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The optical, photothermal, and facile surface chemical properties of gold and silver nanoparticles in biodiagnostics, therapy, and drug delivery.

ABSTRACT: Nanotechnology is a rapidly growing area of research in part due to its integration into many biomedical applications. Within nanotechnology, gold and silver nanostructures are some of the most heavily utilized nanomaterial due to their unique optical, photothermal, and facile surface chemical properties. In this review, common colloid synthesis methods and biofunctionalization strategies of gold and silver nanostructures are highlighted. Their unique properties are also discussed in terms of their use in biodiagnostic, imaging, therapeutic, and drug delivery applications. Furthermore, relevant clinical applications utilizing gold and silver nanostructures are also presented. We also provide a table with reviews covering related topics.

SUBMITTER: Austin LA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4136654 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The optical, photothermal, and facile surface chemical properties of gold and silver nanoparticles in biodiagnostics, therapy, and drug delivery.

Austin Lauren A LA Mackey Megan A MA Dreaden Erik C EC El-Sayed Mostafa A MA

Archives of toxicology 20140604 7

Nanotechnology is a rapidly growing area of research in part due to its integration into many biomedical applications. Within nanotechnology, gold and silver nanostructures are some of the most heavily utilized nanomaterial due to their unique optical, photothermal, and facile surface chemical properties. In this review, common colloid synthesis methods and biofunctionalization strategies of gold and silver nanostructures are highlighted. Their unique properties are also discussed in terms of th ...[more]

PMID: 24894431

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Project description:Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) exhibit unusual biocidal properties thanks to which they find a wide range of applications in diverse fields of science and industry. Numerous research studies have been devoted to the bactericidal properties of AgNPs while less attention has been focused on their fungicidal activity. Our studies were therefore oriented toward determining the impact of AgNPs characterized by different physicochemical properties on Fusarium avenaceum and Fusarium equiseti. The main hypothesis assumed that the fungicidal properties of AgNPs characterized by comparable morphology can be shaped by stabilizing agent molecules adsorbed on nanoparticle surfaces. Two types of AgNPs were prepared by the reduction of silver ions with sodium borohydride (SB) in the presence of trisodium citrate (TC) or cysteamine hydrochloride (CH). Both types of AgNPs exhibited a quasi-spherical shape. Citrate-stabilized AgNPs (TCSB-AgNPs) of an average size of 15 ± 4 nm were negatively charged. Smaller (12 ± 4 nm), cysteamine-capped AgNPs (CHSB-AgNPs) were characterized by a positive surface charge and higher silver ion release profile. The phytopathogens were exposed to the AgNPs in three doses equal to 2.5, 5 and 10 mg L-1 over 24 and 240 h. Additionally, the impact of silver ions delivered in the form of silver nitrate and the stabilizing agents of AgNPs on the fungi was also investigated. The response of phytopathogens to these treatments was evaluated by determining mycelial growth, sporulation and changes in the cell morphology. The results of our studies showed that CHSB-AgNPs, especially at a concentration of 10 mg L-1, strongly limited the vegetative mycelium growth of both species for short and long treatment times. The cell imaging revealed that CHSB-AgNPs damaged the conidia membranes and penetrated into the cells, while TCSB-AgNPs were deposited on their surface. The fungistatic (lethal) effect was demonstrated only for silver ions at the highest concentration for the F. equiseti species in the 240 h treatment. The number of spores of both Fusarium species was significantly reduced independently of the type of silver compounds used. Generally, it was found that the positively charged CHSB-AgNPs were more fungicidal than negatively charged TCSB-AgNPs. Thereby, it was established that the stabilizing agents of AgNPs and surface charge play a crucial role in the shaping of their fungicidal properties.

Dataset Information

The optical, photothermal, and facile surface chemical properties of gold and silver nanoparticles in biodiagnostics, therapy, and drug delivery.

Publications

The optical, photothermal, and facile surface chemical properties of gold and silver nanoparticles in biodiagnostics, therapy, and drug delivery.

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