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Dimensions of Oppositional Defiant Disorder in young children: heterotypic continuity with anxiety and depression.

ABSTRACT: There are distinct dimensions of Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) that have been associated with symptoms of other disorders (heterotypic continuity). The present study compared the heterotypic continuity of a two-factor (Pitt-2) model and the three-factor model incorporated into DSM-5 with symptoms of anxiety and depression. Participants were a diverse community sample of 796 children (38.8 % minority, 49.1 % boys) assessed at ages 4, 5 and 6 years. Symptoms were assessed with the dimensional scales of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children-Young Child version and the Child Symptom Inventory. Dimensions of both the two- and three-factor DSM-5 models were associated with later symptoms of anxiety and depression. The association, however, was weak when accounting for initial levels of internalizing symptoms: thus there was little evidence for the unique contributions of ODD dimensions to symptoms of subsequent internalizing disorders for either model.

SUBMITTER: Lavigne JV

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4090253 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Dimensions of Oppositional Defiant Disorder in young children: heterotypic continuity with anxiety and depression.

Lavigne John V JV Gouze Karen R KR Bryant Fred B FB Hopkins Joyce J

Journal of abnormal child psychology 20140801 6

There are distinct dimensions of Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) that have been associated with symptoms of other disorders (heterotypic continuity). The present study compared the heterotypic continuity of a two-factor (Pitt-2) model and the three-factor model incorporated into DSM-5 with symptoms of anxiety and depression. Participants were a diverse community sample of 796 children (38.8 % minority, 49.1 % boys) assessed at ages 4, 5 and 6 years. Symptoms were assessed with the dimensiona ...[more]

PMID: 24497230

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Project description:ImportanceAn association between perinatal maternal depression and risk of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) in offspring has not been established. Identifying early determinants of ODD can help inform preventative intervention efforts.ObjectiveTo investigate the association between maternal perinatal depressive symptoms and the risk of ODD in offspring aged 7 to 15 years.Design, setting, and participantsThis population-based longitudinal birth cohort study used data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), in Bristol, UK. All pregnant women residents in Avon, UK, with expected delivery dates from April 1, 1991, to December 31, 1992, were invited to participate in the study. The study cohort ranged from approximately 8000 (at 7 years of age) to 4000 (at 15 years of age) mother-offspring pairs. Data were analyzed from November 2020 to July 2021.Main outcomes and measuresMaternal depressive symptoms were measured using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) antenatally at 18 and 32 weeks of gestation and postnatally at 8 weeks and 8 months. This study primarily used a cutoff score of 12 or more on the EPDS to identify mothers with symptoms of depression, and the continuous EPDS scores were used to confirm the results of the main analyses. Offspring ODD at 7, 10, 13, and 15 years of age were diagnosed using the parent-reported Development and Well-Being Assessment.ResultsOf 7994 mother-offspring pairs for whom data were available on offspring ODD at 7 years, 4102 offspring (51.3%) were boys. The mean (SD) age of mothers was 28.6 (4.6) years. Maternal antenatal depressive symptoms (measured at 32 weeks of gestation) were associated with offspring ODD (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.75; 95% CI, 1.33-2.31). Offspring of mothers with postpartum depressive symptoms at 8 weeks and 8 months were more than 2 times more likely to have a diagnosis of ODD over time (AOR at 8 weeks, 2.24 [95% CI, 1.74-2.90]; AOR at 8 months, 2.04 [95% CI, 1.55-2.68]), and maternal persistent depressive symptoms were associated with a 4-fold increased risk of offspring ODD (AOR, 3.59; 95% CI, 1.98-6.52).Conclusions and relevanceThese findings suggest that perinatal depressive symptoms are associated with ODD in offspring and further support the need for early identification and management of prenatal and postnatal depression in women of childbearing age.

Project description:BackgroundDespite the lack of evidence on the use of cannabis for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the growing perception that cannabis is safe has led more patients and caregivers to self-medicate. Some psychiatrists now authorize medicinal cannabis for patients with ADHD with features of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) to curtail the unregulated (ie, self-medicated) use of recreational cannabis or to offer a therapeutic option to those who continue to experience symptoms after exhausting all other treatment options.ObjectiveThis protocol aims to explore the perceived effectiveness and pharmacokinetics of cannabis in youth and young adults, who are currently taking it as part of their treatment plan for ADHD with features of ODD, under the supervision of a psychiatrist.MethodsPatients between the ages of 12 and 25 years with a diagnosis of ADHD and features of ODD, who are currently taking cannabis herbal extract (at a Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol [THC]:cannabidiol [CBD] ratio of 1:20) as a treatment adjunct to stimulant pharmacotherapy will be recruited. A sample size of 10-20 individuals is estimated. The study interview will consist of (1) validated symptom rating scales (Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham-IV Questionnaire [SNAP-IV], 90-item; Patient Health Questionnaire, 9-item [PHQ-9]; and Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders [SCARED] tool to measure symptoms of ADHD and ODD, depression, and anxiety, respectively); (2) a semistructured interview to probe the experiences of using cannabis; and (3) a cannabis side effects survey. A cannabis product sample as well as 2 blood samples (a trough level and 2-hour postdose level) will be collected to measure plasma concentrations of cannabinoids and relevant metabolites (THC, CBD, 11-hydroxy-THC, 7-hydroxy-CBD, cannabichromene, and 11-nor-9-carboxy-THB) using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Self-report rating scales (SNAP-IV, SCARED, and PHQ-9) will be scored in accordance with standard protocols and compared to retrospective scores obtained from the participant's chart. Demographic variables (age, weight, and race), symptom scores, and blood levels (peaks and troughs) of THC, CBD, cannabichromene (CBC), and metabolites will be summarized using descriptive statistics. Relationships between plasma concentrations and symptom scores will be determined using analysis of variance, and multiple regression analysis will be performed to determine associations between plasma concentrations and demographic variables (age, weight, and ethnicity). The qualitative data will be audio-recorded and transcribed and organized into themes.ResultsThe protocol was approved by the Biomedical Research Ethics Board at the University of Saskatchewan (protocol #1726), and recruitment began in May 2021.ConclusionsThis proof-of-concept study will explore the potential treatment effectiveness of medical cannabis in participants with ADHD and ODD through a mixed methods approach to inform future research in this area.International registered report identifier (irrid)DERR1-10.2196/31281.

Dataset Information

Dimensions of Oppositional Defiant Disorder in young children: heterotypic continuity with anxiety and depression.

Publications

Dimensions of Oppositional Defiant Disorder in young children: heterotypic continuity with anxiety and depression.

Similar Datasets

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