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Roles of cGMP-dependent protein kinase I (cGKI) and PDE5 in the regulation of Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis.

ABSTRACT: Conflicting results have been reported for the roles of cGMP and cGMP-dependent protein kinase I (cGKI) in various pathological conditions leading to cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. A cardioprotective effect of cGMP/cGKI has been reported in whole animals and isolated cardiomyocytes, but recent evidence from a mouse model expressing cGKI? only in smooth muscle (?RM) but not in cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, or fibroblasts has forced a reevaluation of the requirement for cGKI activity in the cardiomyocyte antihypertrophic effects of cGMP. In particular, ?RM mice developed the same hypertrophy as WT controls when subjected to thoracic aortic constriction or isoproterenol infusion. Here, we challenged ?RM and WT (Ctr) littermate control mice with angiotensin II (AII) infusion (7 d; 2 mg ? kg(-1) ? d(-1)) to induce hypertrophy. Both genotypes developed cardiac hypertrophy, which was more pronounced in Ctr animals. Cardiomyocyte size and interstitial fibrosis were increased equally in both genotypes. Addition of sildenafil, a phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitor, in the drinking water had a small effect in reducing myocyte hypertrophy in WT mice and no effect in ?RM mice. However, sildenafil substantially blocked the increase in collagen I, fibronectin 1, TGF?, and CTGF mRNA in Ctr but not in ?RM hearts. These data indicate that, for the initial phase of AII-induced cardiac hypertrophy, lack of cardiomyocyte cGKI activity does not worsen hypertrophic growth. However, expression of cGKI in one or more cell types other than smooth muscle is necessary to allow the antifibrotic effect of sildenafil.

SUBMITTER: Patrucco E

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4156763 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Roles of cGMP-dependent protein kinase I (cGKI) and PDE5 in the regulation of Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis.

Patrucco Enrico E Domes Katrin K Sbroggió Mauro M Blaich Anne A Schlossmann Jens J Desch Matthias M Rybalkin Sergei D SD Beavo Joseph A JA Lukowski Robert R Hofmann Franz F

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 20140819 35

Conflicting results have been reported for the roles of cGMP and cGMP-dependent protein kinase I (cGKI) in various pathological conditions leading to cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. A cardioprotective effect of cGMP/cGKI has been reported in whole animals and isolated cardiomyocytes, but recent evidence from a mouse model expressing cGKIβ only in smooth muscle (βRM) but not in cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, or fibroblasts has forced a reevaluation of the requirement for cGKI activity in th ...[more]

PMID: 25139994

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Project description:Left ventricular hypertrophy leads to heart failure and represents a high risk leading to premature death. Cyclic nucleotides (cAMP and cGMP) play a major role in heart contractility and cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are involved in different stages of advanced cardiac diseases. We have investigated their contributions in the very initial stages of left ventricular hypertrophy development. Wistar male rats were treated over two weeks by chronic infusion of angiotensin II using osmotic mini-pumps. Left cardiac ventricles were used as total homogenates for analysis. PDE1 to PDE5 specific activities and protein and mRNA expressions were explored.Rats developed arterial hypertension associated with a slight cardiac hypertrophy (+24%). cAMP-PDE4 activity was specifically increased while cGMP-PDE activities were broadly increased (+130% for PDE1; +76% for PDE2; +113% for PDE5) and associated with increased expressions for PDE1A, PDE1C and PDE5A. The cGMP-PDE1 activation by Ca(2+)/CaM was reduced. BNP expression was increased by 3.5-fold, while NOX2 expression was reduced by 66% and AMP kinase activation was increased by 64%. In early cardiac hypertrophy induced by angiotensin II, all specific PDE activities in left cardiac ventricles were increased, favoring an increase in cGMP hydrolysis by PDE1, PDE2 and PDE5. Increased cAMP hydrolysis was related to PDE4. We observed the establishment of two cardioprotective mechanisms and we suggest that these mechanisms could lead to increase intracellular cGMP: i) increased expression of BNP could increase "particulate" cGMP pool; ii) increased activation of AMPK, subsequent to increase in PDE4 activity and 5'AMP generation, could elevate "soluble" cGMP pool by enhancing NO bioavailability through NOX2 down-regulation. More studies are needed to support these assumptions. Nevertheless, our results suggest a potential link between PDE4 and AMPK/NOX2 and they point out that cGMP-PDEs, especially PDE1 and PDE2, may be interesting therapeutic targets in preventing cardiac hypertrophy.

Dataset Information

Roles of cGMP-dependent protein kinase I (cGKI) and PDE5 in the regulation of Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis.

Publications

Roles of cGMP-dependent protein kinase I (cGKI) and PDE5 in the regulation of Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis.

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