Dataset Information

Effectiveness of a multimodal hand hygiene campaign and obstacles to success in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Hand hygiene is the cornerstone of infection control and reduces rates of healthcare associated infection. There are limited data evaluating hand hygiene adherence and hand hygiene campaign effect in resource-limited settings, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study assessed the impact of implementing a World Health Organization (WHO)-recommended multimodal hand hygiene campaign at a hospital in Ethiopia.

Methods

This study included a before-and-after assessment of health care worker (HCW) adherence with WHO hand hygiene guidelines. It was implemented in three phases: 1) baseline evaluation of hand hygiene adherence and hospital infrastructure; 2) intervention (distribution of commercial hand sanitizer and implementation of an abbreviated WHO-recommended multimodal hand hygiene campaign); and 3) post-intervention evaluation of HCW hand hygiene adherence. HCWs' perceptions of the campaign and hand sanitizer tolerability were assessed through a survey performed in the post-intervention period.

Results

At baseline, hand washing materials were infrequently available, with only 20% of sinks having hand-washing materials. There was a significant increase in hand hygiene adherence among HCWs following implementation of a WHO multimodal hand hygiene program. Adherence increased from 2.1% at baseline (21 hand hygiene actions/1000 opportunities for hand hygiene) to 12.7% (127 hand hygiene actions /1000 opportunities for hand hygiene) after the implementation of the hand hygiene campaign (OR?=?6.8, 95% CI 4.2-10.9). Hand hygiene rates significantly increased among all HCW types except attending physicians. Independent predictors of HCW hand hygiene compliance included performing hand hygiene in the post-intervention period (aOR?=?5.7, 95% CI 3.5-9.3), in the emergency department (aOR?=?4.9, 95% CI 2.8-8.6), during patient care that did not involve Attending Physician Rounds (aOR?=?2.4, 95% CI 1.2-4.5), and after patient contact (aOR?=?2.1, 95% CI 1.4-3.3). In the perceptions survey, 64.0% of HCWs indicated preference for commercially manufactured hand sanitizer and 71.4% indicated their hand hygiene adherence would improve with commercial hand sanitizer.

Conclusions

There was a significant increase in hand hygiene adherence among Ethiopian HCWs following the implementation of a WHO-recommended multimodal hand hygiene campaign. Dissatisfaction with the current WHO-formulation for hand sanitizer was identified as a barrier to hand hygiene adherence in our setting.

SUBMITTER: Schmitz K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4004416 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effectiveness of a multimodal hand hygiene campaign and obstacles to success in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Schmitz Karen K Kempker Russell R RR Tenna Admasu A Stenehjem Edward E Abebe Engida E Tadesse Lia L Jirru Ermias Kacha EK Blumberg Henry M HM

Antimicrobial resistance and infection control 20140317 1

<h4>Background</h4>Hand hygiene is the cornerstone of infection control and reduces rates of healthcare associated infection. There are limited data evaluating hand hygiene adherence and hand hygiene campaign effect in resource-limited settings, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study assessed the impact of implementing a World Health Organization (WHO)-recommended multimodal hand hygiene campaign at a hospital in Ethiopia.<h4>Methods</h4>This study included a before-and-after assessment of ...[more]

PMID: 24636693

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Depression is a common co-morbid, disabling disorder that affects 10-25% of cancer patients. It causes substantial functional impairment and lowers survival rate of breast cancer patients. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine the magnitude of depression and its association with social support among breast cancer patients in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. METHODS:A cross-sectional study which included 428 breast cancer patients was conducted in seven health facilities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Depression and Social Support were assessed using standard tools Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ 9) and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) respectively. Descriptive statistics were done based on the standard PHQ9 cut off points (0-4, 5-9, 10-14, 15-19 and???20). Mann-Whitney and Kruskal Wallis tests were employed to compare MSPSS score among depressed and non-depressed patients and across the different levels of depression. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was done to identify factors associated with depression. RESULT:The prevalence of depression among breast cancer patients was 25% (107/428), andaccording to the PHQ9 score categorization, 70/428 (16.4%), 30/428 (7.01%) and 7/428 (1.64%) of these patients were having moderate, moderately severe and severe depression respectively. Age, occupation, type of health facility treated, severity of pain, hormonal therapy and having problem with employer/ family were significantly associated with depression. The participants' MSPSS total score was overall found to be high (70.35?±?16.81). Those women who had moderate and severe depression had lower mean MSPSS scores compared to women with none/ minimal depression (P =?0.002). CONCLUSION:This study found that one in four breast cancer patients had depression. Depression is associated with poor social support given by family, friends and significant others. Therefore, screening for depression and psychosocial service should be integrated in the routine breast cancer care in Ethiopia.

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Project description:BackgroundThere has been a paradigm shift in understanding homelessness. The shift is from the belief that homelessness results from lack of secure housing towards the view which explains homelessness in terms of the complex interactions of factors which determine the pathways into and out of homelessness. The evidence base for women's homelessness is less robust than men's homelessness. The effect of gender and its relationship with homelessness has been neglected. Addis Ababa, the capital city of Ethiopia, is estimated to be home for around 50,000 homeless people. This study aims to explore pathways through homelessness in women who were sheltered in a facility for the homeless in Addis Ababa.MethodsIn-depth interviews were conducted in 2019 with 14 women who were 'roofless', and were gathered for support in a temporary shelter in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The shelter was one of the eight such facilities established in Addis Ababa few months earlier than the study. For data analysis the QDA Miner 5.0.30 software was used and data was analyzed using thematic analysis approach.ResultsThe analysis revealed that determinant factors for pathways into homelessness among women occurred on the background of predisposing factors, such as poverty, being raised by caregivers other than biological parents, child marriage, unstable employment history. On top of the predisposing factors listed above the occurrence of precipitating factors such as problems with marriage, migration, death of parents, deception, became the immediate cause of homelessness. Despite mentions of positive experiences of homelessness such as mutual support and good social life within network of homeless people, the net effect of the interaction between negative and positive experiences of the homeless life, together with the effectiveness of coping strategies by the participants resulted in the participants' decision of whether homelessness is tolerable. Finally, the presence of perpetuating factors such as lack of affordable house, feeling of shame to go back home, and unfavorable situation at home discouraged participants from exiting the homeless situation.ConclusionFrom the findings of the study we conclude that the predisposing factors and the precipitating factors resulted in the occurrence of onset of homelessness among the participants. Once homeless, the experiences of life as homeless, and the availability of the means to exit from it determined whether the participants would stay homeless or exit from it.

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Dataset Information

Effectiveness of a multimodal hand hygiene campaign and obstacles to success in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Effectiveness of a multimodal hand hygiene campaign and obstacles to success in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Similar Datasets

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