Dataset Information

Interactions of disulfide-deficient selenocysteine analogs of ?-conotoxin BuIIIB with the ?-subunit of the voltage-gated sodium channel subtype 1.3.

ABSTRACT: Inhibitors of the ?-subunit of the voltage-gated sodium channel subtype 1.3 (NaV 1.3) are of interest as pharmacological tools for the study of neuropathic pain associated with spinal cord injury and have potential therapeutic applications. The recently described ?-conotoxin BuIIIB (?-BuIIIB) from Conus bullatus was shown to block NaV 1.3 with submicromolar potency (Kd = 0.2 ?m), making it one of the most potent peptidic inhibitors of this subtype described to date. However, oxidative folding of ?-BuIIIB results in numerous folding isoforms, making it difficult to obtain sufficient quantities of the active form of the peptide for detailed structure-activity studies. In the present study, we report the synthesis and characterization of ?-BuIIIB analogs incorporating a disulfide-deficient, diselenide-containing scaffold designed to simplify synthesis and facilitate structure-activity studies directed at identifying amino acid residues involved in NaV 1.3 blockade. Our results indicate that, similar to other ?-conotoxins, the C-terminal residues (Trp16, Arg18 and His20) are most crucial for NaV 1 blockade. At the N-terminus, replacement of Glu3 by Ala resulted in an analog with an increased potency for NaV 1.3 (Kd = 0.07 ?m), implicating this position as a potential site for modification for increased potency and/or selectivity. Further examination of this position showed that increased negative charge, through ?-carboxyglutamate replacement, decreased potency (Kd = 0.33 ?m), whereas replacement with positively-charged 2,4-diamonobutyric acid increased potency (Kd = 0.036 ?m). These results provide a foundation for the design and synthesis of ?-BuIIIB-based analogs with increased potency against NaV 1.3.

SUBMITTER: Green BR

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4160447 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Interactions of disulfide-deficient selenocysteine analogs of μ-conotoxin BuIIIB with the α-subunit of the voltage-gated sodium channel subtype 1.3.

Green Brad R BR Zhang Min-Min MM Chhabra Sandeep S Robinson Samuel D SD Wilson Michael J MJ Redding Addison A Olivera Baldomero M BM Yoshikami Doju D Bulaj Grzegorz G Norton Raymond S RS

The FEBS journal 20140609 13

Inhibitors of the α-subunit of the voltage-gated sodium channel subtype 1.3 (NaV 1.3) are of interest as pharmacological tools for the study of neuropathic pain associated with spinal cord injury and have potential therapeutic applications. The recently described μ-conotoxin BuIIIB (μ-BuIIIB) from Conus bullatus was shown to block NaV 1.3 with submicromolar potency (Kd = 0.2 μm), making it one of the most potent peptidic inhibitors of this subtype described to date. However, oxidative folding of ...[more]

PMID: 24814369

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Project description:In the preparation of synthetic conotoxins containing multiple disulfide bonds, oxidative folding can produce numerous permutations of disulfide bond connectivities. Establishing the native disulfide connectivities thus presents a significant challenge when the venom-derived peptide is not available, as is increasingly the case when conotoxins are identified from cDNA sequences. Here, we investigate the disulfide connectivity of ?-conotoxin KIIIA, which was predicted originally to have a [C1-C9,C2-C15,C4-C16] disulfide pattern based on homology with closely related ?-conotoxins. The two major isomers of synthetic ?-KIIIA formed during oxidative folding were purified and their disulfide connectivities mapped by direct mass spectrometric collision-induced dissociation fragmentation of the disulfide-bonded polypeptides. Our results show that the major oxidative folding product adopts a [C1-C15,C2-C9,C4-C16] disulfide connectivity, while the minor product adopts a [C1-C16,C2-C9,C4-C15] connectivity. Both of these peptides were potent blockers of Na(V)1.2 (K(d) values of 5 and 230 nM, respectively). The solution structure for ?-KIIIA based on nuclear magnetic resonance data was recalculated with the [C1-C15,C2-C9,C4-C16] disulfide pattern; its structure was very similar to the ?-KIIIA structure calculated with the incorrect [C1-C9,C2-C15,C4-C16] disulfide pattern, with an ?-helix spanning residues 7-12. In addition, the major folding isomers of ?-KIIIB, an N-terminally extended isoform of ?-KIIIA identified from its cDNA sequence, were isolated. These folding products had the same disulfide connectivities as ?-KIIIA, and both blocked Na(V)1.2 (K(d) values of 470 and 26 nM, respectively). Our results establish that the preferred disulfide pattern of synthetic ?-KIIIA and ?-KIIIB folded in vitro is 1-5/2-4/3-6 but that other disulfide isomers are also potent sodium channel blockers. These findings raise questions about the disulfide pattern(s) of ?-KIIIA in the venom of Conus kinoshitai; indeed, the presence of multiple disulfide isomers in the venom could provide a means of further expanding the snail's repertoire of active peptides.

Dataset Information

Interactions of disulfide-deficient selenocysteine analogs of ?-conotoxin BuIIIB with the ?-subunit of the voltage-gated sodium channel subtype 1.3.

Publications

Interactions of disulfide-deficient selenocysteine analogs of μ-conotoxin BuIIIB with the α-subunit of the voltage-gated sodium channel subtype 1.3.

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