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Lithium chloride suppresses colorectal cancer cell survival and proliferation through ROS/GSK-3?/NF-?B signaling pathway.

ABSTRACT: Glycogen synthase kinase-3? (GSK-3?), a serine/threonine protein kinase, has been regarded as a potential therapeutic target for multiple human cancers. In addition, oxidative stress is closely related to all aspects of cancer. We sought to determine the biological function of lithium, one kind of GSK-3? inhibitors, in the process of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in colorectal cancer. In this study, we analyzed the cell apoptosis and proliferation by cell viability, EdU, and flow cytometry assays through administration of LiCl. We used polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting to establish the effect of GSK-3? inhibition on the nuclear factor-?B (NF-?B) pathway. Results showed administration of LiCl increased apoptosis and the level of ROS in colorectal cancer cells. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms could be mediated by the reduction of NF-?B expression and NF-?B-mediated transcription. Taken together, our results demonstrated that therapeutic targeting of ROS/GSK-3?/NF-?B pathways may be an effective way for colorectal cancer intervention, although further preclinical and clinical testing are desirable.

SUBMITTER: Li H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4070474 | biostudies-literature | 2014

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Lithium chloride suppresses colorectal cancer cell survival and proliferation through ROS/GSK-3β/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Li Huili H Huang Kun K Liu Xinghua X Liu Jinlin J Lu Xiaoming X Tao Kaixiong K Wang Guobin G Wang Jiliang J

Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity 20140605

Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β), a serine/threonine protein kinase, has been regarded as a potential therapeutic target for multiple human cancers. In addition, oxidative stress is closely related to all aspects of cancer. We sought to determine the biological function of lithium, one kind of GSK-3β inhibitors, in the process of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in colorectal cancer. In this study, we analyzed the cell apoptosis and proliferation by cell viability, EdU, and flow cyto ...[more]

PMID: 25002914

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Project description:Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer?associated mortality. Asiaticoside (AC) exhibits antitumor effects; however, to the best of our knowledge, the biological function of AC in CRC cells remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of AC on CRC cells. In the present study, CCK?8 and colony formation assays were performed to assess the effects of AV on human CRC cell lines (HCT116, SW480 and LoVo). Mitochondrial membrane potential was examined by JC?1 staining. Cell apoptosis and cell cycle were monitored by flow cytometry, and the expression of genes was evaluated using RT?qPCR and western blot analysis. Furthermore, the biological effect of AC in vivo was detected using a xenograft mouse model. The findings revealed that 2 µM AC suppressed the proliferation of CRC cells in a time? and dose?dependent manner, but had no adverse effects on normal human intestinal FHC cells at a range of concentrations. AC decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential and increased the apoptosis of CRC cells in a dose?dependent manner. Furthermore, AC induced cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase. AC attenuated I?B? phosphorylation in a dose?dependent manner, thereby preventing P65 from entering the nucleus, and resulting in inhibition of the NF??B signaling pathway. In addition, AC significantly reduced the expression of CDK4 and Cyclin D1 in a dose?dependent manner, significantly upregulated the activation of caspase?9 and caspase?3, and decreased the Bcl?2/Bax mRNA ratio. Furthermore, treatment with the NF??B signaling pathway inhibitor JSH?23 significantly increased the cytotoxicity of AC in CRC cells. Findings of the xenograft mice model experiments revealed that AC significantly inhibited colorectal tumor growth in a dose?dependent manner. Overall, AC suppressed activation of the NF??B signaling pathway by downregulating I?B? phosphorylation. This resulted in inhibition of CRC cell viability and an increase of cell apoptosis, which may form the basis of AC use in the treatment of patients with CRC.

Dataset Information

Lithium chloride suppresses colorectal cancer cell survival and proliferation through ROS/GSK-3?/NF-?B signaling pathway.

Publications

Lithium chloride suppresses colorectal cancer cell survival and proliferation through ROS/GSK-3β/NF-κB signaling pathway.

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