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Protective effects of a nicotinamide derivative, isonicotinamide, against streptozotocin-induced ?-cell damage and diabetes in mice.

ABSTRACT: Nicotinamide rescues ?-cell damage and diabetes in rodents, but a large-scale clinical trial failed to show the benefit of nicotinamide in the prevention of type 1 diabetes. Recent studies have shown that Sirt1 deacetylase, a putative protector of ?-cells, is inhibited by nicotinamide. We investigated the effects of isonicotinamide, which is a derivative of nicotinamide and does not inhibit Sirt1, on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in mice.Male C57BL/6 mice were administered with three different doses of STZ (65, 75, and 100 mg/kg BW) alone or in combination with subsequent high-fat feeding. The mice were treated with isonicotinamide (250 mg/kg BW/day) or phosphate-buffered saline for 10 days. The effects of isonicotinamide on STZ-induced diabetes were assessed by blood glucose levels, glucose tolerance test, and immunohistochemistry.Isonicotinamide effectively prevented hyperglycemia induced by higher doses of STZ (75 and 100mg/kg BW) alone and low-dose STZ (65 mg/kg BW) followed by 6-week high-fat diet in mice. The protective effects of isonicotinamide were associated with decreased apoptosis of ?-cells and reductions in both insulin content and insulin-positive area in the pancreas of STZ-administered mice. In addition, isonicotinamide inhibited STZ-induced apoptosis in cultured isolated islets.These data clearly demonstrate that isonicotinamide exerts anti-diabetogenic effects by preventing ?-cell damage after STZ administration. These findings warrant further investigations on the protective effects of isonicotinamide and related compounds against ?-cell damage in diabetes.

SUBMITTER: Fukaya M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4084867 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Protective effects of a nicotinamide derivative, isonicotinamide, against streptozotocin-induced β-cell damage and diabetes in mice.

Fukaya Makiko M Tamura Yoshiaki Y Chiba Yuko Y Tanioka Toshihiro T Mao Ji J Inoue Yoko Y Yamada Marina M Waeber Christian C Ido-Kitamura Yukari Y Kitamura Tadahiro T Kaneki Masao M

Biochemical and biophysical research communications 20131115 1-2

<h4>Objective</h4>Nicotinamide rescues β-cell damage and diabetes in rodents, but a large-scale clinical trial failed to show the benefit of nicotinamide in the prevention of type 1 diabetes. Recent studies have shown that Sirt1 deacetylase, a putative protector of β-cells, is inhibited by nicotinamide. We investigated the effects of isonicotinamide, which is a derivative of nicotinamide and does not inhibit Sirt1, on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in mice.<h4>Research design and methods< ...[more]

PMID: 24246675

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Project description:ObjectiveUltraviolet light is an important environmental factor that induces skin oxidation, inflammation, and other diseases. Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) has the effect of anti-oxidation and improving various physiological processes. This study explores the protective effect of NMN monomers given via intraperitoneal injection on UVB-induced photodamage.MethodsWe used a murine model of UVB-induced photodamage to evaluate the effect of an NMN monomer on photoaging skin by assessing skin and liver tissue sections, serum and skin oxidative stress levels, inflammatory markers, mRNA expression, and protein expression of skin- and liver-related genes.ResultsThe results showed that NMN treatment blocked UVB-induced photodamage in mice, maintaining normal structure and amount of collagen fibers, normal thickness of epidermis and dermis, reducing the production of mast cells, and maintaining complete organized skin structure. NMN intraperitoneal injection also maintained the normal morphology of the mouse liver after UVB exposure. Meanwhile, NMN intraperitoneal injection was found to increase antioxidant ability and regulate the proinflammatory response of the skin and liver to UVB irradiation by enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, release of anti-inflammatory cytokines, reduction of hydrogen peroxide production (H2O2), and decreased inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, RT-qPCR results indicated that NMN reduced oxidative stress of skin and liver by promoting the activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway and further increasing the expression of downstream antioxidant genes of AMPK. RT-qPCR results also revealed that NMN treatment could downregulate the mRNA expression of interleukin (IL)-6, interleukin (IL)-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and upregulate NF-kappa-B inhibitor-α (IκB-α) and interleukin (IL)-10 by inhibiting the activation of nuclear factor-κBp65 (NFκB-p65). Finally, NMN upregulated AMPK, IκB-α, SOD1, and CAT in the skin and downregulated NF-κBp65 protein expression, which is in line with the RT-qPCR results.ConclusionBased on the above results, NMN monomer treatment with intraperitoneal injection also block the photodamage caused by UVB irradiation in mice by regulating the oxidative stress response and inflammatory response.

Dataset Information

Protective effects of a nicotinamide derivative, isonicotinamide, against streptozotocin-induced ?-cell damage and diabetes in mice.

Publications

Protective effects of a nicotinamide derivative, isonicotinamide, against streptozotocin-induced β-cell damage and diabetes in mice.

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