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Identification of surfactins and iturins produced by potent fungal antagonist, Bacillus subtilis K1 isolated from aerial roots of banyan (Ficus benghalensis) tree using mass spectrometry.

ABSTRACT: The banyan endophyte, Bacillus subtilis K1, produces a complex mixture of lipopeptides exhibiting potent antifungal activity. These lipopeptides were purified by high-performance liquid chromatography and analyzed using MALDI-TOF-MS as well as liquid chromatography coupled with ESI-MS. A heterogenous mixture of lipopeptides belonging to three different families of cyclic lipopeptides, viz., fengycins, iturins and surfactins, was detected in the cell-free extracellular extract of B. subtilis K1. The detailed mass spectrometric characterization revealed the presence of four variants of iturin A and three variants of iturin C varying in the β-amino fatty acid chain length from C₁₃ to C₁₇. The MS/MS of monovalent alkali metal ion adducts (Na and K) of iturin suggested the Glu⁴ as a binding site for metal ion. The LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis of surfactins enabled the identification of seven surfactin variants with the variations in Val/Ile/Leu at position 4 and C₁₃-C₁₇ β-hydroxy fatty acids. This study demonstrates the application of tandem mass spectrometry in identification of closely related lipopeptides from a heterogenous mixture obtained from a natural source. Furthermore, this is the first report of an endophytic bacillus strain co-producing so many variants of surfactins and iturins.

SUBMITTER: Pathak KV

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4026446 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Living bridges using aerial roots of ficus elastica - an interdisciplinary perspective.

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Project description:This study characterizes the transcriptomic alterations of Serpula lacrymans in contact with tree roots compared to the transcriptome of free-living mycelium. We performed 6 hybridizations (NimbleGen) with samples derived from Picea sylvestris root tips inoculated with Serpula lacrymans (three biological replicates). These samples were compared to free-living mycelium from Serpula lacrymans (three biological replicates). All samples were labeled with Cy3.

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