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Non-invasive multimodal functional imaging of the intestine with frozen micellar naphthalocyanines.

ABSTRACT: There is a need for safer and improved methods for non-invasive imaging of the gastrointestinal tract. Modalities based on X-ray radiation, magnetic resonance and ultrasound suffer from limitations with respect to safety, accessibility or lack of adequate contrast. Functional intestinal imaging of dynamic gut processes has not been practical using existing approaches. Here, we report the development of a family of nanoparticles that can withstand the harsh conditions of the stomach and intestine, avoid systemic absorption, and provide good optical contrast for photoacoustic imaging. The hydrophobicity of naphthalocyanine dyes was exploited to generate purified ? 20 nm frozen micelles, which we call nanonaps, with tunable and large near-infrared absorption values (>1,000). Unlike conventional chromophores, nanonaps exhibit non-shifting spectra at ultrahigh optical densities and, following oral administration in mice, passed safely through the gastrointestinal tract. Non-invasive, non-ionizing photoacoustic techniques were used to visualize nanonap intestinal distribution with low background and remarkable resolution, and enabled real-time intestinal functional imaging with ultrasound co-registration. Positron emission tomography following seamless nanonap radiolabelling allowed complementary whole-body imaging.

SUBMITTER: Zhang Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4130353 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Non-invasive multimodal functional imaging of the intestine with frozen micellar naphthalocyanines.

Zhang Yumiao Y Jeon Mansik M Rich Laurie J LJ Hong Hao H Geng Jumin J Zhang Yin Y Shi Sixiang S Barnhart Todd E TE Alexandridis Paschalis P Huizinga Jan D JD Seshadri Mukund M Cai Weibo W Kim Chulhong C Lovell Jonathan F JF

Nature nanotechnology 20140706 8

There is a need for safer and improved methods for non-invasive imaging of the gastrointestinal tract. Modalities based on X-ray radiation, magnetic resonance and ultrasound suffer from limitations with respect to safety, accessibility or lack of adequate contrast. Functional intestinal imaging of dynamic gut processes has not been practical using existing approaches. Here, we report the development of a family of nanoparticles that can withstand the harsh conditions of the stomach and intestine ...[more]

PMID: 24997526

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Although placement of an intra-cerebral catheter remains the gold standard method for measuring intracranial pressure (ICP), several non-invasive techniques can provide useful estimates. The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of four non-invasive methods to assess intracranial hypertension. METHODS:We reviewed prospectively collected data on adult intensive care unit (ICU) patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), or intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in whom invasive ICP monitoring had been initiated and estimates had been simultaneously collected from the following non-invasive indices: optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD), pulsatility index (PI), estimated ICP (eICP) using transcranial Doppler, and the neurological pupil index (NPI) measured using automated pupillometry. Intracranial hypertension was defined as an invasively measured ICP >?20?mmHg. RESULTS:We studied 100 patients (TBI?=?30; SAH?=?47; ICH?=?23) with a median age of 52?years. The median invasively measured ICP was 17 [12-25] mmHg and intracranial hypertension was present in 37 patients. Median values from the non-invasive techniques were ONSD 5.2 [4.8-5.8] mm, PI 1.1 [0.9-1.4], eICP 21 [14-29] mmHg, and NPI 4.2 [3.8-4.6]. There was a significant correlation between all the non-invasive techniques and invasive ICP (ONSD, r?=?0.54; PI, r?=?0.50; eICP, r?=?0.61; NPI, r?=?-?0.41-p?<?0.001 for all). The area under the curve (AUC) to estimate intracranial hypertension was 0.78 [CIs?=?0.68-0.88] for ONSD, 0.85 [95% CIs 0.77-0.93] for PI, 0.86 [95% CIs 0.77-0.93] for eICP, and 0.71 [95% CIs 0.60-0.82] for NPI. When the various techniques were combined, the highest AUC (0.91 [0.84-0.97]) was obtained with the combination of ONSD with eICP. CONCLUSIONS:Non-invasive techniques are correlated with ICP and have an acceptable accuracy to estimate intracranial hypertension. The multimodal combination of ONSD and eICP may increase the accuracy to estimate the occurrence of intracranial hypertension.

Dataset Information

Non-invasive multimodal functional imaging of the intestine with frozen micellar naphthalocyanines.

Publications

Non-invasive multimodal functional imaging of the intestine with frozen micellar naphthalocyanines.

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