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Genetic risk score of NOS gene variants associated with myocardial infarction correlates with coronary incidence across Europe.

ABSTRACT: Coronary artery disease (CAD) mortality and morbidity is present in the European continent in a four-fold gradient across populations, from the South (Spain and France) with the lowest CAD mortality, towards the North (Finland and UK). This observed gradient has not been fully explained by classical or single genetic risk factors, resulting in some cases in the so called Southern European or Mediterranean paradox. Here we approached population genetic risk estimates using genetic risk scores (GRS) constructed with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) from nitric oxide synthases (NOS) genes. These SNPs appeared to be associated with myocardial infarction (MI) in 2165 cases and 2153 controls. The GRSs were computed in 34 general European populations. Although the contribution of these GRS was lower than 1% between cases and controls, the mean GRS per population was positively correlated with coronary incidence explaining 65-85% of the variation among populations (67% in women and 86% in men). This large contribution to CAD incidence variation among populations might be a result of colinearity with several other common genetic and environmental factors. These results are not consistent with the cardiovascular Mediterranean paradox for genetics and support a CAD genetic architecture mainly based on combinations of common genetic polymorphisms. Population genetic risk scores is a promising approach in public health interventions to develop lifestyle programs and prevent intermediate risk factors in certain subpopulations with specific genetic predisposition.

SUBMITTER: Carreras-Torres R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4013019 | biostudies-literature | 2014

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Genetic risk score of NOS gene variants associated with myocardial infarction correlates with coronary incidence across Europe.

Carreras-Torres Robert R Kundu Suman S Zanetti Daniela D Esteban Esther E Via Marc M Moral Pedro P

PloS one 20140507 5

Coronary artery disease (CAD) mortality and morbidity is present in the European continent in a four-fold gradient across populations, from the South (Spain and France) with the lowest CAD mortality, towards the North (Finland and UK). This observed gradient has not been fully explained by classical or single genetic risk factors, resulting in some cases in the so called Southern European or Mediterranean paradox. Here we approached population genetic risk estimates using genetic risk scores (GR ...[more]

PMID: 24806096

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Project description:Importance:Serum calcium has been associated with cardiovascular disease in observational studies and evidence from randomized clinical trials indicates that calcium supplementation, which raises serum calcium levels, may increase the risk of cardiovascular events, particularly myocardial infarction. Objective:To evaluate the potential causal association between genetic variants related to elevated serum calcium levels and risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) and myocardial infarction using mendelian randomization. Design, Setting, and Participants:The analyses were performed using summary statistics obtained for single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified from a genome-wide association meta-analysis of serum calcium levels (N?=?up to 61?079 individuals) and from the Coronary Artery Disease Genome-wide Replication and Meta-analysis Plus the Coronary Artery Disease Genetics (CardiogramplusC4D) consortium's 1000 genomes-based genome-wide association meta-analysis (N?=?up to 184?305 individuals) that included cases (individuals with CAD and myocardial infarction) and noncases, with baseline data collected from 1948 and populations derived from across the globe. The association of each SNP with CAD and myocardial infarction was weighted by its association with serum calcium, and estimates were combined using an inverse-variance weighted meta-analysis. Exposures:Genetic risk score based on genetic variants related to elevated serum calcium levels. Main Outcomes and Measures:Co-primary outcomes were the odds of CAD and myocardial infarction. Results:Among the mendelian randomized analytic sample of 184?305 individuals (60?801 CAD cases [approximately 70% with myocardial infarction] and 123?504 noncases), the 6 SNPs related to serum calcium levels and without pleiotropic associations with potential confounders were estimated to explain about 0.8% of the variation in serum calcium levels. In the inverse-variance weighted meta-analysis (combining the estimates of the 6 SNPs), the odds ratios per 0.5-mg/dL increase (about 1 SD) in genetically predicted serum calcium levels were 1.25 (95% CI, 1.08-1.45; P?=?.003) for CAD and 1.24 (95% CI, 1.05-1.46; P?=?.009) for myocardial infarction. Conclusions and Relevance:A genetic predisposition to higher serum calcium levels was associated with increased risk of CAD and myocardial infarction. Whether the risk of CAD associated with lifelong genetic exposure to increased serum calcium levels can be translated to a risk associated with short-term to medium-term calcium supplementation is unknown.

Dataset Information

Genetic risk score of NOS gene variants associated with myocardial infarction correlates with coronary incidence across Europe.

Publications

Genetic risk score of NOS gene variants associated with myocardial infarction correlates with coronary incidence across Europe.

Similar Datasets

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