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Effects of body mass index-related disorders on cognition: preliminary results.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Well-known risk factors for cognitive impairment are also associated with obesity. Research has highlighted genetic risk factors for obesity, yet the relationship of those risk factors with cognitive impairment is unknown. The objective of this study was to determine the associations between cognition, hypertension, diabetes, sleep-disordered breathing, and obesity. Genetic risk factors of obesity were also examined. METHODS:The sample consisted of 369 nondemented individuals aged 50 years or older from four community cohorts. Primary outcome measures included auditory verbal memory, as measured by the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, and executive functioning, as measured by the Color-Word Interference Test of the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System battery. Apnea-hypopnea index indicators were determined during standard overnight polysomnography. Statistical analyses included Pearson correlations and linear regressions. RESULTS:Poor executive function and auditory verbal memory were linked to cardiovascular risk factors, but not directly to obesity. Genetic factors appeared to have a small but measureable association to obesity. CONCLUSION:A direct linkage between obesity and poor executive function and auditory verbal memory is difficult to discern, possibly because nonobese individuals may show cognitive impairment due to insulin resistance and the "metabolic syndrome".

SUBMITTER: Yesavage JA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4020904 | biostudies-literature | 2014

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effects of body mass index-related disorders on cognition: preliminary results.

Yesavage Jerome A JA Kinoshita Lisa M LM Noda Art A Lazzeroni Laura C LC Fairchild Jennifer Kaci JK Taylor Joy J Kulick Doina D Friedman Leah L Cheng Jauhtai J Zeitzer Jamie M JM O'Hara Ruth R

Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy 20140508

<h4>Background</h4>Well-known risk factors for cognitive impairment are also associated with obesity. Research has highlighted genetic risk factors for obesity, yet the relationship of those risk factors with cognitive impairment is unknown. The objective of this study was to determine the associations between cognition, hypertension, diabetes, sleep-disordered breathing, and obesity. Genetic risk factors of obesity were also examined.<h4>Methods</h4>The sample consisted of 369 nondemented indiv ...[more]

PMID: 24855383

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Project description:The clinical recognition of cardiometabolic disorders might be enhanced by anthropometry based on the sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD; also called "abdominal height") or waist circumference rather than on weight. Direct comparisons of body mass index (BMI, weight/height(2)) with SAD/height ratio (SADHtR) or waist circumference/height ratio (WHtR) have not previously been tested in nationally representative populations.Nonpregnant adults without diagnosed diabetes (ages 20-64 years; n = 3071) provided conventional anthropometry and supine SAD (by sliding-beam caliper) in the 2011-2012 US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Population-weighted, logistic models estimated how strongly each anthropometric indicator was associated with 5 cardiometabolic disorders: Dysglycemia (glycated hemoglobin ?5.7%), HyperNonHDLc (non-high-density-lipoprotein [HDL] cholesterol ?4.14 mmol/L, or taking anticholesteremic medications), Hypertension (systolic blood pressure ?140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure ?90 mm Hg, or taking antihypertensive medications), HyperALT (alanine transaminase ?p75 [75th percentile, sex-specific]), and HyperGGT (gamma-glutamyltransferase ?p75 [sex-specific]).After scaling each indicator, adjusted odds ratios (aORs) tended to be highest for SADHtR and lowest for BMI when identifying each disorder except dysglycemia. When SADHtR entered models simultaneously with BMI, the aORs for BMI no longer directly identified any condition, whereas SADHtR identified persons with HyperNonHDLc by aOR 2.78 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.71-4.51), Hypertension by aOR 2.51 (95% CI, 1.22-5.15), HyperALT by aOR 2.89 (95% CI, 1.56-5.37), and HyperGGT by aOR 5.43 (95% CI, 3.01-9.79). WHtR competed successfully against BMI with regard to Dysglycemia, HyperNonHDLc, and HyperGGT. c-Statistics of SADHtR and WHtR were higher than those of BMI (P <.001) for identifying HyperNonHDLc and HyperGGT.Among nonelderly adults, SADHtR or WHtR recognized cardiometabolic disorders better than did the BMI.

Dataset Information

Effects of body mass index-related disorders on cognition: preliminary results.

Publications

Effects of body mass index-related disorders on cognition: preliminary results.

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