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Gene expression pattern for putative chloroplast localized COPII related proteins with emphasis on Rab related proteins.

ABSTRACT: Vesicle transport occurs in the cytosol through COPI, COPII and a clathrin coated vesicle system for transport of lipids and proteins to different subcellular compartments. All three systems consist of several different protein components to maintain a functional transport. In chloroplasts photosynthesis takes place in thylakoids. Thylakoids contain a large amount of lipids and proteins but none of these components are produced there. Transport of lipids occurs from the envelope membrane where they are produced and through the aqueous stroma before being directed to the thylakoids. Nuclear encoded proteins use distinct pathways for entering thylakoids after import into chloroplasts. Transport of lipids through stroma requires either lipid transfer proteins, association between the envelope and the thylakoid membrane, or a vesicle transport system similar to the cytosolic one. No evidence exists for lipid transfer proteins in chloroplasts, nor for a consistent association between the envelope and the thylakoid membrane. However, vesicle transport has support from e.g., biochemical and genetics data as well as transelectron microscopy data. Moreover, a recent bioinformatics study revealed putatively COPII related proteins to be chloroplast localized in Arabidopsis and thus function in vesicle transport in chloroplasts. Here we present gene expression profiles of these putatively COPII related chloroplast localized proteins using Genevestigator (https://www.genevestigator.com/gv/) with special emphasis on Rab related proteins since they represent several stage of vesicle transport e.g., uncoating, tethering and fusion.

SUBMITTER: Alezzawi M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4091514 | biostudies-literature | 2014

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Gene expression pattern for putative chloroplast localized COPII related proteins with emphasis on Rab related proteins.

Alezzawi Mohamed M Karim Sazzad S Khan Nadir Zaman NZ Aronsson Henrik H

Plant signaling & behavior 20140226 3

Vesicle transport occurs in the cytosol through COPI, COPII and a clathrin coated vesicle system for transport of lipids and proteins to different subcellular compartments. All three systems consist of several different protein components to maintain a functional transport. In chloroplasts photosynthesis takes place in thylakoids. Thylakoids contain a large amount of lipids and proteins but none of these components are produced there. Transport of lipids occurs from the envelope membrane where t ...[more]

PMID: 24577429

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Project description:UnlabelledRas-associated binding (Rab) proteins and Rab-associated proteins are key regulators of vesicle transport, which is essential for the delivery of proteins to specific intracellular locations. More than 60 human Rab proteins have been identified, and their function has been shown to depend on their interaction with different Rab-associated proteins regulating Rab activation, post-translational modification and intracellular localization. The number of known inherited disorders of vesicle trafficking due to Rab cycle defects has increased substantially during the past decade. This review describes the important role played by Rab proteins in a number of rare monogenic diseases as well as common multifactorial human ones. Although the clinical phenotype in these monogenic inherited diseases is highly variable and dependent on the type of tissue in which the defective Rab or its associated protein is expressed, frequent features are hypopigmentation (Griscelli syndrome), eye defects (Choroideremia, Warburg Micro syndrome and Martsolf syndrome), disturbed immune function (Griscelli syndrome and Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease) and neurological dysfunction (X-linked non-specific mental retardation, Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Warburg Micro syndrome and Martsolf syndrome). There is also evidence that alterations in Rab function play an important role in the progression of multifactorial human diseases, such as infectious diseases and type 2 diabetes. Rab proteins must not only be bound to GTP, but they need also to be 'prenylated'-i.e. bound to the cell membranes by isoprenes, which are intermediaries in the synthesis of cholesterol (e.g. geranyl geranyl or farnesyl compounds). This means that isoprenylation can be influenced by drugs such as statins, which inhibit isoprenylation, or biphosphonates, which inhibit that farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase necessary for Rab GTPase activity.ConclusionAlthough protein-trafficking disorders are clinically heterogeneous and represented in almost every subspeciality of pediatrics, the identification of common pathogenic mechanisms may provide a better diagnosis and management of patients with still unknown Rab cycle defects and stimulate the development of therapeutic agents.

Dataset Information

Gene expression pattern for putative chloroplast localized COPII related proteins with emphasis on Rab related proteins.

Publications

Gene expression pattern for putative chloroplast localized COPII related proteins with emphasis on Rab related proteins.

Similar Datasets

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