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Common variants in and near IRS1 and subclinical cardiovascular disease in the Framingham Heart Study.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:Common variants at the 2q36.3-IRS1 locus are associated with insulin resistance (IR), type 2 diabetes (T2D) and coronary artery disease (CAD) in large-scale association studies. We tested the hypothesis that variants at this locus are associated with subclinical atherosclerosis traits. METHODS:We studied 2740 Framingham Heart Study participants (54.9% women; mean age 57.8 years) with measures of coronary artery or abdominal aortic calcium, internal and common carotid intima-media thickness, and ankle-brachial index (ABI). We tested 1) four SNPs previously shown to be associated with IR (rs2972146, rs2943650), T2D (rs2943641) or CAD (rs2943634) and 2) any SNP at 2q36.3-IRS1, for association with subclinical atherosclerosis traits, adjusting for atherosclerosis risk factors. We set type 1 error rate for test 1) as 0.05/5 traits = P < 0.01, and for test 2) as 0.05 divided by the effective number of independent tests, divided by 5 for the number of traits analyzed. RESULTS:We found no association between the four known SNPs and subclinical atherosclerosis, but identified one SNP (rs10167219, r(2) with rs2943634 = 0.07) at 2q36.3 that was significantly associated with ABI (corrected P = 0.009). However, rs10167219 was not associated with ABI (P = 0.70) in 35,404 participants in a published ABI association study. CONCLUSION:Common variants at the 2q36.3-IRS1 locus were not associated with subclinical atherosclerosis traits in this study which was adequately powered to find associations with moderate effect size. Although IR and T2D may be mechanistically linked to CAD via subclinical atherosclerosis, an alternate mechanism for the IR-T2D-CAD associations at 2q36.3-IRS1 must be postulated.

SUBMITTER: Lim S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4040123 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Common variants in and near IRS1 and subclinical cardiovascular disease in the Framingham Heart Study.

Lim Soo S Hong Jaeyoung J Liu Ching-Ti CT Hivert Marie-France MF White Charles C CC Murabito Joanne M JM O'Donnell Christopher J CJ Dupuis Josée J Florez Jose C JC Meigs James B JB

Atherosclerosis 20130422 1

<h4>Objective</h4>Common variants at the 2q36.3-IRS1 locus are associated with insulin resistance (IR), type 2 diabetes (T2D) and coronary artery disease (CAD) in large-scale association studies. We tested the hypothesis that variants at this locus are associated with subclinical atherosclerosis traits.<h4>Methods</h4>We studied 2740 Framingham Heart Study participants (54.9% women; mean age 57.8 years) with measures of coronary artery or abdominal aortic calcium, internal and common carotid int ...[more]

PMID: 23659870

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Project description:Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor. Identification of genetic risk factors for CVD is important to understand disease risk. Two recent genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analyses in the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) consortium detected CVD-associated loci.Variants identified in CHARGE were tested for association with CVD phenotypes, including vascular calcification, and conventional CVD risk factors, in the Diabetes Heart Study (DHS) (n?=?1208; >80% T2DM affected). This included 36 genotyped or imputed single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from DHS GWAS data. 28 coding SNPs from 14 top CHARGE genes were also identified from exome sequencing resources and genotyped, along with 209 coding variants from the Illumina HumanExome BeadChip genotype data in the DHS were also tested. Genetic risk scores (GRS) were calculated to evaluate the association of combinations of variants with CVD measures.After correction for multiple comparisons, none of the CHARGE SNPs were associated with vascular calcification (p?<?0.0014). Multiple SNPs showed nominal significance with calcification, including rs599839 (PSRC1, p?=?0.008), rs646776 (CELSR2, p?=?0.01), and rs17398575 (PIK3CG, p?=?0.009). Additional COL4A2 and CXCL12 SNPs were nominally associated with all-cause or CVD-cause mortality. Three SNPs were significantly or nominally associated with serum lipids: rs3135506 (Ser19Trp, APOA5) with triglycerides (TG) (p?=?5×10(-5)), LDL (p?=?0.00070), and nominally with high density lipoprotein (HDL) (p?=?0.0054); rs651821 (5'UTR, APOA5) with increased TGs (p?=?0.0008); rs13832449 (splice donor, APOC3) associated with decreased TGs (p?=?0.0015). Rs45456595 (CDKN2A, Gly63Arg), rs5128 (APOC3, 3'UTR), and rs72650673 (SH2B3, Glu400Lys) were nominally associated with history of CVD, subclinical CVD, or CVD risk factors (p?<?0.010). From the exome chip, rs3750103 (CHN2, His204Arg/His68Arg) with carotid intima-medial thickness (IMT) (p?=?3.9×10(-5)), and rs61937878 (HAL, Val549Met) with infra-renal abdominal aorta CP (AACP) (p?=?7.1×10(-5)). The unweighted GRS containing coronary artery calcified plaque (CAC) SNPs was nominally associated with history of prior CVD (p?=?0.033; OR?=?1.09). The weighted GRS containing SNPs was associated with CAC and myocardial infarction (MI) was associated with history of MI (p?=?0.026; OR?=?1.15).Genetic risk factors for subclinical CVD in the general population (CHARGE) were modestly associated with T2DM-related risk factors and CVD outcomes in the DHS.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its most common manifestations--including coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, heart failure (HF), and atrial fibrillation (AF)--are major causes of morbidity and mortality. In many industrialized countries, cardiovascular disease (CVD) claims more lives each year than any other disease. Heart disease and stroke are the first and third leading causes of death in the United States. Prior investigations have reported several single gene variants associated with CHD, stroke, HF, and AF. We report a community-based genome-wide association study of major CVD outcomes. METHODS:In 1345 Framingham Heart Study participants from the largest 310 pedigrees (54% women, mean age 33 years at entry), we analyzed associations of 70,987 qualifying SNPs (Affymetrix 100K GeneChip) to four major CVD outcomes: major atherosclerotic CVD (n = 142; myocardial infarction, stroke, CHD death), major CHD (n = 118; myocardial infarction, CHD death), AF (n = 151), and HF (n = 73). Participants free of the condition at entry were included in proportional hazards models. We analyzed model-based deviance residuals using generalized estimating equations to test associations between SNP genotypes and traits in additive genetic models restricted to autosomal SNPs with minor allele frequency > or =0.10, genotype call rate > or =0.80, and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium p-value > or = 0.001. RESULTS:Six associations yielded p < 10(-5). The lowest p-values for each CVD trait were as follows: major CVD, rs499818, p = 6.6 x 10(-6); major CHD, rs2549513, p = 9.7 x 10(-6); AF, rs958546, p = 4.8 x 10(-6); HF: rs740363, p = 8.8 x 10(-6). Of note, we found associations of a 13 Kb region on chromosome 9p21 with major CVD (p 1.7-1.9 x 10(-5)) and major CHD (p 2.5-3.5 x 10(-4)) that confirm associations with CHD in two recently reported genome-wide association studies. Also, rs10501920 in CNTN5 was associated with AF (p = 9.4 x 10(-6)) and HF (p = 1.2 x 10(-4)). Complete results for these phenotypes can be found at the dbgap website http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/projects/gap/cgi-bin/study.cgi?id=phs000007 webcite. CONCLUSION:No association attained genome-wide significance, but several intriguing findings emerged. Notably, we replicated associations of chromosome 9p21 with major CVD. Additional studies are needed to validate these results. Finding genetic variants associated with CVD may point to novel disease pathways and identify potential targeted preventive therapies.

Project description:Background and purposeNovel noninvasive measures of vascular function are emerging as subclinical markers for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and may be useful to predict CVD events. The purpose of our prospective study was to assess associations between digital peripheral arterial tonometry (PAT) measures and first-onset major CVD events in a sample of FHS (Framingham Heart Study) participants.MethodsUsing a fingertip PAT device, we assessed pulse amplitude in Framingham Offspring and Third Generation participants (n=3865; mean age, 55±14 years; 52% women) at baseline and in 30-second intervals for 4 minutes during reactive hyperemia. The PAT ratio (relative hyperemia index) was calculated as the post-to-pre occlusion pulse signal ratio in the occluded arm, relative to the same ratio in the control (nonoccluded) arm, and corrected for baseline vascular tone. Baseline pulse amplitude and PAT ratio during hyperemia are measures of pressure pulsatility and microvascular function in the finger, respectively. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to relate PAT measures in the fingertip to incident CVD events.ResultsDuring follow-up (median, 9.2 years; range, 0.04–10.0 years), 270 participants (7%) experienced new-onset CVD events (n=270). In multivariable models adjusted for cardiovascular risk factors, baseline pulse amplitude (hazard ratio [HR] per 1 SD, 1.04 [95% CI, 0.90–1.21]; P=0.57) and PAT ratio (HR, 0.95 [95% CI, 0.84–1.08]; P=0.43) were not significantly related to incident composite CVD events, including myocardial infarction or heart failure. However, higher PAT ratio (HR, 0.76 [95% CI, 0.61–0.94]; P=0.013), but not baseline pulse amplitude (HR, 1.15 [95% CI, 0.89–1.49]; P=0.29), was related to lower risk for incident stroke. In a sensitivity analysis by stroke subtype, higher PAT ratio was related to lower risk of incident ischemic stroke events (HR, 0.68 [95% CI, 0.53–0.86]; P=0.001).ConclusionsNovel digital PAT measures may represent a marker of stroke risk in the community.

Project description:Background Data are limited on the association of mildly reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR 60-89 mL/min per 1.73 m2) with cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the community. Methods and Results We evaluated 3066 Framingham Offspring Study participants (55% women, mean age 58 years), without clinical CVD. Using multivariable regression, we related categories of mildly reduced eGFR (80-89, 70-79, or 60-69 versus ≥90 mL/min per 1.73 m2 [referent]) to prevalent coronary artery calcium, carotid intima media thickness, and left ventricular hypertrophy, and to circulating concentrations of cardiac stress biomarkers. We related eGFR categories to CVD incidence and to progression to ≥Stage 3 chronic kidney disease (eGFR <60 mL/min per 1.73 m2) using Cox regression. Individuals with eGFR 60-69 mL/min per 1.73 m2 (n=320) had higher coronary artery calcium score (odds ratio 1.69; 95% CI 1.02-2.80) compared with the referent group. Individuals with eGFR 60-69 and 70-79 mL/min per 1.73 m2 had higher blood growth differentiating factor-15 concentrations (β=0.131 and 0.058 per unit-increase in log-biomarker, respectively). Participants with eGFR 60-69 and 80-89 mL/min per 1.73 m2 had higher blood B-type natriuretic peptide concentrations (β=0.119 and 0.116, respectively). On follow-up (median 16 years; 691 incident CVD and 252 chronic kidney disease events), individuals with eGFR 60-69 and 70-79 mL/min per 1.73 m2 experienced higher CVD incidence (hazard ratio [HR], 1.40; 95% CI, 1.02-1.93 and 1.45, 95% CI, 1.05-2.00, respectively, versus referent). Participants with eGFR 60-69 mL/min per 1.73 m2 experienced higher chronic kidney disease incidence (HR, 2.94; 95% CI, 1.80-4.78 versus referent). Conclusions Individuals with mildly reduced eGFR 60-69 mL/min per 1.73 m2 have a higher burden of subclinical atherosclerosis cross-sectionally, and a greater risk of CVD and chronic kidney disease progression prospectively. Additional studies are warranted to confirm our findings.

Dataset Information

Common variants in and near IRS1 and subclinical cardiovascular disease in the Framingham Heart Study.

Publications

Common variants in and near IRS1 and subclinical cardiovascular disease in the Framingham Heart Study.

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