Dataset Information

Acrolein-exposed normal human lung fibroblasts in vitro: cellular senescence, enhanced telomere erosion, and degradation of Werner's syndrome protein.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Acrolein is a ubiquitous environmental hazard to human health. Acrolein has been reported to activate the DNA damage response and induce apoptosis. However, little is known about the effects of acrolein on cellular senescence.

Objectives

We examined whether acrolein induces cellular senescence in cultured normal human lung fibroblasts (NHLF).

Methods

We cultured NHLF in the presence or absence of acrolein and determined the effects of acrolein on cell proliferative capacity, senescence-associated ?-galactosidase activity, the known senescence-inducing pathways (e.g., p53, p21), and telomere length.

Results

We found that acrolein induced cellular senescence by increasing both p53 and p21. The knockdown of p53 mediated by small interfering RNA (siRNA) attenuated acrolein-induced cellular senescence. Acrolein decreased Werner's syndrome protein (WRN), a member of the RecQ helicase family involved in DNA repair and telomere maintenance. Acrolein-induced down-regulation of WRN protein was rescued by p53 knockdown or proteasome inhibition. Finally, we found that acrolein accelerated p53-mediated telomere shortening.

Conclusions

These results suggest that acrolein induces p53-mediated cellular senescence accompanied by enhanced telomere attrition and WRN protein down-regulation.

SUBMITTER: Jang JH

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4154210 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Acrolein-exposed normal human lung fibroblasts in vitro: cellular senescence, enhanced telomere erosion, and degradation of Werner's syndrome protein.

Jang Jun-Ho JH Bruse Shannon S Huneidi Salam S Schrader Ronald M RM Monick Martha M MM Lin Yong Y Carter A Brent AB Klingelhutz Aloysius J AJ Nyunoya Toru T

Environmental health perspectives 20140418 9

<h4>Background</h4>Acrolein is a ubiquitous environmental hazard to human health. Acrolein has been reported to activate the DNA damage response and induce apoptosis. However, little is known about the effects of acrolein on cellular senescence.<h4>Objectives</h4>We examined whether acrolein induces cellular senescence in cultured normal human lung fibroblasts (NHLF).<h4>Methods</h4>We cultured NHLF in the presence or absence of acrolein and determined the effects of acrolein on cell proliferati ...[more]

PMID: 24747221

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Project description:The MYC and RAS oncogenes are sufficient for transformation of normal rodent cells. This cooperativity is at least in part based on suppression of RAS-induced cellular senescence by MYC and block of MYC-induced apoptosis by RAS - thereby canceling out two main barriers against tumor development. However, it remains unclear whether MYC and RAS cooperate in this way in human cells, where MYC and RAS are not sufficient for transformation. To address this question, we established a combined Tet-inducible H-RASV12 and hydroxytamoxifen-inducible MycER system in normal human BJ fibroblasts. We show here that activation of RAS alone induced senescence while activation of MYC alone or together with RAS triggered DNA damage, induction of p53 and massive apoptosis, suggesting that RAS cannot rescue MYC-induced apoptosis in this system. Although coexpression with MYC reduced certain RAS-induced senescence markers (histone H3 lysine 9 trimethylation and senescence-associated β-GAL activity), the induction of the senescence marker p16INK4A was further enhanced and the culture ceased to proliferate within a few days, revealing that MYC could not fully suppress RAS-induced senescence. Furthermore, depletion of p53, which enhanced proliferation and rescued the cells from RAS-induced senescence, did not abrogate MYC-induced apoptosis. We conclude that MYC and RAS are unable to cooperate in overcoming senescence and apoptosis in normal human fibroblasts even after depletion of p53, indicating that additional oncogenic events are required to abrogate these fail-safe mechanisms and pave the way for cellular transformation. These findings have implications for our understanding of the transformation process in human cells. Abbreviations and acronyms: CDK: Cyclin-dependent kinase; DDR: DNA damage response; DOX: Doxycycline; EdU: 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine; FACS: Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorting; MycER: MYC-estrogen receptor; OHT: 4-hydroxytamoxifen; OIS: Oncogene-induced senescence; PP2A: Protein phosphatase 2A; ROS: Reactive oxygen species; SA-β-GAL: Senescence-associated β-galactosidase; SAHF: Senescence-associated heterochromatin foci; shRNA: Short hairpin RNA; YFP: Yellow fluorescent protein.

Dataset Information

Acrolein-exposed normal human lung fibroblasts in vitro: cellular senescence, enhanced telomere erosion, and degradation of Werner's syndrome protein.

Background

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Acrolein-exposed normal human lung fibroblasts in vitro: cellular senescence, enhanced telomere erosion, and degradation of Werner's syndrome protein.

Similar Datasets

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