variant, in TP53-wt cells. Accordingly, expression of p53L22Q,W23S in a TP53-knockout melanoma cell line boosted IFN-?-induced PD-L1 expression. The impaired PD-L1-inducibility after p53 knockdown was associated with a reduced JAK2 expression in the cells and was almost abrogated by JAK2 overexpression. CONCLUSIONS:While having only a small impact on basal PD-L1 expression, both wildtype and mutated p53 play an important positive role for IFN-?-induced PD-L1 expression in melanoma cells by supporting JAK2 expression. Future studies should address, whether p53 expression levels might influence response to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy.

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Melanoma NOS1 expression promotes dysfunctional IFN signaling.

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Melanoma NOS1 expression promotes dysfunctional IFN signaling.

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