Dataset Information

Structure of a sedoheptulose 7-phosphate cyclase: ValA from Streptomyces hygroscopicus.

ABSTRACT: Sedoheptulose 7-phosphate cyclases (SH7PCs) encompass three enzymes involved in producing the core cyclitol structures of pseudoglycosides and similar bioactive natural products. One such enzyme is ValA from Streptomyces hygroscopicus subsp. jinggangensis 5008, which makes 2-epi-5-epi-valiolone as part of the biosynthesis of the agricultural antifungal agent validamycin A. We present, as the first SH7PC structure, the 2.1 Å resolution crystal structure of ValA in complex with NAD+ and Zn2+ cofactors. ValA has a fold and active site organization resembling those of the sugar phosphate cyclase dehydroquinate synthase (DHQS) and contains two notable, previously unrecognized interactions between NAD+ and Asp side chains conserved in all sugar phosphate cyclases that may influence catalysis. Because the domains of ValA adopt a nearly closed conformation even though no sugar substrate is present, comparisons with a ligand-bound DHQS provide a model for aspects of substrate binding. One striking active site difference is a loop that adopts a distinct conformation as a result of an Asp?Asn change with respect to DHQS and alters the identity and orientation of a key Arg residue. This and other active site differences in ValA are mostly localized to areas where the ValA substrate differs from that of DHQS. Sequence comparisons with a second SH7PC making a product with distinct stereochemistry lead us to postulate that the product stereochemistry of a given SH7PC is not the result of events taking place during catalysis but is accomplished by selective binding of either the ? or ? pyranose anomer of the substrate.

SUBMITTER: Kean KM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4095911 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Structure of a sedoheptulose 7-phosphate cyclase: ValA from Streptomyces hygroscopicus.

Kean Kelsey M KM Codding Sara J SJ Asamizu Shumpei S Mahmud Taifo T Karplus P Andrew PA

Biochemistry 20140625 26

Sedoheptulose 7-phosphate cyclases (SH7PCs) encompass three enzymes involved in producing the core cyclitol structures of pseudoglycosides and similar bioactive natural products. One such enzyme is ValA from Streptomyces hygroscopicus subsp. jinggangensis 5008, which makes 2-epi-5-epi-valiolone as part of the biosynthesis of the agricultural antifungal agent validamycin A. We present, as the first SH7PC structure, the 2.1 Å resolution crystal structure of ValA in complex with NAD+ and Zn2+ cofac ...[more]

PMID: 24832673

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Project description:Malaria is one of the life-threatening diseases in the world. The spread of resistance to antimalarial drugs is a major challenge, and resistance to artemisinin has been reported in the Southeast Asian region. In the previous study, the active compound of Streptomyces hygroscopicus subsp. Hygroscopicus (S. hygroscopicus), eponemycin, has been shown to have antimalarial effects. To further analyze the effects of other active compounds on the Plasmodium parasite, identifying and analyzing the effectiveness of compounds contained in S. hygroscopicus through instrumentation of liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) and in silico studies were very useful. This study aimed at identifying other derivative compounds from S. hygroscopicus and screening the antimalarial activity of the compound by assessing the binding affinity, pharmacokinetic profile, and bond interaction. The derivative compounds were identified using LC/MS. Protein targets for derivative compounds were found through literature studies, and the results of identification of compounds and protein targets were reconstructed into three-dimensional models. Prediction of pharmacokinetic profiles was carried out using Swiss ADME. Screening of protein targets for the derivative compound was carried out using the reverse molecular docking method. Analyzing bond interaction was done by LigPlot. One compound from S. hygroscopicus, i.e., 6,7-dinitro-2-[1, 2, 4]triazole-4-yl-benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3-dione, was successfully identified using LC/MS. This compound was an isoquinoline derivative compound. Through literature studies with inclusion criteria, thirteen protein targets were obtained for reverse molecular docking. This isoquinoline derivative had the potential to bind to each protein target. The pharmacokinetic profile showed that this compound had the drug-likeness criteria. Conclusion. 6,7-Dinitro-2-[1, 2, 4]triazole-4-yl-benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3-dione has antimalarial activity as shown by reverse molecular docking studies and pharmacokinetic profiles. The best inhibitory ability of compounds based on bond affinity is with adenylosuccinate synthetase.

Project description:Streptomyces hygroscopicus, which produces the glutamine synthetase inhibitor phosphinothricin, possesses at least two genes (glnA and glnB) encoding distinct glutamine synthetase isoforms (GSI and GSII). The glnB gene was cloned from S. hygroscopicus DNA by complementation in an Escherichia coli glutamine auxotrophic mutant (glnA). glnB was subcloned in Streptomyces plasmids by insertion into pIJ486 (pMSG3) and pIJ702 (pMSG5). Both constructions conferred resistance to the tripeptide form of phosphinothricin (bialaphos) and were able to complement a glutamine auxotrophic marker in S. coelicolor. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic analysis of S. lividans(pMSG5) revealed a highly overexpressed 40-kilodalton protein. When GS was purified from this strain, it was indistinguishable in apparent molecular mass from the 40-kilodalton protein. The nucleic acid sequence of the cloned region contained an open reading frame which encoded a protein whose size, amino acid composition, and N-terminal sequence corresponded to those of the purified GS. glnB had a high G + C content and codon usage typical of streptomycete genes. A comparison of its predicted amino acid sequence with the protein data bases revealed that it encoded a GSII-type enzyme which had previously been found only in various eucaryotes (47 to 50% identity) and nodulating bacteria such as Bradyrhizobium spp. (42% identity). glnB had only 13 to 18% identity with eubacterial GSI enzymes. Southern blot hybridization experiments showed that sequences similar to glnB were present in all of the five other Streptomyces species tested, as well as Frankia species. These results do not support the previous suggestion that GSII-type enzymes found in members of the family Rhizobiaceae represent a unique example of interkingdom gene transfer associated with symbiosis in the nodule. Instead they imply that the presence of more than one gene encoding GS may be more common among soil microorganisms than previously appreciated.

Dataset Information

Structure of a sedoheptulose 7-phosphate cyclase: ValA from Streptomyces hygroscopicus.

Publications

Structure of a sedoheptulose 7-phosphate cyclase: ValA from Streptomyces hygroscopicus.

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