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Personal, behavioral, and socio-environmental correlates of physical activity among adolescent girls: cross-sectional and longitudinal associations.

ABSTRACT: Physical activity (PA) declines sharply and rapidly during adolescence, especially among girls, posing a risk for inactivity and obesity in adulthood. This study identified personal, behavioral, and socioenvironmental correlates of concurrent and 6-month longitudinal PA among adolescent girls.Data were gathered from 356 adolescent girls (mean age 15.8 ± 1.2 years; > 75% racial/ethnic minorities) in the Minneapolis/St. Paul area in 2007-2009. Linear regression analyses controlling for age, race/ethnicity, and school were conducted predicting baseline and follow-up levels of total PA and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) assessed via 3-Day Physical Activity Recall. Models were fit for each correlate individually and for all correlates together, mutually adjusted.For concurrent PA, significant positive predictors when adjusting for the influence of all other variables included self-efficacy, support from friends and teachers, and friends' PA. Total screen time and distance from school to PA resources related inversely to concurrent PA. In mutually-adjusted models, 6-month PA was positively related to self-worth, family support, and parent PA and inversely related to total screen time.PA interventions with adolescent girls might be enhanced by involving adolescents' social networks and also by helping adolescents feel better about their self-worth and athletic abilities.

SUBMITTER: Graham DJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4107657 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Personal, behavioral, and socio-environmental correlates of physical activity among adolescent girls: cross-sectional and longitudinal associations.

Graham Dan J DJ Bauer Katherine W KW Friend Sarah S Barr-Anderson Daheia J DJ Nuemark-Sztainer Dianne D

Journal of physical activity & health 20121217 1

<h4>Background</h4>Physical activity (PA) declines sharply and rapidly during adolescence, especially among girls, posing a risk for inactivity and obesity in adulthood. This study identified personal, behavioral, and socioenvironmental correlates of concurrent and 6-month longitudinal PA among adolescent girls.<h4>Methods</h4>Data were gathered from 356 adolescent girls (mean age 15.8 ± 1.2 years; > 75% racial/ethnic minorities) in the Minneapolis/St. Paul area in 2007-2009. Linear regression a ...[more]

PMID: 23250194

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Project description:BackgroundEnvironmental characteristics may be associated with patterns of physical activity in general or with particular types of physical activity such as active travel (walking or cycling for transport). However, most studies in this field have been conducted in North America and Australia, and hypotheses about putative correlates should be tested in a wider range of sociospatial contexts. We therefore examined the contribution of putative personal and environmental correlates of active travel and overall physical activity in deprived urban neighbourhoods in Glasgow, Scotland as part of the baseline for a longitudinal study of the effects of opening a new urban motorway (freeway).MethodsWe conducted a postal survey of a random sample of residents (n = 1322), collecting data on socioeconomic status, perceptions of the local environment, travel behaviour, physical activity and general health and wellbeing using a new 14-item neighbourhood rating scale, a travel diary, the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and the SF-8. We analysed the correlates of active travel and overall physical activity using multivariate logistic regression, first building models using personal (individual and household) explanatory variables and then adding environmental variables.ResultsActive travel was associated with being younger, living in owner-occupied accommodation, not having to travel a long distance to work and not having access to a car, whereas overall physical activity was associated with living in social rented accommodation and not being overweight. After adjusting for personal characteristics, neither perceptions of the local environment nor the objective proximity of respondents' homes to motorway or major road infrastructure explained much of the variance in active travel or overall physical activity, although we did identify a significant positive association between active travel and perceived proximity to shops.ConclusionApart from access to local amenities, environmental characteristics may have limited influence on active travel in deprived urban populations characterised by a low level of car ownership, in which people may have less capacity for making discretionary travel choices than the populations studied in most published research on the environmental correlates of physical activity.

Project description:BackgroundSlowing the decline in participation in physical activity among adolescent girls is a public health priority. This study reports the outcomes from a multi-component school-based intervention (Girls in Sport), focused on promoting physical activity among adolescent girls.MethodsGroup randomized controlled trial in 24 secondary schools (12 intervention and 12 control). Assessments were conducted at baseline (2009) and at 18 months post-baseline (2010). The setting was secondary schools in urban, regional and rural areas of New South Wales, Australia. All girls in Grade 8 in 2009 who attended these schools were invited to participate in the study (N?=?1769). Using a Health Promoting Schools and Action Learning Frameworks, each school formed a committee and developed an action plan for promoting physical activity among Grade 8 girls. The action plan incorporated strategies in three main areas - i) the formal curriculum, ii) school environment, and iii) home/school/community links - based on the results of formative data from target girls and staff and on individual needs of the school. A member of the research team supported each school throughout the intervention. The main outcome measure was accelerometer-derived total physical activity (TPA) spent in physical activity. Data were analyzed from December 2011 to March 2012.Results1518 girls (mean age 13.6y ±0.02) were assessed at baseline. There was a significant decline in TPA from baseline to 18-month follow-up with no differences between girls in the intervention and control schools. Only one-third of schools (4/12) implemented the intervention as per their action plan. Per-protocol analyses on these schools revealed a smaller decline in percentage of time spent in MVPA among girls in the intervention group (adjusted difference 0.5%, 95% CI?=?-0.01, 0.99, P?=?0.05).ConclusionsThe Girls in Sport intervention was not effective in reducing the decline in physical activity among adolescent girls. Lack of implementation by most intervention schools was the main reason for a null effect. Identifying strategies to enhance implementation levels is critical to determining the true potential of this intervention approach.Trial registrationThis study was retrospectively registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12610001077055 . Date of registration: 7 December 2010.

Project description:BackgroundThe purpose was to explore whether baseline sociodemographic and physical characteristics moderated effects of an intervention on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), percent body fat, body mass index z-score, and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) at post intervention, relative to the control condition.MethodsA secondary analysis of data from a group randomized trial including 24 schools (12 intervention and 12 control; N = 1519 girls) was conducted. Age, ethnicity, race, socioeconomic status, and pubertal stage were assessed via survey. Height, weight, MVPA (min/h), percent body fat, and CRF were measured. Mixed-effects linear models were performed.ResultsCompared to the control, the intervention increased overweight and obese girls' CRF (b = 0.28, p = 0.049; b = 0.31, p < 0.01, respectively), but not healthy weight girls' CRF (b = 0.04, p = 0.706). Pre- to mid-puberty girls in the intervention group had slightly lower post-intervention MVPA than those in the control (3.04 vs. 3.31, p = 0.055), while late to post-puberty intervention and control girls' post-intervention MVPA was similar (3.12 vs. 3.04, p = 0.542).ConclusionsA PA intervention can improve overweight and obese girls' CRF, possibly attenuating their cardiovascular risk. Effective strategies are needed to assist adolescent girls, especially those in pre- to mid-puberty, in maintaining their MVPA after an intervention ends.ImpactModerators of physical activity intervention effects among adolescent girls are important to identify because the effectiveness of these interventions to date in this population has been limited. This article contributes to the notable gap in knowledge regarding moderators in physical activity interventions involving adolescent girls, particularly baseline characteristics that may moderate their responses to physical activity interventions. Awareness of the moderators can be useful for determining the type of intervention that may be successful in subgroups of adolescent girls and for tailoring a physical activity intervention to optimally meet each girl's needs to achieve maximal effects. Findings show that weight status moderated the intervention effects on cardiorespiratory fitness. Compared to the control condition, the intervention increased overweight and obese, but not healthy weight, girls' cardiorespiratory fitness. A physical activity intervention can improve overweight and obese girls' cardiorespiratory fitness, possibly attenuating their cardiovascular risk. Therefore, it is essential to include overweight and obese girls in PA interventions to help them reap this important benefit.

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Personal, behavioral, and socio-environmental correlates of physical activity among adolescent girls: cross-sectional and longitudinal associations.

Publications

Personal, behavioral, and socio-environmental correlates of physical activity among adolescent girls: cross-sectional and longitudinal associations.

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