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Diphtheria-like disease caused by toxigenic Corynebacterium ulcerans strain.

ABSTRACT:

SUBMITTER: Sangal V

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4073863 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Toxigenic Corynebacterium ulcerans in human and non-toxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae in cat.

Project description:Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Corynebacterium ulcerans are rarely isolated from clinical samples in Belgium. A case of toxigenic C. ulcerans in a woman is described, which confirms that this pathogen is still present. During investigation of the patient's cats, only a non-toxigenic toxin-bearing C. diphtheriae strain was detected.

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Case Report: Toxigenic <i>Corynebacterium ulcerans</i> Diphtheria-Like Infection in a Horse in the United Kingdom.

Project description:Corynebacterium ulcerans (C. ulcerans) may cause diphtheria in humans and can be carried by a wide range of animal species including dairy cows and, more recently, dogs and cats that have been increasingly involved in zoonotic trasmission. We isolated and characterized, by WGS, a toxigenic C. ulcerans strain from a diseased horse in the United Kingdom showing clinical signs of respiratory diphtheria comparable to those seen in people. Our results indicate a role for horses as reservoirs for zoonotic C. ulcerans.

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Pigs as source for toxigenic Corynebacterium ulcerans.

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Eosinophilic granuloma with Splendore-Hoeppli material caused by toxigenic Corynebacterium ulcerans in a heifer.

Project description:Raised lesions were present on the left nasal vestibule of a 20-month-old Japanese Brown heifer. The largest mass which caused partial nasal obstruction was removed surgically. Corynebacterium ulcerans was identified in the mass. 16S ribosomal RNA and RNA polymerase beta subunit genes were 100% and 98% identical to other C. ulcerans strains. Histologically, multiple foci of eosinophilic granuloma with Splendore-Hoeppli material were seen. Rod-shaped Gram-positive organisms were detected with metachromatic granules, producing diphtheria toxin with 5, 30 and 48 amino acid differences to another C. ulcerans strain, C. diphtheriae or C. pseudotuberculosis, respectively. The toxin is highly cytotoxic and may be responsible for the formation of abundant Splendore-Hoeppli material. The lesion was therefore judged to be an allergic reaction to bacterial antigens or diphtheria toxin.

| S-EPMC4108783 | biostudies-literature

Draft Genome Sequence of Toxigenic Corynebacterium ulcerans Strain 03-8664 Isolated from a Human Throat.

Project description:Corynebacterium ulcerans is an emergent pathogen infecting wild and domesticated animals worldwide that may serve as reservoirs for zoonotic infections. In this study, we present the draft genome of C. ulcerans strain 03-8664. The draft genome has 2,428,683 bp, 2,262 coding sequences, and 12 rRNA genes.

| S-EPMC4966460 | biostudies-literature

Complete Genome Sequence of Corynebacterium ulcerans Strain TSU-28, Harboring Two Diphtheria Toxin Genes, Isolated from a Patient with Diphtheria-Like Symptoms.

Project description:Diphtheria toxin-producing Corynebacterium ulcerans is an emerging zoonotic pathogen that causes severe disease in humans. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of C. ulcerans strain TSU-28, harboring two diphtheria toxin genes, which was isolated from the throat of a patient with diphtheria-like symptoms in 2019 in Japan.

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Rapid detection and molecular differentiation of toxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Corynebacterium ulcerans strains by LightCycler PCR.

Project description:The systemic symptoms of diphtheria are caused by the tox-encoded diphtheria toxin (DT) which is produced by toxigenic Corynebacterium spp. Besides the classical agent C. diphtheriae, the zoonotic pathogen C. ulcerans has increasingly been reported as an emerging pathogen for diphtheria. The reliable detection of toxigenic Corynebacterium spp. is of substantial importance for both diphtheria surveillance in the public health sector and the clinical workup of a patient with diphtherialike symptoms. Since the respective tox genes of C. diphtheriae and C. ulcerans differ from each other in both DNA and amino acid sequence, both tox genes should be covered by novel real-time PCR methods. We describe the development and validation of a LightCycler PCR assay which reliably recognizes tox genes from both C. diphtheriae and C. ulcerans and differentiates the respective target genes by fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) hybridization probe melting curve analysis.

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Respiratory Illness Caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae and C. ulcerans, and Use of Diphtheria Antitoxin in the United States, 1996-2018.

Project description:BackgroundRespiratory diphtheria is a toxin-mediated disease caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Diphtheria-like illness, clinically indistinguishable from diphtheria, is caused by Corynebacterium ulcerans, a zoonotic bacterium that can also produce diphtheria toxin. In the United States, respiratory diphtheria is nationally notifiable: specimens from suspected cases are submitted to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for species and toxin confirmation, and diphtheria antitoxin (DAT) is obtained from CDC for treatment. We summarize the epidemiology of respiratory diphtheria and diphtheria-like illness and describe DAT use during 1996-2018 in the United States.MethodsWe described respiratory diphtheria cases reported to the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS) and C. ulcerans-related diphtheria-like illness identified through specimen submissions to CDC during 1996-2018. We reviewed DAT requests from 1997 to 2018.ResultsFrom 1996 to 2018, 14 respiratory diphtheria cases were reported to NNDSS. Among these 14 cases, 1 was toxigenic and 3 were nontoxigenic C. diphtheriae by culture and Elek, 6 were culture-negative but polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-positive for diphtheria toxin gene, 1 was culture-positive without further testing, and the remaining 3 were either not tested or tested negative. Five cases of respiratory diphtheria-like illness caused by toxigenic C. ulcerans were identified. DAT was requested by healthcare providers for 151 suspected diphtheria cases between 1997 and 2018, with an average of 11 requests per year from 1997 to 2007, and 3 per year from 2008 to 2018.ConclusionsRespiratory diphtheria remains rare in the United States, and requests for DAT have declined. Incidental identification of C. ulcerans-related diphtheria-like illness suggests surveillance of this condition might be warranted.

| S-EPMC8876369 | biostudies-literature

Genome Sequence of Corynebacterium ulcerans Strain 210932.

Project description:In this work, we present the complete genome sequence of Corynebacterium ulcerans strain 210932, isolated from a human. The species is an emergent pathogen that infects a variety of wild and domesticated animals and humans. It is associated with a growing number of cases of a diphtheria-like disease around the world.

| S-EPMC4246169 | biostudies-literature

Genome Sequence of Corynebacterium ulcerans Strain FRC11.

Project description:Here, we present the genome sequence of Corynebacterium ulcerans strain FRC11. The genome includes one circular chromosome of 2,442,826 bp (53.35% G+C content), and 2,210 genes were predicted, 2,146 of which are putative protein-coding genes, with 12 rRNAs and 51 tRNAs; 1 pseudogene was also identified.

| S-EPMC4357763 | biostudies-literature

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