Dataset Information

Site-Identification by Ligand Competitive Saturation (SILCS) assisted pharmacophore modeling.

ABSTRACT: Database screening using receptor-based pharmacophores is a computer-aided drug design technique that uses the structure of the target molecule (i.e. protein) to identify novel ligands that may bind to the target. Typically receptor-based pharmacophore modeling methods only consider a single or limited number of receptor conformations and map out the favorable binding patterns in vacuum or with a limited representation of the aqueous solvent environment, such that they may suffer from neglect of protein flexibility and desolvation effects. Site-Identification by Ligand Competitive Saturation (SILCS) is an approach that takes into account these, as well as other, properties to determine 3-dimensional maps of the functional group-binding patterns on a target receptor (i.e. FragMaps). In this study, a method to use the FragMaps to automatically generate receptor-based pharmacophore models is presented. It converts the FragMaps into SILCS pharmacophore features including aromatic, aliphatic, hydrogen-bond donor and acceptor chemical functionalities. The method generates multiple pharmacophore hypotheses that are then quantitatively ranked using SILCS grid free energies. The pharmacophore model generation protocol is validated using three different protein targets, including using the resulting models in virtual screening. Improved performance and efficiency of the SILCS derived pharmacophore models as compared to published docking studies, as well as a recently developed receptor-based pharmacophore modeling method is shown, indicating the potential utility of the approach in rational drug design.

SUBMITTER: Yu W

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4048638 | biostudies-literature | 2014 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Site-Identification by Ligand Competitive Saturation (SILCS) assisted pharmacophore modeling.

Yu Wenbo W Lakkaraju Sirish Kaushik SK Raman E Prabhu EP MacKerell Alexander D AD

Journal of computer-aided molecular design 20140308 5

Database screening using receptor-based pharmacophores is a computer-aided drug design technique that uses the structure of the target molecule (i.e. protein) to identify novel ligands that may bind to the target. Typically receptor-based pharmacophore modeling methods only consider a single or limited number of receptor conformations and map out the favorable binding patterns in vacuum or with a limited representation of the aqueous solvent environment, such that they may suffer from neglect of ...[more]

PMID: 24610239

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Project description:BackgroundFragment-based ligand design is used for the development of novel ligands that target macromolecules, most notably proteins. Central to its success is the identification of fragment binding sites that are spatially adjacent such that fragments occupying those sites may be linked to create drug-like ligands. Current experimental and computational approaches that address this problem typically identify only a limited number of sites as well as use a limited number of fragment types.MethodsThe site-identification by ligand competitive saturation (SILCS) approach is extended to the identification of fragment bindings sites, with the method termed SILCS-Hotspots. The approach involves precomputation of the SILCS FragMaps following which the identification of Hotspots, performed by identifying of all possible fragment binding sites on the full 3D structure of the protein followed by spatial clustering.ResultsThe SILCS-Hotspots approach identifies a large number of sites on the target protein, including many sites not accessible in experimental structures due to low binding affinities and binding sites on the protein interior. The identified sites are shown to recapitulate the location of known drug-like molecules in both allosteric and orthosteric binding sites on seven proteins including the androgen receptor, the CDK2 and Erk5 kinases, PTP1B phosphatase and three GPCRs; the β2-adrenergic, GPR40 fatty-acid binding and M2-muscarinic receptors. Analysis indicates the importance of considering all possible fragment binding sites, and not just those accessible to experimental methods, when identifying novel binding sites and performing ligand design versus just considering the most favorable sites. The approach is shown to identify a larger number of known binding sites of drug-like molecules versus the commonly used FTMap and Fpocket methods.General significanceThe present results indicate the potential utility of the SILCS-Hotspots approach for fragment-based rational design of ligands, including allosteric modulators.

Dataset Information

Site-Identification by Ligand Competitive Saturation (SILCS) assisted pharmacophore modeling.

Publications

Site-Identification by Ligand Competitive Saturation (SILCS) assisted pharmacophore modeling.

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