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Molecular epidemiology and clinical features of human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 infection in Spain.

ABSTRACT: Human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection in Spain is rare and mainly affects immigrants from endemic regions and native Spaniards with a prior history of sexual intercourse with persons from endemic countries. Herein, we report the main clinical and virological features of cases reported in Spain. All individuals with HTLV-1 infection recorded at the national registry since 1989 were examined. Phylogenetic analysis was performed based on the long terminal repeat (LTR) region. A total of 229 HTLV-1 cases had been reported up to December 2012. The mean age was 41 years old and 61% were female. Their country of origin was Latin America in 59%, Africa in 15%, and Spain in 20%. Transmission had occurred following sexual contact in 41%, parenteral exposure in 12%, and vertically in 9%. HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) was diagnosed in 27 cases and adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) in 17 subjects. HTLV-1 subtype could be obtained for 45 patients; all but one belonged to the Cosmopolitan subtype a. One Nigerian pregnant woman harbored HTLV-1 subtype b. Within the Cosmopolitan subtype a, two individuals (from Bolivia and Peru, respectively) belonged to the Japanese subgroup B, another two (from Senegal and Mauritania) to the North African subgroup D, and 39 to the Transcontinental subgroup A. Of note, one divergent HTLV-1 strain from an Ethiopian branched off from all five known Cosmopolitan subtype 1a subgroups. Divergent HTLV-1 strains have been introduced and currently circulate in Spain. The relatively large proportion of symptomatic cases (19%) suggests that HTLV-1 infection is underdiagnosed in Spain.

SUBMITTER: Trevino A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4151066 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Molecular epidemiology and clinical features of human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 infection in Spain.

Treviño Ana A Alcantara Luiz Carlos LC Benito Rafael R Caballero Estrella E Aguilera Antonio A Ramos José Manuel JM de Mendoza Carmen C Rodríguez Carmen C García Juan J Rodríguez-Iglesias Manuel M Ortiz de Lejarazu Raúl R Roc Lourdes L Parra Patricia P Eiros José J del Romero Jorge J Soriano Vincent V

AIDS research and human retroviruses 20140709 9

Human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection in Spain is rare and mainly affects immigrants from endemic regions and native Spaniards with a prior history of sexual intercourse with persons from endemic countries. Herein, we report the main clinical and virological features of cases reported in Spain. All individuals with HTLV-1 infection recorded at the national registry since 1989 were examined. Phylogenetic analysis was performed based on the long terminal repeat (LTR) region. A ...[more]

PMID: 24924996

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Molecular epidemiology and clinical features of human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 infection in Spain.

Publications

Molecular epidemiology and clinical features of human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 infection in Spain.

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