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Fish intake during pregnancy and the risk of child asthma and allergic rhinitis - longitudinal evidence from the Danish National Birth Cohort.

ABSTRACT: Maternal fish intake during pregnancy may influence the risk of child asthma and allergic rhinitis, yet evidence is conflicting on its association with these outcomes. We examined the associations of maternal fish intake during pregnancy with child asthma and allergic rhinitis. Mothers in the Danish National Birth Cohort (n 28 936) reported their fish intake at 12 and 30 weeks of gestation. Using multivariate logistic regression, we examined the associations of fish intake with child wheeze, asthma and rhinitis assessed at several time points: ever wheeze, recurrent wheeze (>3 episodes), ever asthma and allergic rhinitis, and current asthma, assessed at 18 months (n approximately 22,000) and 7 years (n approximately 17,000) using self-report and registry data on hospitalisations and prescribed medications. Compared with consistently high fish intake during pregnancy (fish as a sandwich or hot meal > or equal to 2-3 times/week), never eating fish was associated with a higher risk of child asthma diagnosis at 18 months (OR 1·30, 95% CI 1·05, 1·63, P=0·02), and ever asthma by hospitalisation (OR 1·46, 95% CI 0·99, 2·13, P=0·05) and medication prescription (OR 1·37, 95% CI 1·10, 1·71, P=0·01). A dose-response was present for asthma at 18 months only (P for trend=0·001). We found no associations with wheeze or recurrent wheeze at 18 months or with allergic rhinitis. The results suggest that high (v. no) maternal fish intake during pregnancy is protective against both early and ever asthma in 7-year-old children.

SUBMITTER: Maslova E

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4035354 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Fish intake during pregnancy and the risk of child asthma and allergic rhinitis - longitudinal evidence from the Danish National Birth Cohort.

Maslova Ekaterina E Strøm Marin M Oken Emily E Campos Hannia H Lange Christoph C Gold Diane D Olsen Sjurdur F SF

The British journal of nutrition 20130308 7

Maternal fish intake during pregnancy may influence the risk of child asthma and allergic rhinitis, yet evidence is conflicting on its association with these outcomes. We examined the associations of maternal fish intake during pregnancy with child asthma and allergic rhinitis. Mothers in the Danish National Birth Cohort (n 28 936) reported their fish intake at 12 and 30 weeks of gestation. Using multivariate logistic regression, we examined the associations of fish intake with child wheeze, ast ...[more]

PMID: 23473120

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Project description:BackgroundPast evidence has suggested a role of artificial sweeteners in allergic disease; yet, the evidence has been inconsistent and unclear.ObjectiveTo examine relation of intake of artificially-sweetened beverages during pregnancy with child asthma and allergic rhinitis at 18 months and 7 years.MethodsWe analyzed data from 60,466 women enrolled during pregnancy in the prospective longitudinal Danish National Birth Cohort between 1996 and 2003. At the 25th week of gestation we administered a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire which asked in detail about intake of artificially-sweetened soft drinks. At 18 months, we evaluated child asthma using interview data. We also assessed asthma and allergic rhinitis through a questionnaire at age 7 and by using national registries. Current asthma was defined as self-reported asthma diagnosis and wheeze in the past 12 months. We examined the relation between intake of artificially-sweetened soft drinks and child allergic disease outcomes and present here odds ratios with 95% CI comparing daily vs. no intake.ResultsAt 18 months, we found that mothers who consumed more artificially-sweetened non-carbonated soft drinks were 1.23 (95% CI: 1.13, 1.33) times more likely to report a child asthma diagnosis compared to non-consumers. Similar results were found for child wheeze. Consumers of artificially-sweetened carbonated drinks were more likely to have a child asthma diagnosis in the patient (1.30, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.66) and medication (1.13, 95% CI: 0.98, 1.29) registry, as well as self-reported allergic rhinitis (1.31, 95% CI: 0.98, 1.74) during the first 7 years of follow-up. We found no associations for sugar-sweetened soft drinks.ConclusionCarbonated artificially-sweetened soft drinks were associated with registry-based asthma and self-reported allergic rhinitis, while early childhood outcomes were related to non-carbonated soft drinks. These results suggest that consumption of artificially-sweetened soft drinks during pregnancy may play a role in offspring allergic disease development.

Project description:ImportanceMaternal fish intake in pregnancy has been shown to influence fetal growth. The extent to which fish intake affects childhood growth and obesity remains unclear.ObjectiveTo examine whether fish intake in pregnancy is associated with offspring growth and the risk of childhood overweight and obesity.Design, setting, and participantsMulticenter, population-based birth cohort study of singleton deliveries from 1996 to 2011 in Belgium, France, Greece, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Spain, and Massachusetts. A total of 26,184 pregnant women and their children were followed up at 2-year intervals until the age of 6 years.ExposuresConsumption of fish during pregnancy.Main outcomes and measuresWe estimated offspring body mass index percentile trajectories from 3 months after birth to 6 years of age. We defined rapid infant growth as a weight gain z score greater than 0.67 from birth to 2 years and childhood overweight/obesity at 4 and 6 years as body mass index in the 85th percentile or higher for age and sex. We calculated cohort-specific effect estimates and combined them by random-effects meta-analysis.ResultsThis multicenter, population-based birth cohort study included the 26,184 pregnant women and their children. The median fish intake during pregnancy ranged from 0.5 times/week in Belgium to 4.45 times/week in Spain. Women who ate fish more than 3 times/week during pregnancy gave birth to offspring with higher body mass index values from infancy through middle childhood compared with women with lower fish intake (3 times/week or less). High fish intake during pregnancy (>3 times/week) was associated with increased risk of rapid infant growth, with an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 1.22 (95% CI, 1.05-1.42) and increased risk of offspring overweight/obesity at 4 years (aOR, 1.14 [95% CI, 0.99-1.32]) and 6 years (aOR, 1.22 [95% CI, 1.01-1.47]) compared with an intake of once per week or less. Interaction analysis showed that the effect of high fish intake during pregnancy on rapid infant growth was greater among girls (aOR, 1.31 [95% CI, 1.08-1.59]) than among boys (aOR, 1.11 [95% CI, 0.92-1.34]; P = .02 for interaction).Conclusions and relevanceHigh maternal fish intake during pregnancy was associated with increased risk of rapid growth in infancy and childhood obesity. Our findings are in line with the fish intake limit proposed by the US Food and Drug Administration and Environmental Protection Agency.

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Project description:BackgroundThe natural history of allergic sensitization in childhood, and its impact on allergic disease development, needs to be clarified. This study aims to identify allergic sensitization and morbidity patterns during the first 8 years of life.MethodsThe study was conducted in the on-going population-based prospective Pollution and Asthma Risk: an Infant Study (PARIS) birth cohort. Sensitization profiles were identified by k-means clustering based upon allergen-specific IgE levels measured at 18 months and 8/9 years. Allergic morbidity profiles were identified by latent class analysis based on symptoms, symptom severity, treatments, and lifetime doctor-diagnoses of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis and on lower respiratory infections before 2 years.ResultsFive sensitization and 5 allergic morbidity patterns were established in 714 children. Children not sensitized or with isolated and low allergen-specific sensitization were grouped together (76.8%). A profile of early and transient sensitization to foods that increased the risk of asthma later in childhood was identified (4.9%). Children strongly sensitized (≥3.5 kUA/L) to house dust mite at 8/9 years (9.0%) had the highest risk of asthma and allergic rhinitis. Finally, timothy grass pollen at 8/9 years sensitization profile (5.3%) was related to respiratory allergic diseases, as was early onset and persistent sensitization profile (4.1%), this latter being also strongly associated with atopic dermatitis.Conclusions & clinical relevanceWe show that accurate assessment of the risk of allergic disease should rely on earliness and multiplicity of sensitization, involved allergens, and allergen-specific IgE levels, and not considering solely allergic sensitization as a dichotomous variable (allergen-specific IgE ≥0.35 kUA/L), as usually done. This is particularly striking for house dust mite. We are hopeful that, pending further confirmation in other populations, our findings will improve clinical practice as part of an approach to allergic disease prevention.

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Fish intake during pregnancy and the risk of child asthma and allergic rhinitis - longitudinal evidence from the Danish National Birth Cohort.

Publications

Fish intake during pregnancy and the risk of child asthma and allergic rhinitis - longitudinal evidence from the Danish National Birth Cohort.

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