Dataset Information

Seasonal pattern of hepatitis E virus prevalence in swine in two different geographical areas of China.

ABSTRACT: We studied seasonal patterns of swine hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection in China. From 2008 to 2011, 4200 swine bile specimens were collected for the detection of HEV RNA. A total of 92/2400 (3·83%) specimens in eastern China and 47/1800 (2·61%) specimens in southwestern China were positive for HEV. Seasonal patterns differing by geographical area were suggested. In eastern China, the major peak of HEV RNA prevalence was during March-April, with a minor peak during September-October, and a dip during July-August. In southwestern China, the peak was during September-October and the dip during March-April. The majority of subtype 4a cases (63/82, 76·83%) were detected in the first half of the year, while the majority of subtype 4b cases (26/29, 89·66%) were concentrated in the second half of the year, suggesting that different subtypes contribute to different peaks. Our results indicate that the distribution of HEV subtypes is associated with seasonal patterns.

SUBMITTER: Lu YH

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4071111 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Seasonal pattern of hepatitis E virus prevalence in swine in two different geographical areas of China.

Lu Y H YH Qian H Z HZ Hu A Q AQ Qin X X Jiang Q W QW Zheng Y J YJ

Epidemiology and infection 20130206 11

We studied seasonal patterns of swine hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection in China. From 2008 to 2011, 4200 swine bile specimens were collected for the detection of HEV RNA. A total of 92/2400 (3·83%) specimens in eastern China and 47/1800 (2·61%) specimens in southwestern China were positive for HEV. Seasonal patterns differing by geographical area were suggested. In eastern China, the major peak of HEV RNA prevalence was during March-April, with a minor peak during September-October, and a dip d ...[more]

PMID: 23388392

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundTuberculosis (TB) has contributed to a significant disease burden and economic loss worldwide. Given no gold standard for diagnosis, early identification of TB infection has been challenging. This study aimed to comparatively investigate the prevalence of TB across diagnostic approaches (sputum AFB, sputum culture, sputum genetic test, and chest x-ray) and geographical areas of Indonesia.MethodsParticipant demographic variables and TB screening test results were obtained from the Tuberculosis Unit, Health Research and Development Agency, Ministry of Health (HRDA-MoH). The prevalence of pulmonary TB in populations aged 15 years and over was calculated using TB cases as a numerator and populations aged 15 years and over as a denominator. Variations across geographical areas and diagnostic approaches were expressed as prevalence and 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsA total of 67,944 records were reviewed. Based on bacteriological evidence, the prevalence of TB per 100,000 in Indonesia was 759 (95% CI: 589.7-960.8) with variations across areas: 913 (95% CI 696.7-1,176.7; Sumatra), 593 (95% CI 447.2-770.6; Java-Bali), and 842 (95% CI 634.7-1,091.8; other islands). Also, the prevalence of TB varied across diagnostic approaches: 256.5 (sputum AFB), 545 (sputum culture), 752.2 (chest x-ray), and 894.9 (sputum genetic test). Based on sputum AFB, the TB prevalence varied from 216.6 (95% CI 146.5-286.8; Java-Bali), 259.9 (95% CI 184.2-335.6; other islands) to 307.4 (95% CI 208.3-406.5; Sumatra). Based on sputum culture, the TB prevalence ranged from 487.9 (95% CI 433.6-548.6; Java-Bali), 635.9 (95% CI 564.9-715.1; Sumatra), to 2,129.8 (95% CI 1,664.0-2,735.6; other islands). Based on chest x-ray, the TB prevalence varied from 152.1 (95% CI 147.9-156.3; Java-Bali), 159.2 (95% CI 154.1-164.3; Sumatra), to 864 (95% CI 809-921.4; other islands). Based on sputum genetic test, the TB prevalence ranged from 838.7 (95% CI 748.4-900.8; Java-Bali), 875 (95% CI 775.4-934.2; Sumatra), to 941.2 (95% CI 663.6-992.3; other islands).ConclusionsThe variation of TB prevalence across geographical regions could be confounded by the diagnostic approaches.Trial registrationThis study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Chulalongkorn University (IRB No. 684/63).

Project description:China has implemented a free-service policy for tuberculosis. However, patients still have to pay a substantial proportion of their annual income for treatment of this disease. This study describes the economic burden on patients with tuberculosis; identifies related factors by comparing two areas with different management models; and provides policy recommendation for tuberculosis control reform in China.There are three tuberculosis management models in China: the tuberculosis dispensary model, specialist model and integrated model. We selected Zhangjiagang (ZJG) and Taixing (TX) as the study sites, which correspond to areas implementing the integrated model and dispensary model, respectively. Patients diagnosed and treated for tuberculosis since January 2010 were recruited as study subjects. A total of 590 patients (316 patients from ZJG and 274 patients from TX) were interviewed with a response rate of 81%. The economic burden attributed to tuberculosis, including direct costs and indirect costs, was estimated and compared between the two study sites. The Mann-Whitney U Test was used to compare the cost differences between the two groups. Potential factors related to the total out-of-pocket costs were analyzed based on a step-by-step multivariate linear regression model after the logarithmic transformation of the costs.The average (median, interquartile range) total cost was 18793.33 (9965, 3200-24400) CNY for patients in ZJG, which was significantly higher than for patients in TX (mean: 6598.33, median: 2263, interquartile range: 983-6688) (Z = 10.42, P < 0.001). After excluding expenses covered by health insurance, the average out-of-pocket costs were 14304.4 CNY in ZJG and 5639.2 CNY in TX. Based on the multivariable linear regression analysis, factors related to the total out-of-pocket costs were study site, age, number of clinical visits, residence, diagnosis delay, hospitalization, intake of liver protective drugs and use of the second-line drugs.Under the current "free of diagnosis and treatment" policy, the financial burden remains heavy on tuberculosis patients. Policy makers need to consider appropriate steps to lessen the burden of out-of-pocket costs for tuberculosis patients in China and how best to improve service delivery for poor patients.

Dataset Information

Seasonal pattern of hepatitis E virus prevalence in swine in two different geographical areas of China.

Publications

Seasonal pattern of hepatitis E virus prevalence in swine in two different geographical areas of China.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets