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Allosteric switching of agonist/antagonist activity by a single point mutation in the interluekin-1 receptor antagonist, IL-1Ra.

ABSTRACT: The pleiotropic pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1? has co-evolved with a competitive inhibitor, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra). IL-1? initiates cell signaling by binding the IL-1 receptor (IL-1R) whereas IL-1Ra acts as an antagonist, blocking receptor signaling. The current paradigm for agonist/antagonist functions for these two proteins is based on the receptor-ligand interaction observed in the crystal structures of the receptor-ligand complexes. While IL-1Ra and IL-1? are structurally homologous, IL-1Ra engages only two of the three extracellular domains of the receptor, whereas IL-1? engages all three. We find that an allosteric functional switch exists within a highly conserved pocket of residues, residues 111-120. This region is maintained across all IL-1 family members and serves as a hydrophobic mini-core for IL-1? folding. A key difference across species is a conserved aromatic residue at position 117 in IL-1?, versus a conserved cysteine in IL-1Ra at the analogous position, 116. We find that the replacement of C116 with a phenylalanine switches the protein from an antagonist to an agonist despite the distant location of C116 relative to receptor interaction sites. These results suggest new ways to develop designer cytokine activity into the ?-trefoil fold and may be of general use in regulation of this large family of signaling proteins.

SUBMITTER: Hailey KL

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4059520 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Allosteric switching of agonist/antagonist activity by a single point mutation in the interluekin-1 receptor antagonist, IL-1Ra.

Hailey Kendra L KL Capraro Dominique T DT Barkho Sulyman S Jennings Patricia A PA

Journal of molecular biology 20130315 13

The pleiotropic pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1β has co-evolved with a competitive inhibitor, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra). IL-1β initiates cell signaling by binding the IL-1 receptor (IL-1R) whereas IL-1Ra acts as an antagonist, blocking receptor signaling. The current paradigm for agonist/antagonist functions for these two proteins is based on the receptor-ligand interaction observed in the crystal structures of the receptor-ligand complexes. While IL-1Ra and IL-1β are struct ...[more]

PMID: 23499887

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Project description:BackgroundErbB4/HER4 is a unique member of the ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases concerning its activation of anti-proliferative JAK2-STAT5 pathway when stimulated by ligand Neuregulin (NRG). Activation of this pathway leads to expression of genes like ?-casein which promote cell differentiation. Recent experimental studies on mouse HC11 mammary epithelial cells stimulated by ligand Neuregulin (NRG) showed a time-dependent switching behavior in the ?-casein expression. This behavior cannot be explained using currently available mechanistic models of the JAK-STAT pathway. We constructed an improved mechanistic model which introduces two crucial modifications to the canonical HER4-JAK2-STAT5 pathway based on literature findings. These modifications include competitive HER4 heterodimerization with other members of the ErbB family and a slower JAK2 independent activation STAT5 through HER4. We also performed global sensitivity analysis on the model to test the robustness of the predictions and parameter combinations that are sensitive to the outcome.ResultsOur model was able to reproduce the time-dependent switching behavior of ?-casein and also establish that the modifications mentioned above to the canonical JAK-STAT pathway are necessary to reproduce this behavior. The sensitivity studies show that the competitive HER4 heterodimerization reactions have a profound impact on the sensitivity of the pathway to NRG stimulation, while the slower JAK2-independent pathway is necessary for the late stage promotion of ?-casein mRNA transcription. The difference in the time scales of the JAK-dependent and JAK-independent pathways was found to be the main contributing factor to the time-dependent switch. The transport rates controlling activated STAT5 dimer nuclear import and ?-casein mRNA export to cytoplasm affected the time delay between NRG stimulation and peak ?-casein mRNA activity.ConclusionThis study highlights the effect of competitive and parallel reaction pathways on both short and long-term dynamics of receptor-mediated signaling. It provides robust and testable predictions of the dynamical behavior of the HER4 mediated JAK-STAT pathway which could be useful in designing treatments for various cancers where this pathway is activated/altered.

Dataset Information

Allosteric switching of agonist/antagonist activity by a single point mutation in the interluekin-1 receptor antagonist, IL-1Ra.

Publications

Allosteric switching of agonist/antagonist activity by a single point mutation in the interluekin-1 receptor antagonist, IL-1Ra.

Similar Datasets

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