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Preterm birth, infant weight gain, and childhood asthma risk: a meta-analysis of 147,000 European children.


ABSTRACT:

Background

Preterm birth, low birth weight, and infant catch-up growth seem associated with an increased risk of respiratory diseases in later life, but individual studies showed conflicting results.

Objectives

We performed an individual participant data meta-analysis for 147,252 children of 31 birth cohort studies to determine the associations of birth and infant growth characteristics with the risks of preschool wheezing (1-4 years) and school-age asthma (5-10 years).

Methods

First, we performed an adjusted 1-stage random-effect meta-analysis to assess the combined associations of gestational age, birth weight, and infant weight gain with childhood asthma. Second, we performed an adjusted 2-stage random-effect meta-analysis to assess the associations of preterm birth (gestational age <37 weeks) and low birth weight (<2500 g) with childhood asthma outcomes.

Results

Younger gestational age at birth and higher infant weight gain were independently associated with higher risks of preschool wheezing and school-age asthma (P < .05). The inverse associations of birth weight with childhood asthma were explained by gestational age at birth. Compared with term-born children with normal infant weight gain, we observed the highest risks of school-age asthma in children born preterm with high infant weight gain (odds ratio [OR], 4.47; 95% CI, 2.58-7.76). Preterm birth was positively associated with an increased risk of preschool wheezing (pooled odds ratio [pOR], 1.34; 95% CI, 1.25-1.43) and school-age asthma (pOR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.18-1.67) independent of birth weight. Weaker effect estimates were observed for the associations of low birth weight adjusted for gestational age at birth with preschool wheezing (pOR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.00-1.21) and school-age asthma (pOR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.01-1.27).

Conclusion

Younger gestational age at birth and higher infant weight gain were associated with childhood asthma outcomes. The associations of lower birth weight with childhood asthma were largely explained by gestational age at birth.

SUBMITTER: Sonnenschein-van der Voort AM 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4024198 | biostudies-literature | 2014 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Preterm birth, infant weight gain, and childhood asthma risk: a meta-analysis of 147,000 European children.

Sonnenschein-van der Voort Agnes M M AM   Arends Lidia R LR   de Jongste Johan C JC   Annesi-Maesano Isabella I   Arshad S Hasan SH   Barros Henrique H   Basterrechea Mikel M   Bisgaard Hans H   Chatzi Leda L   Corpeleijn Eva E   Correia Sofia S   Craig Leone C LC   Devereux Graham G   Dogaru Cristian C   Dostal Miroslav M   Duchen Karel K   Eggesbø Merete M   van der Ent C Kors CK   Fantini Maria P MP   Forastiere Francesco F   Frey Urs U   Gehring Ulrike U   Gori Davide D   van der Gugten Anne C AC   Hanke Wojciech W   Henderson A John AJ   Heude Barbara B   Iñiguez Carmen C   Inskip Hazel M HM   Keil Thomas T   Kelleher Cecily C CC   Kogevinas Manolis M   Kreiner-Møller Eskil E   Kuehni Claudia E CE   Küpers Leanne K LK   Lancz Kinga K   Larsen Pernille S PS   Larsen Pernille S PS   Lau Susanne S   Ludvigsson Johnny J   Mommers Monique M   Nybo Andersen Anne-Marie AM   Palkovicova Lubica L   Pike Katharine C KC   Pizzi Costanza C   Polanska Kinga K   Porta Daniela D   Richiardi Lorenzo L   Roberts Graham G   Schmidt Anne A   Sram Radim J RJ   Sunyer Jordi J   Thijs Carel C   Torrent Maties M   Viljoen Karien K   Wijga Alet H AH   Vrijheid Martine M   Jaddoe Vincent W V VW   Duijts Liesbeth L  

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology 20140212 5


<h4>Background</h4>Preterm birth, low birth weight, and infant catch-up growth seem associated with an increased risk of respiratory diseases in later life, but individual studies showed conflicting results.<h4>Objectives</h4>We performed an individual participant data meta-analysis for 147,252 children of 31 birth cohort studies to determine the associations of birth and infant growth characteristics with the risks of preschool wheezing (1-4 years) and school-age asthma (5-10 years).<h4>Methods  ...[more]

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