Dataset Information

Overall, gender and social inequalities in suicide mortality in Iran, 2006-2010: a time trend province-level study.

ABSTRACT:

Objectives

Suicide is a major global health problem imposing a considerable burden on populations in terms of disability-adjusted life years. There has been an increasing trend in fatal and attempted suicide in Iran over the past few decades. The aim of the current study was to assess overall, gender and social inequalities across Iran's provinces during 2006-2010.

Design

Ecological study.

Setting

The data on distribution of population at the provinces were obtained from the Statistical Centre of Iran. The data on the annual number of deaths caused by suicide in each province were gathered from the Iranian Forensic Medicine Organization.

Methods

Suicide mortality rate per 100,000 population was calculated. Human Development Index was used as the provinces' social rank. Gini coefficient, rate ratio and Kunst and Mackenbach relative index of inequality were used to assess overall, gender and social inequalities, respectively. Annual percentage change was calculated using Joinpoint regression.

Results

Suicide mortality has slightly increased in Iran during 2006-2010. There was a substantial and constant overall inequality across the country over the study period. Male-to-female rate ratio was 2.34 (95% CI 1.45 to 3.79) over the same period. There were social inequalities in suicide mortality in favour of people in better-off provinces. In addition, there was an increasing trend in these social disparities over time, although it was not statistically significant.

Conclusions

We found substantial overall, gender and social disparities in the distribution of suicide mortality across the provinces in Iran. The findings showed that men in the provinces with low socioeconomic status are at higher risk of suicide mortality. Further analyses are needed to explain these disparities.

SUBMITTER: Kiadaliri AA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4139655 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Overall, gender and social inequalities in suicide mortality in Iran, 2006-2010: a time trend province-level study.

Kiadaliri Aliasghar A AA Saadat Soheil S Shahnavazi Hossein H Haghparast-Bidgoli Hassan H

BMJ open 20140819 8

<h4>Objectives</h4>Suicide is a major global health problem imposing a considerable burden on populations in terms of disability-adjusted life years. There has been an increasing trend in fatal and attempted suicide in Iran over the past few decades. The aim of the current study was to assess overall, gender and social inequalities across Iran's provinces during 2006-2010.<h4>Design</h4>Ecological study.<h4>Setting</h4>The data on distribution of population at the provinces were obtained from th ...[more]

PMID: 25138804

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Project description:BackgroundSuicide is a major global health problem, especially among youth. Suicide is known to be associated with a variety of social, economic, political and religious factors, vary across geographical and cultural regions. The current study aimed to investigate the effects of socioeconomic factors on suicide mortality rate across different regions in Iran.MethodsThe data on distribution of population and socio-economic factors (such as unemployment rate, divorce rate, urbanization rate, average household expenditure etc.) at province level were obtained from the Statistical Centre of Iran and the National Organization for Civil Registration. The data on the annual number of deaths caused by suicide in each province was extracted from the published reports of the Iranian Forensic Medicine Organization. We used a decomposition model to distinguish between spatial and temporal variation in suicide mortality.ResultsThe average rate of suicide mortality was 5.5 per 100,000 population over the study period. Across the provinces (spatial variation), suicide mortality rate was positively associated with household expenditure and the proportion of people aged 15-24 and older than 65 years and was negatively associated with the proportion of literate people. Within the provinces (temporal variation), higher divorce rate was associated with higher suicide mortality. By excluding the outlier provinces, the results showed that in addition to the proportion of people aged 15-24 and older than 65, divorce and unemployment rates were also significant predictors of spatial variation in suicide mortality while divorce rate was associated with higher suicide mortality within provinces.ConclusionThe findings indicate that both spatial and temporal variations in suicide mortality rates across the provinces and over time are determined by a number of socio-economic factors. The study provides information that can be of importance in developing preventive strategies.

Project description:OBJECTIVES:Cancer screening is a form of secondary prevention for a disease which is now the leading cause of death in France. Various socioeconomic indicators have been identified as potential factors for disparities in breast, cervical and colorectal cancer screening uptake. We aimed to identify the socioeconomic inequalities, which persisted in screening uptake for these cancers, and to quantify these disparities over a 5-year period. SETTING:The Cancer Barometer was a population-based-survey carried out in 2005 and 2010 in France. PARTICIPANTS:A randomly selected sample of participants aged 15-85 years (n=3820 in 2005 and n=3727 in 2010) were interviewed on their participation in breast, cervical and colorectal cancer screening-programmes and their socioeconomic profile. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES:For each type of screening programme, we calculated participation rates, OR and relative inequality indices (RII) for participation, derived from logistic regression of the following socioeconomic variables: income, education, occupation, employment and health insurance. Changes in participation between 2005 and 2010 were then analysed. RESULTS:Participation rates for breast and colorectal screening increased significantly among the majority of socioeconomic categories, whereas for cervical cancer screening there were no significant changes between 2005 and 2010. RIIs for income remained significant for cervical smear in 2005 (RII=0.25, 95%?CI 0.13 to 0.48) and in 2010 (RII=0.31, 95%?CI 0.15 to 0.64). RIIs for education in mammography (RII=0.43, 95%?CI 0.19 to 0.98) and cervical smear (RII=0.36, 95%?CI 0.21 to 0.64) were significant in 2005 and remained significant for cervical smear (RII=0.40, 95%?CI 0.22 to 0.74) in 2010. CONCLUSIONS:There was a persistence of socioeconomic inequalities in the uptake of opportunistic cervical cancer screening. Conversely, organised screening programmes for breast and colorectal cancer saw a reduction in relative socioeconomic inequalities, even though the results were not statistically significant. The findings suggest that organised cancer screening programmes may have the potential to reduce socioeconomic disparities in participation.

Dataset Information

Overall, gender and social inequalities in suicide mortality in Iran, 2006-2010: a time trend province-level study.

Objectives

Design

Setting

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Overall, gender and social inequalities in suicide mortality in Iran, 2006-2010: a time trend province-level study.

Similar Datasets

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