Browse
Submit Data
Databases
API
Help

Dataset Information

15 Views

0 Connections

0 Citations

0 Reanalyses

0 Downloads

Omics score: 0

Identification of surfactins and iturins produced by potent fungal antagonist, Bacillus subtilis K1 isolated from aerial roots of banyan (Ficus benghalensis) tree using mass spectrometry.

ABSTRACT: The banyan endophyte, Bacillus subtilis K1, produces a complex mixture of lipopeptides exhibiting potent antifungal activity. These lipopeptides were purified by high-performance liquid chromatography and analyzed using MALDI-TOF-MS as well as liquid chromatography coupled with ESI-MS. A heterogenous mixture of lipopeptides belonging to three different families of cyclic lipopeptides, viz., fengycins, iturins and surfactins, was detected in the cell-free extracellular extract of B. subtilis K1. The detailed mass spectrometric characterization revealed the presence of four variants of iturin A and three variants of iturin C varying in the β-amino fatty acid chain length from C₁₃ to C₁₇. The MS/MS of monovalent alkali metal ion adducts (Na and K) of iturin suggested the Glu⁴ as a binding site for metal ion. The LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis of surfactins enabled the identification of seven surfactin variants with the variations in Val/Ile/Leu at position 4 and C₁₃-C₁₇ β-hydroxy fatty acids. This study demonstrates the application of tandem mass spectrometry in identification of closely related lipopeptides from a heterogenous mixture obtained from a natural source. Furthermore, this is the first report of an endophytic bacillus strain co-producing so many variants of surfactins and iturins.

SUBMITTER: Pathak KV

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4026446 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Json Xml

Similar Datasets

Living bridges using aerial roots of ficus elastica - an interdisciplinary perspective.

Project description:Here we report on a pilot study of the Living Root Bridges (LRBs) in the Indian State Meghalaya, which are grown with aerial roots of Ficus elastica, a facultative hemiepiphyte developing abundant aerial roots. Locals use these aerial roots to build living bridges, which strengthen themselves over time due to adaptive secondary growth and their capacity to form a mechanically stable structure via inosculations. An extensive inventory of LRBs in Meghalaya including data of location, altitude, approximate age and bridge length was performed in field studies. Root morphology was characterised by measurements of cross-sectional area and shape-related parameters and analysed in relation to the orientation of the roots. LRBs are found to occur mainly in the mountainous limestone rainforests where F. elastica may be native or traditionally cultivated. They cover an altitude range of 57-1211?m?a.m.s.l. and display a length of 2 to 52.7?m. Some bridges are several hundreds of years old. Horizontally and vertically trained roots differ significantly in shape and cross-sectional area when approximately even-aged roots are compared. The results are discussed from an interdisciplinary perspective, considering the adaptive traits in the natural life cycle of F. elastica and possible applications in living architecture (Baubotanik).

| S-EPMC6706416 | biostudies-literature

Isolation and characterization of novel acetylcholinesterase inhibitors from Ficus benghalensis L. leaves.

Project description:Metabolic profiling of the crude methanolic extract of Ficus benghalensis leaves has revealed the presence of different phenolic and nitrogenous compounds including cerebrosides and tetrapyrrole pigments. A phytochemical study of the ethyl acetate fraction resulted in the identification of three known compounds, namely carpachromene (1), alpha amyrine acetate (2), and mucusoside (3) together with one new fatty acid glycoside, named 2-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-hexacosanoate-β-d-glucopyranosyl ester (4). The compounds were identified using 1D, 2D NMR, and HR-ESIMS techniques as well as via comparison to other literature. Studies on the acetylcholinesterase inhibition potential and antioxidant activity were carried out on the total methanolic leaf extract, ethyl acetate fraction, and the isolated compounds. The results revealed the potent acetylcholinesterase inhibition of mucusoside alongside a new compound. Docking studies were also performed to confirm the possible interaction between the isolated compounds and acetylcholinesterase accompanying Alzheimer's disease progress.

| S-EPMC9057082 | biostudies-literature

Genome sequencing and comparative analysis of Ficus benghalensis and Ficus religiosa species reveal evolutionary mechanisms of longevity.

Project description:Ficus benghalensis and Ficus religiosa are large woody trees well known for their long lifespan, ecological and traditional significance, and medicinal properties. To understand the genomic and evolutionary aspects of these characteristics, the whole genomes of these Ficus species were sequenced using 10x Genomics linked reads and Oxford Nanopore long reads. The draft genomes of F. benghalensis and F. religiosa comprised of 392.89 Mbp and 332.97 Mbp, respectively. We established the genome-wide phylogenetic positions of the two Ficus species with respect to 50 other Angiosperm species. Comparative evolutionary analyses with other phylogenetically closer Eudicot species revealed adaptive evolution in genes involved in key cellular mechanisms associated with prolonged survival including phytohormones signaling, senescence, disease resistance, and abiotic stress tolerance, which provide genomic insights into the mechanisms conferring longevity and suggest that longevity is a multifaceted phenomenon. This study also provides clues on the existence of CAM pathway in these Ficus species.

| S-EPMC9508489 | biostudies-literature

Enzyme Inhibitory Activities of Extracts and Carpachromene from the Stem of Ficus benghalensis.

Project description:Ficus benghalensis is one of the potential medicinal plants which is used locally for the treatment of various ailments such as diabetes, antiasthmatic, and wound healing. To provide a scientific background to these folklores, the current study was designed to evaluate the extract and isolated compound against various enzymes such as ureases, tyrosinase, and phosphodiesterase. The methanolic extract and carpachromene demonstrated a significant urease inhibition effect with maximum percent inhibition of 72.09 and 92.87%, respectively. Regarding the tyrosinase inhibition, the percent antagonist effect of carpachromene and the methanolic extract was 84.80 and 70.98%, respectively. The phosphodiesterase was also significantly antagonized by crude extract and carpachromene with a maximum percent inhibition of 82.98% and 89.54%, respectively. The docking study demonstrated that the carpachromene fits well into the active site of all three enzymes with significant interactions. Carpachromene might possess the potential to inhibit all three enzymes and can effectively treat different diseases associated with the hyperactivity of these enzymes. In conclusion, the crude extract and carpachromene exhibit significant urease, tyrosinase, and phosphodiesterase inhibitory activity which might be used against various diseases. In conclusion, the crude extract and carpachromene exhibit significant urease, tyrosinase, and phosphodiesterase inhibitory activity which might be used against diabetes and bronchoconstriction. Further, the current study provides scientific backup to the folklore (antidiabetic and antiasthmatic) of Ficus benghalensis.

| S-EPMC9794428 | biostudies-literature

Consolidation of network and experimental pharmacology to divulge the antidiabetic action of Ficus benghalensis L. bark.

Project description:A total of 21 different bioactives were identified from F. benghalensis in which 3 molecules, i.e., apigenin, 3',4',5,7-tetrahydroxy-3-methoxyflavone, and kaempferol were predicted to target the highest number of proteins involved in diabetic pathogenesis in which protein tyrosine phosphatase 1b was primarily targeted. Similarly, a docking study identified ursolic acid to have the highest binding affinity with protein tyrosine phosphatase 1b. The combined synergic network analysis identified PI3K/Akt signaling pathway to be primarily modulated followed by the calcium signaling pathway. Similarly, in oral glucose tolerance test, we observed the efficacy of hydroalcoholic extract of F. benghalensis to lower the total area under the curve of glucose and increase total area under curve of insulin for 2 hours. Likewise, hydroalcoholic extract reversed the altered homeostatic hepatic enzymes after 28 days of treatments. Similarly, the extract also enhanced the antioxidant enzymes level like catalase and superoxide dismutase in liver homogenate. In summary, hydroalcoholic extract of F. benghalensis bark may act as an antidiabetic agent by enhancing the glycolysis, decreasing gluconeogenesis, promoting glucose uptake, enhancing insulin secretion, and maintaining pancreatic β-cell mass via PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and downregulating the function of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1b.Supplementary informationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-021-02788-7.

| S-EPMC8071789 | biostudies-literature

A new Agrobacterium strain isolated from aerial tumors on Ficus benjamina L.

Project description:Crown gall tumors, collected from branches of 1-year-old weeping fig (Ficus benjamina L.) trees, yielded both tumorigenic and nonpathogenic agrobacteria. On the basis of classical diagnostic tests, the nonpathogenic strains were identified as Agrobacterium tumefaciens, whereas the tumorigenic strains could not be assigned to any of the known terrestrial Agrobacterium spp. The tumorigenic strains also differed from other members of the genus by producing more acid from mannitol. According to cluster analysis of carbon substrate oxidation (GN Microplate; Biolog, Inc.) and fatty acid content, the tumorigenic fig strains were distinct from strains of A. tumefaciens, Agrobacterium rhizogenes, Agrobacterium vitis, and Agrobacterium rubi. Furthermore, they had unusual opine metabolism, inducing tumors that synthesized nopaline and three recently discovered opines: chrysopine (d-lactone of N-1-deoxy-D-fructosyl-L-glutamine, and N-1-deoxy-D-fructosyl-L-glutamine, and N-1-deoxy-D-fructosyl-5-oxo-L-proline. The nonpathogenic A. tumefaciens strains present in the same tumors were unable to degrade any of the opines tested. The phylogenetic position of the tumorigenic fig strain AF3.10 was inferred from comparing its rrs (i.e., 16S rRNA gene) sequence with those from the type strains of Agrobacterium and Rhizobium species. The analysis showed that strain AF3.10 clustered with A. tumefaciens and A. rubi but not with A. vitis and was far removed from A. rhizogenes. However, the sequence was significantly different from those of A. tumefaciens and A. rubi to suggest that the tumorigenic fig strain may be a new Agrobacterium species that is as different from A. tumefaciens and A. rubi as these two species are from one another.

| S-EPMC167260 | biostudies-other

Cellular Growth in Aerial Roots Differs From That in Typical Substrate Roots

Project description:Background and Aims In the roots of most vascular plants, the growth zone is small, the meristem and the elongation zone are sharply separated, and only meristematic cells divide. This statement is based almost entirely on studies with soil-rooted plants. Whether aerial roots of structurally dependent (=epiphytic/hemiepiphytic) species differ is virtually unexplored. Methods Growth of aerial roots in 20 structurally dependent plant species from eight families was studied ex situ. In 12 species, we studied the anatomical structure and distribution of cortex cell lengths and rhizoderm in the growth zone. Key Results All the studied aerial roots had an open apical meristem, and mitoses were not restricted to the meristem. In contrast to belowground roots, relative growth rate did not strongly increase upon transition to the elongation zone, while elongating growth was often prolonged. Still, the relative growth rate was lower than in belowground roots in soil, and in different species, it did not change considerably compared to each other. Conclusions A distinct elongation zone with rapid cell growth was missing in the studied aerial roots. Rather, there was a growth zone in which division, growth, and differentiation co-occurred. We observed a generally low relative growth rate in aerial roots and a surprisingly similar initial growth pattern in spite of the diversity in taxonomy and ecology, which resembled initial cellular growth in leaves, stems, and fleshy dicotyledonous fruit.

| S-EPMC9199517 | biostudies-literature

A New EGFR Inhibitor from Ficus benghalensis Exerted Potential Anti-Inflammatory Activity via Akt/PI3K Pathway Inhibition.

Project description:Inflammation is a critical defensive mechanism mainly arising due to the production of prostaglandins via cyclooxygenase enzymes. This study aimed to examine the anti-inflammatory activity of fatty acid glucoside (FAG), which is isolated from Ficus benghalensis against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. The cytotoxic activity of the FAG on RAW 264.7 macrophages was evaluated with an MTT assay. The levels of PGE2 and NO and the activity of iNOS, COX-1, and COX-2 enzymes in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells were evaluated. The gene expression of IL-6, TNF-α, and PGE2 was investigated by qRT-PCR. The expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), Akt, and PI3K proteins was examined using Western blotting analysis. Furthermore, molecular docking of the new FAG against EGFR was investigated. A non-cytotoxic concentration of FAG increased NO release and iNOS activity, inhibited COX-1 and COX-2 activities, and reduced PGE2 levels in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. It diminished the expression of TNF-α, IL-6, PGE2, EGFR, Akt, and PI3K. Furthermore, the molecular docking study proposed the potential direct binding of FAG with EGFR with a high affinity. This study showed that FAG is a natural EGFR inhibitor, NO-releasing, and COX-inhibiting anti-inflammatory agent via EGFR/Akt/PI3K pathway inhibition.

| S-EPMC9324879 | biostudies-literature

circRNA maps in AhR antagonist treated K1 cells

Project description:High-throughput data analysis was performed to identify the differentially expressed circRNAs in K1 control cell and AhR antagonist treated K1 cells. In total, 45 differentially expressed circRNAs were found.

2021-11-30 | GSE188657 | GEO

From dangerous branches to urban banyan: Facilitating aerial root growth of Ficus rubiginosa.

Project description:Large urban trees have many benefits. However, falling branches pose a serious hazard to both people and infrastructure. In several tree species, aerial roots grow down from branches to the ground. These roots are capable of thickening to support the branches, lessening the risk of tree failure. Unfortunately, in urban environments most aerial roots die before reaching the ground. Here, we report a new method for encouraging aerial roots to reach the ground, developed by the second-year botany class at UNSW Sydney. Our class tested three experimental treatments on aerial roots of Ficus rubiginosa Desf. ex Vent. (Port Jackson Fig)-PVC pipes filled with sphagnum moss, PVC pipes filled with potting mix, and PVC pipes filled with sphagnum moss and topped with funnels to catch extra rainwater. All three treatments significantly improved aerial root growth, with 26 of the 30 (87%) treatment roots reaching the ground after one year compared to 0 of the 10 control roots. Our method was successful for roots up to 3 m above the ground, suggesting the potential growth rate of aerial roots is substantial when conditions are favourable. Our novel approach is an attractive and cost-effective alternative to slings and other artificial supports. This project is an example of using undergraduate practical classes to teach science while simultaneously addressing important real-world problems.

| S-EPMC6936823 | biostudies-literature

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

OmicsDI is an Elixir interoperability service. Learn more ›

Tweets

OmicsDI Databases

PRIDE
PeptideAtlas
MassIVE
JPOST Repository
Physiome Model Repository

EGA
EVA
ENA
LINCS
PAXDB
Cell Collective

MetaboLights
Metabolomics Workbench
MetabolomeExpress
GNPS
BioModels
FAIRDOMHub

ArrayExpress
dbGaP
ExpressionAtlas
GEO
NODE

Information

Databases
Help
API
Contact us
Code on GitHub
Terms of use
Submit Data