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The complete genome of Blastobotrys (Arxula) adeninivorans LS3 - a yeast of biotechnological interest.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:The industrially important yeast Blastobotrys (Arxula) adeninivorans is an asexual hemiascomycete phylogenetically very distant from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Its unusual metabolic flexibility allows it to use a wide range of carbon and nitrogen sources, while being thermotolerant, xerotolerant and osmotolerant. RESULTS:The sequencing of strain LS3 revealed that the nuclear genome of A. adeninivorans is 11.8 Mb long and consists of four chromosomes with regional centromeres. Its closest sequenced relative is Yarrowia lipolytica, although mean conservation of orthologs is low. With 914 introns within 6116 genes, A. adeninivorans is one of the most intron-rich hemiascomycetes sequenced to date. Several large species-specific families appear to result from multiple rounds of segmental duplications of tandem gene arrays, a novel mechanism not yet described in yeasts. An analysis of the genome and its transcriptome revealed enzymes with biotechnological potential, such as two extracellular tannases (Atan1p and Atan2p) of the tannic-acid catabolic route, and a new pathway for the assimilation of n-butanol via butyric aldehyde and butyric acid. CONCLUSIONS:The high-quality genome of this species that diverged early in Saccharomycotina will allow further fundamental studies on comparative genomics, evolution and phylogenetics. Protein components of different pathways for carbon and nitrogen source utilization were identified, which so far has remained unexplored in yeast, offering clues for further biotechnological developments. In the course of identifying alternative microorganisms for biotechnological interest, A. adeninivorans has already proved its strengthened competitiveness as a promising cell factory for many more applications.

SUBMITTER: Kunze G

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4022394 | biostudies-literature | 2014

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The complete genome of Blastobotrys (Arxula) adeninivorans LS3 - a yeast of biotechnological interest.

Kunze Gotthard G Gaillardin Claude C Czernicka Małgorzata M Durrens Pascal P Martin Tiphaine T Böer Erik E Gabaldón Toni T Cruz Jose A JA Talla Emmanuel E Marck Christian C Goffeau André A Barbe Valérie V Baret Philippe P Baronian Keith K Beier Sebastian S Bleykasten Claudine C Bode Rüdiger R Casaregola Serge S Despons Laurence L Fairhead Cécile C Giersberg Martin M Gierski Przemysław Piotr PP Hähnel Urs U Hartmann Anja A Jankowska Dagmara D Jubin Claire C Jung Paul P Lafontaine Ingrid I Leh-Louis Véronique V Lemaire Marc M Marcet-Houben Marina M Mascher Martin M Morel Guillaume G Richard Guy-Franck GF Riechen Jan J Sacerdot Christine C Sarkar Anasua A Savel Guilhem G Schacherer Joseph J Sherman David J DJ Stein Nils N Straub Marie-Laure ML Thierry Agnès A Trautwein-Schult Anke A Vacherie Benoit B Westhof Eric E Worch Sebastian S Dujon Bernard B Souciet Jean-Luc JL Wincker Patrick P Scholz Uwe U Neuvéglise Cécile C

Biotechnology for biofuels 20140424

<h4>Background</h4>The industrially important yeast Blastobotrys (Arxula) adeninivorans is an asexual hemiascomycete phylogenetically very distant from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Its unusual metabolic flexibility allows it to use a wide range of carbon and nitrogen sources, while being thermotolerant, xerotolerant and osmotolerant.<h4>Results</h4>The sequencing of strain LS3 revealed that the nuclear genome of A. adeninivorans is 11.8 Mb long and consists of four chromosomes with regional centrom ...[more]

PMID: 24834124

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Project description:Tannins and hydroxylated aromatic acids, such as gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid), are plant secondary metabolites which protect plants against herbivores and plant-associated microorganisms. Some microbes, such as the yeast Arxula adeninivorans are resistant to these antimicrobial substances and are able to use tannins and gallic acid as carbon sources. In this study, the Arxula gallic acid decarboxylase (Agdc1p) which degrades gallic acid to pyrogallol was characterized and its function in tannin catabolism analyzed. The enzyme has a higher affinity for gallic acid (Km -0.7 ± 0.2 mM, kcat -42.0 ± 8.2 s-1) than to protocatechuic acid (3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid) (Km -3.2 ± 0.2 mM, kcat -44.0 ± 3.2 s-1). Other hydroxylated aromatic acids, such as 3-hydroxybenzoic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid and 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid are not gallic acid decarboxylase substrates. A. adeninivorans G1212/YRC102-AYNI1-AGDC1, which expresses the AGDC1 gene under the control of the strong nitrate inducible AYNI1 promoter achieved a maximum gallic acid decarboxylase activity of 1064.4 U/l and 97.5 U/g of dry cell weight in yeast grown in minimal medium with nitrate as nitrogen source and glucose as carbon source. In the same medium, gallic acid decarboxylase activity was not detected for the control strain G1212/YRC102 with AGDC1 expression under the control of the endogenous promoter. Gene expression analysis showed that AGDC1 is induced by gallic acid and protocatechuic acid. In contrast to G1212/YRC102-AYNI1-AGDC1 and G1212/YRC102, A. adeninivorans G1234 [Δagdc1] is not able to grow on medium with gallic acid as carbon source but can grow in presence of protocatechuic acid. This confirms that Agdc1p plays an essential role in the tannic acid catabolism and could be useful in the production of catechol and cis,cis-muconic acid. However, the protocatechuic acid catabolism via Agdc1p to catechol seems to be not the only degradation pathway.

Project description:Background:In the context of sustainable development, yeast are one class of microorganisms foreseen for the production of oil from diverse renewable feedstocks, in particular those that do not compete with the food supply. However, their use in bulk production, such as for the production of biodiesel, is still not cost effective, partly due to the possible poor use of desired substrates or poor robustness in the practical bioconversion process. We investigated the natural capacity of Blastobotrys adeninivorans, a yeast already used in biotechnology, to store lipids under different conditions. Results:The genotyping of seven strains showed the species to actually be composed of two different groups, one that (including the well-known strain LS3) could be reassigned to Blastobotrys raffinosifermentans. We showed that, under nitrogen limitation, strains of both species can synthesize lipids to over 20% of their dry-cell weight during shake-flask cultivation in glucose or xylose medium for 96 h. In addition, organic acids were excreted into the medium. LS3, our best lipid-producing strain, could also accumulate lipids from exogenous oleic acid, up to 38.1?±?1.6% of its dry-cell weight, and synthesize lipids from various sugar substrates, up to 36.6?±?0.5% when growing in cellobiose. Both species, represented by LS3 and CBS 8244T, could grow with little filamentation in the lipogenic medium from 28 to 45 °C and reached lipid titers ranging from 1.76?±?0.28 to 3.08?±?0.49 g/L in flasks. Under these conditions, the maximum bioconversion yield (Y FA/S?=?0.093?±?0.017) was obtained with LS3 at 37 °C. The presence of genes for predicted subunits of an ATP citrate lyase in the genome of LS3 reinforces its oleaginous character. Conclusions:Blastobotrys adeninivorans and B. raffinosifermentans, which are known to be xerotolerant and genetically-tractable, are promising biotechnological yeasts of the Saccharomycotina that could be further developed through genetic engineering for the production of microbial oil. To our knowledge, this is the first report of efficient lipid storage in yeast when cultivated at a temperature above 40 °C. This paves the way to help reducing costs through consolidated bioprocessing.

Dataset Information

The complete genome of Blastobotrys (Arxula) adeninivorans LS3 - a yeast of biotechnological interest.

Publications

The complete genome of Blastobotrys (Arxula) adeninivorans LS3 - a yeast of biotechnological interest.

Similar Datasets

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