Dataset Information

Development of pedigree classification using microsatellite and mitochondrial markers for Giant grouper broodstock (Epinephelus lanceolatus) management in Taiwan.

ABSTRACT: Most giant groupers in the market are derived from inbred stock. Inbreeding can cause trait depression, compromising the animals' fitness and disease resistance, obligating farmers to apply increased amounts of drugs. In order to solve this problem, a pedigree classification method is needed. Here, microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA were used as genetic markers to analyze the genetic relationships among giant grouper broodstocks. The 776-bp fragment of high polymorphic mitochondrial D-loop sequence was selected for measuring sibling relatedness. In a sample of 118 giant groupers, 42 haplotypes were categorized, with nucleotide diversity (?) of 0.00773 and haplotype diversity (HD) of 0.983. Furthermore, microsatellites were used for investigation of parentage. Six out of 33 microsatellite loci were selected as markers based on having a high number of alleles and compliance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Microsatellite profiles based on these loci provide high variability with low combined non-exclusion probability, permitting practical use in aquaculture. The method described here could be used to improve grouper broodstock management and lower the chances of inbreeding. This approach is expected to lead to production of higher quality groupers with higher disease resistance, thereby reducing the need for drug application.

SUBMITTER: Kuo HC

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4052296 | biostudies-literature | 2014 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Development of pedigree classification using microsatellite and mitochondrial markers for Giant grouper broodstock (Epinephelus lanceolatus) management in Taiwan.

Kuo Hsiao-Che HC Hsu Hao-Hsuan HH Chua Chee Shin CS Wang Ting-Yu TY Chen Young-Mao YM Chen Tzong-Yueh TY

Marine drugs 20140430 5

Most giant groupers in the market are derived from inbred stock. Inbreeding can cause trait depression, compromising the animals' fitness and disease resistance, obligating farmers to apply increased amounts of drugs. In order to solve this problem, a pedigree classification method is needed. Here, microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA were used as genetic markers to analyze the genetic relationships among giant grouper broodstocks. The 776-bp fragment of high polymorphic mitochondrial D-loop seq ...[more]

PMID: 24796300

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Project description:As an important protein source, soybean products can cause intestinal inflammation and injury in many animals including human beings, particularly infants and juvenile individuals. Research in this field has been performed for terrestrial animals and fish, but still lacks integrity and systematicness. In this study, the main biological processes in the intestinal tract of marine fish juvenile pearl gentian grouper in the state of soybean meal-induced enteritis (SBMIE) were analyzed. A total of 720 groupers with an approximate initial weight of 12.5 g were randomly divided into three groups: the fish meal (FM) control group, the 20% SBM group (SBM20), and the SBM40 group (n = 4). Three iso-nitrogenous and iso-lipidic diets were prepared and fed to fish for 10 weeks. Each barrel contained a water volume of about 1 m3 in and was exposed to natural light and temperature. Results indicated that the growth and physiology of groupers fed with SBM were significantly negatively affected, with the gene expressions of intestinal structural protein abnormal. 16SrDNA high-throughput sequencing showed that the intestinal microflora played an important role in the pathogenesis of pearl gentian grouper SBMIE, which may activate a variety of pathogen pattern recognition receptors, such as toll-like receptors (TLRs), RIG-I-like receptors, and nod-like receptors. Transcriptome analysis revealed that changes of the SBMIE signaling pathway in pearl gentian groupers were conservative to some extent than that of terrestrial animals and freshwater fish. Moreover, the TLRs-nuclear factor kappa-B signaling pathway becomes activated, which played an important role in SBMIE. Meanwhile, the signal pathways related to nutrient absorption and metabolism were generally inhibited. Metabolomics analysis showed that isoflavones and saponins accounted for a large proportion in the potential biomarkers of pearl gentian grouper SBMIE, and most of the biomarkers had significantly positive or negative correlations with each other; 56 metabolites were exchanged between intestinal tissues and contents, which may play an important role in the development of enteritis, including unsaturated fatty acids, organic acids, amino acids, vitamins, small peptides, and nucleotides, etc. These results provide a basic theoretical reference for solving the intestinal issues of fish SBMIE and research of inflammatory bowel disease in mammals.

Project description:Iso-nitrogenous and iso-lipidic diets containing 0%, 3%, 6%, 9%, and 12% hydrolyzed porcine mucosa (namely, HPM0, HPM3, HPM6, HPM9, and HPM12) were prepared to evaluate their effects on the growth performance, muscle nutrition composition, texture property, and gene expression related to muscle growth of hybrid groupers (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus ♂). Groupers were fed to apparent satiation at 08:00 and 16:00 every day for a total of 56 days. It was found that the weight gain percentage in the HPM0, HPM3, and HPM6 groups did not differ (P > 0.05). The cooking loss and drip loss of the dorsal muscle in the HPM3 group were lower than those in the HPM6 and HPM9 groups (P < 0.05). The hardness and chewiness of the dorsal muscle in the HPM3 group were higher than those in the HPM0, HPM9, and HPM12 groups (P < 0.05). The gumminess in the HPM3 group was higher than that in the HPM9 and HPM12 groups (P < 0.05). The total essential amino acid content of the dorsal muscle in the HPM12 group was higher than that in the HPM0 group (P < 0.05). The contents of total n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid and total n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acid, as well as the ratio of n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid in the dorsal muscle was higher in the HPM0 group than in all other groups (P < 0.05). The relative expressions of gene myogenic factor 5, myocyte enhancer factor 2c, myocyte enhancer factor 2a, myosin heavy chain, transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1), and follistatin (FST) were the highest in the dorsal muscle of the HPM3 group. The results indicated that the growth performance of hybrid grouper fed a diet with 6% HPM and 27% fish meal was as good as that of the HPM0 group. When fish ingested a diet containing 3% HPM, the expression of genes TGF-β1 and FST involved in muscle growth were upregulated, and then the muscle quality related to hardness and chewiness were improved. An appropriate amount of HPM could be better used in grouper feed.

Dataset Information

Development of pedigree classification using microsatellite and mitochondrial markers for Giant grouper broodstock (Epinephelus lanceolatus) management in Taiwan.

Publications

Development of pedigree classification using microsatellite and mitochondrial markers for Giant grouper broodstock (Epinephelus lanceolatus) management in Taiwan.

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