Diagnostic and prognostic value of soluble syndecan-1 in pleural malignancies.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Mundt F
PROVIDER: S-EPMC4131558 | biostudies-literature | 2014
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Introductionc-MYC plays vital role in regulation of cell proliferation and has been associated with tumorigenesis. This study is aimed at assessing diagnostic and prognostic value of plasma c-MYC expression to aid in early diagnosis and prognosis of hematological malignancies.MethodsPlasma c-MYC expression was determined by quantitative real time PCR using EVA Green chemistry and cluster of differentiation markers performed via immunocytochemistry.ResultPlasma c-MYC was higher in subject with hematological malignancies (8.8 ± 1.1) when compared with apparently healthy controls (4.5 ± 0.5). A screening cut-off c-MYC ratio value of 9.42 with sensitivity and specificity of 65.5% and 100% respectively were obtained using receiver operator characteristic curve analysis. Plasma c-MYC was found to have no prognostic value using Kaplan-Meier analysis.ConclusionPlasma c-MYC ratio showed promising screening/diagnostic value for hematological malignancies.
| S-EPMC10782349 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND:Pleural fluid homocysteine (HCY) can be useful for diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion (MPE). There are no published studies comparing the diagnostic accuracy of HCY with other tumour markers in pleural fluid for diagnosis of MPE. The aim was to compare the accuracy of HCY with that of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cancer antigen (CA) 15.3, CA19.9 and CA125 in pleural fluid and to develop a probabilistic model using these biomarkers to differentiate benign (BPE) from MPE. METHODS:Patients with pleural effusion were randomly included. HCY, CEA, CA15.3, CEA19.9 and CA125 were quantified in pleural fluid. Patients were classified into two groups: MPE or BPE. By applying logistic regression analysis, a multivariate probabilistic model was developed using pleural fluid biomarkers. The diagnostic accuracy was determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and calculating the area under the curve (AUC). RESULTS:Population of study comprised 133 patients (72 males and 61 females) aged between 1 and 96 years (median = 70 years), 81 BPE and 52 MPE. The logistic regression analysis included HCY (p<0.0001) and CEA (p = 0.0022) in the probabilistic model and excluded the other tumour markers. The probabilistic model was: HCY+CEA = Probability(%) = 100×(1+e-z)-1, where Z = 0.5471×[HCY]+0.3846×[CEA]-8.2671. The AUCs were 0.606, 0.703, 0.778, 0.800, 0.846 and 0.948 for CA125, CA19.9, CEA, CA15.3, HCY and HCY+CEA, respectively. CONCLUSIONS:Pleural fluid HCY has higher accuracy for diagnosis of MPE than CEA, CA15.3, CA19.9 and CA125. The combination of HCY and CEA concentrations in pleural fluid significantly improves the diagnostic accuracy of the test.
| S-EPMC6759144 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks as the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally and is the third most prevalent cancer. The effective treatment of CRC is challenged by tumor drug resistance, underscoring the urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies. It is well recognized that epigenetic modifications, particularly DNA methylation, significantly contribute to the initiation and advancement of CRC. Tumors frequently exhibit hypermethylation of specific gene promoters alongside a general hypomethylation of genomic DNA. In normal tissues, gene promoters, particularly those of tumor suppressor genes, are typically unmethylated, whereas they are often hypermethylated in cancerous tissues. Previous studies have identified the methylation status of the CpG island within the SLC30A10 gene as a reliable biomarker for CRC. Notably, a hypermethylated phenotype is inversely correlated with SLC30A10 expression. However, the precise functional implications of SLC30A10 suppression in the context of CRC progression remain to be elucidated.). The investigation of molecular pathways involved in metal metabolism in CRC has not been conducted previously at the transcriptomic level. Furthermore, the relationship between the mutational characteristics of tumors—such as individual mutations, mutational burden, and microsatellite instability—and the activity of genes related to metal metabolic pathways has not been explored. This project aims to be the first to examine the antitumor potential of modulating the transport systems for manganese and zinc ions in CRC. The molecular function of SLC30A10 is to export zinc (Zn) and manganese (Mn) ions from the cell. Additionally, SLC30A10 plays a crucial role in mitigating Mn-induced cytotoxicity and facilitates Zn transport to early endosomes while promoting endosomal recirculation to avert Zn toxicity. Our findings indicate that overexpression of SLC30A10 is correlated with the knockout of its functional antagonist, SLC39A14 in the HuTu80 and HCT-15 cell lines.
2024-09-15 | GSE276849 | GEO
Project description:Patients with tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE) or malignant pleural effusions (MPE) frequently have similar pleural fluid profiles. New biomarkers for the differential diagnosis of TPE are required. We determined whether cytokine profiles in the PE of patients could aid the differential diagnosis of TPE. 30 patients with TPE, 30 patients with MPE, 14 patients with empyema (EMP) and 14 patients with parapneumonic effusion (PPE) were enrolled between Dec 2018 and 2019. The levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-18, IL-27, CXCL8, CCL-1 and IP-10 were determined in PE by ELISA along with measurements of adenosine deaminase (ADA). The best predictors of TPE were combined ADA.IL-27 [optimal cut-off value = 42.68 (103 U ng/l2), sensitivity 100%, specificity 98.28%], ADA [cut off value 27.5 (IU/l), sensitivity 90%, specificity 96.5%] and IL-27 [cut-off value = 2363 (pg/ml), sensitivity 96.7%, specificity 98.3%, p ≤ 0.0001]. A high level of IL-6 [cut-off value = 3260 (pg/ml), sensitivity 100%, specificity 67.2%], CXCL8 [cut-off value = 144.5 (pg/ml), sensitivity 93.3%, specificity 58.6%], CCL1 [cut-off value = 54 (pg/ml), sensitivity 100%, specificity 70.7%] and IP-10 [cut-off value = 891.9 (pg/ml), sensitivity 83.3%, specificity 48.3%] were also predictive of TPE. High ADA.IL-27, ADA and IL-27 levels differentiate between TPE and non-TPE with improved specificity and diagnostic accuracy and may be useful clinically.
| S-EPMC7803752 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundPleural effusions are most commonly classified as transudative or exudative based on Light's criteria which has shown misclassification in 10%-20% of cases. Studies have demonstrated lesser misclassification with pleural fluid cholesterol criteria. Thus, this study aimed to find the diagnostic properties of pleural fluid cholesterol in differentiating the type of effusion.Materials and methodsThis cross-sectional study involving 72 patients was undertaken in a tertiary center in Nepal for a duration of 2 years. On the basis of Light's, Heffner's, etiological, and pleural fluid cholesterol criteria, pleural effusion was classified as exudative or transudative. The findings were then evaluated to determine the diagnostic value of each approach in identifying the effusion type and comparing them on the basis of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value.ResultPleural fluid cholesterol detected effusion as exudative with sensitivity of 91.94% and specificity of 80.00% against Light's criteria; with a sensitivity of 98.28% and specificity of 85.71% against the etiological diagnosis. Additionally, against the etiological diagnosis, sensitivity of both Light's and Heffner's criteria was 100%; however, specificity was 71.43% and 64.29% respectively, which is far less than that of pleural fluid cholesterol (85.71%). Furthermore, pleural fluid cholesterol was also found to have better results than protein ratio, LDH ratio and pleural fluid protein ratio in determining the type of effusion.ConclusionWhen considering the avoidance of confusing outcomes in equivocal instances and cost effectiveness in developing nations, pleural fluid cholesterol can be one of the most useful alternative diagnostic methods for differentiating between exudative or transudative effusions.
| S-EPMC9577431 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Introduction:We investigated whether tumour markers carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), cancer antigen 125 (CA-125), and cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA 21-1) in pleural effusions and serum can be used to distinguish pleural effusion aetiology. Materials and methods:During the first thoracentesis, we measured pleural fluid and serum tumour marker concentrations and calculated the pleural fluid/serum ratio for patients diagnosed with pleural effusion, using electrochemiluminescence immunoassays. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was carried out and the Hanley and McNeil method was used to test the significance of the difference between the areas under ROC curves (AUCs). In order to detect which tumour marker best discriminates between malignant and non-malignant pleural effusions and to establish the predictive value of those markers, discriminant function analysis (DFA) and logistic regression analysis were utilized. Results:Serum tumour markers CYFRA 21-1 and NSE as well as pleural NSE were good predictors of pleural effusion malignancy and their combined model was found statistically significant (Chi-square = 28.415, P < 0.001). Respective ROC analysis showed significant discrimination value of the combination of these three markers (AUC = 0.79). Conclusions:Serum markers showed superiority to pleural fluid markers in determining pleural fluid aetiology. Serum CYFRA 21-1 and NSE concentrations as well as pleural fluid NSE values had the highest clinical value in differentiating between malignant and non-malignant pleural effusions. The combination of these three markers produced a significant model to resolve pleural effusion aetiology.
| S-EPMC5806614 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Medical thoracoscopy has been shown to be an efficacious procedure in diagnosing unexplained exudative pleural effusions with excellent safety. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic significance of thoracoscopy in the management of patients with malignant pleural effusion (MPE).Consecutive patients with malignant pleural effusion were retrospectively reviewed, and their demographic, radiographic, thoracoscopic and histological data were collected.Between July 2005 and June 2014, 342 of 833 patients undergoing thoracoscopy were finally confirmed to suffer from MPE. The top three frequent causes of MPE were metastatic carcinoma (79.5%), malignant mesothelioma (10.2%), and lymphoma (2.9%). Among metastatic malignancies, the most common cancer was lung cancer (85.2%), followed by breast cancer (4.4%), ovarian cancer (2.2%), pancreatic cancer (1.8%), etc. No serious adverse events associated with thoracoscopy were recorded.Medical thoracoscopy is a valuable and safe tool in diagnosing malignant pleural effusion with minimal complication rates.
| S-EPMC5544982 | biostudies-other
Project description:BackgroundThe diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE) is challenging for pulmonologists. Adenosine deaminase (ADA), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and interleukin-27 (IL-27) have some limitations for diagnosing TPE. Soluble Fas ligand (sFasL) had a high diagnostic value for TPE. However, it remains unknown: (I) whether sFasL has an additional diagnostic value to the traditional markers (e.g., ADA); (II) whether sFasL provides a net benefit in patients with undiagnosed pleural effusion; (III) factors affecting the diagnostic accuracy of sFasL for TPE. This study aimed to evaluate the additional diagnostic value and benefit of pleural fluid sFasL for TPE.MethodsWe prospectively enrolled 211 patients with undiagnosed pleural effusion. The concentration of sFasL in pleural fluid was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The diagnostic accuracy and net benefit of sFasL and ADA for TPE were analyzed by a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, decision curve analysis (DCA), net reclassification improvement (NRI), and integrated discriminant improvement (IDI).ResultsThe area under the ROC curves (AUCs) of sFasL and ADA were 0.74 (95% CI: 0.65-0.83) and 0.80 (95% CI: 0.71-0.90), respectively. The decision curve of sFasL revealed net benefit. The continuous NRI and IDI of sFasL were 0.36 (0.00-0.72, P=0.05) and 0.02 (-0.01-0.06, P=0.18), respectively.ConclusionsPleural fluid sFasL has moderate diagnostic accuracy for TPE.
| S-EPMC10797355 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The aim of this study was to explore the diagnostic value of IL-31 levels in the pleural fluid and plasma to differentially diagnose tuberculous and malignant pleural effusion. We enrolled 91 cases, including tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE, n = 50), malignant pleural effusion (MPE, n = 41), other cases including pneumonia with pleural fluid, pulmonary tuberculosis and healthy people as controls. Whole blood was stimulated with the M. tuberculosis-specific antigens and plasma was collected. The multiplex bead-based cytokine immunoassay was employed to measure the levels of various cytokines. IL-31 was found to be the most prominent cytokine (P < 0.0001), and with an optimal cut-off value of 67.5 pg/mL, the sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of TPE were 86% and 100%, respectively. Furthermore, the tuberculosis-specific IL-31 levels in the plasma of TPE patients were higher than that of MPE patients (P = 0.0002). At an optimal cut-off value of 23.9 pg/mL, the sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of TPE were 92.9% and 85.7%, respectively. Ultimately, the combination of pleural fluid with the plasma tuberculosis-specific IL-31 levels improved the sensitivity and specificity to 94.0% and 95.1%, respectively. Thus, we identified a novel biomarker for the diagnosis of TPE for clinical application.
| S-EPMC4750077 | biostudies-other
Project description:Pleural effusions (PE) are a common clinical problem. The discrimination between benign (BPE), malignant (MPE) and paramalignant (PPE) pleural effusions is highly important to ensure appropriate patient treatment. Today, cytology is the gold standard for diagnosing malignant pleural effusions. However, its sensitivity is limited due to the sometimes low abundance of tumor cells and the challenging assessment of cell morphology in cytological samples. This study aimed to develop and validate a diagnostic test, which allows for the highly specific detection of malignant cells in pleural effusions based on the DNA methylation biomarkers SHOX2 and SEPT9. A quantitative real-time PCR assay was developed which enabled the accurate and sensitive detection of SHOX2 and SEPT9 in PEs. Cytological and DNA methylation analyses were conducted in a case control study comprised of PEs from 114 patients (58 cases, 56 controls). Cytological analysis as well as SHOX2 and SEPT9 methylation resulted in 100% specificity. 21% of the cases were cytologically positive and 26% were SHOX2 or SEPT9 methylation positive. The combined analysis of cytology and DNA methylation resulted in an increase of 71% positively classified PEs from cancer patients as compared to cytological analysis alone. The absolute sensitivity of cytology and DNA methylation was not determinable due to the lack of an appropriate gold standard diagnostic for distinguishing between MPEs and PPEs. Therefore, it was unclear which PEs from cancer patients were malignant (containing tumor cells) and which PEs were paramalignant and resulted from benign conditions in cancer patients, respectively. Furthermore, DNA methylation analysis in PEs allowed the prognosis of the overall survival in cancer patients (Kaplan-Meier analysis, log rank test, p=0.02 (SHOX2), p=0.02 (SEPT9)). The developed test may be used as a diagnostic and prognostic adjunct to existing clinical and cytopathological investigations in patients with PEs of unclear etiology.
| S-EPMC3874014 | biostudies-literature