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Plant flavonol isorhamnetin attenuates chemically induced inflammatory bowel disease via a PXR-dependent pathway.

ABSTRACT: Isorhamnetin is an O-methylated flavonol present in fruit and vegetables. We recently reported the identification of isorhamnetin as an activator of the human pregnane X receptor (PXR), a known target for abrogating inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The current study investigated the role of isorhamnetin as a putative mouse PXR activator in ameliorating chemically induced IBD. Using two different models (ulcerative colitis like and Crohn's disease like) of experimental IBD in mice, we demonstrated that isorhamnetin abrogated inflammation through inhibiting the activity of myeloperoxidase, the levels of TNF-? and IL-6, the mRNA expression of proinflammatory mediators (iNOS, ICAM-1, COX2, TNF-?, IL-2 and IL-6) and the phosphorylation of I?B? and NF-?B p65. PXR gene overexpression inhibited NF-?B luciferase activity, and the inhibition was potentiated by isorhamnetin treatment. PXR knockdown by siRNA demonstrated the necessity for PXR in isorhamnetin-mediated up-regulation of xenobiotic metabolism genes. Ligand pocket-filling mutants (S247W/C284W and S247W/C284W/S208W) of human PXR weakened the effect of isorhamnetin on PXR activation. Molecular docking studies and time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer competitive binding assays confirmed the ligand (isorhamnetin)-binding affinity. These results clearly demonstrated the ameliorating effect of isorhamnetin on experimental IBD via PXR-mediated up-regulation of xenobiotic metabolism and down-regulation of NF-?B signaling. The novel findings may contribute to the effective utilization of isorhamnetin or its derivatives as a PXR ligand in the treatment of human IBD.

SUBMITTER: Dou W

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4125479 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Plant flavonol isorhamnetin attenuates chemically induced inflammatory bowel disease via a PXR-dependent pathway.

Dou Wei W Zhang Jingjing J Li Hao H Kortagere Sandhya S Sun Katherine K Ding Lili L Ren Gaiyan G Wang Zhengtao Z Mani Sridhar S

The Journal of nutritional biochemistry 20140509 9

Isorhamnetin is an O-methylated flavonol present in fruit and vegetables. We recently reported the identification of isorhamnetin as an activator of the human pregnane X receptor (PXR), a known target for abrogating inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The current study investigated the role of isorhamnetin as a putative mouse PXR activator in ameliorating chemically induced IBD. Using two different models (ulcerative colitis like and Crohn's disease like) of experimental IBD in mic ...[more]

PMID: 24913217

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Project description:Alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG) is a critical nutritional factor in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis. However, the relative mechanism of AKG has not been well understood. It was recently shown that the interaction between nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)-mediated inflammatory pathway and pregnane X receptor (PXR)-regulated detoxification pathway is a check and balance mechanism for keeping the homeostatic state of the intestine, preventing the onset of intestinal inflammation which may lead to cancer. In the current study we used lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged piglet and intestinal porcine epithelial cells-J2 models to investigate the effects of dietary AKG supplementation on the intestinal immune system and PXR regulated target expression. We found that LPS induced significant activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammatory pathway with concomitant impairment of intestinal nutrient absorption. AKG administration increased intracellular AKG and its metabolite concentrations and enhanced the mRNA expression of alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase in vivo and in vitro. Thus dietary AKG supplementation reversed the adverse effects induced by LPS. We also found a strong inhibitory effects on the NF-κB-mediated inflammatory pathway, especially, in the AKG-treated intestinal tissues, LPS-induced NF-κB phosphorylation was inhibited and TNF-α was suppressed. Interestingly, AKG has potent effects in regulating the PXR and its downstream targets such as CYP3As and CYP2Bs in vivo and in vitro, although AKG is not a known PXR ligand. One potential mechanism for the up-regulation of the PXR pathway is through the down-regulation of NF-κB pathway which in turn de-represses the PXR-regulated target expression. Taken together, our results suggest that AKG improves intestinal immune system through modulating the interaction between PXR and NF-κB. Our findings have important implications for the prevention and treatment of intestinal inflammatory diseases in neonates.

Dataset Information

Plant flavonol isorhamnetin attenuates chemically induced inflammatory bowel disease via a PXR-dependent pathway.

Publications

Plant flavonol isorhamnetin attenuates chemically induced inflammatory bowel disease via a PXR-dependent pathway.

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