Dataset Information

Transcriptional landscape and essential genes of Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

ABSTRACT: The WHO has recently classified Neisseria gonorrhoeae as a super-bacterium due to the rapid spread of antibiotic resistant derivatives and an overall dramatic increase in infection incidences. Genome sequencing has identified potential genes, however, little is known about the transcriptional organization and the presence of non-coding RNAs in gonococci. We performed RNA sequencing to define the transcriptome and the transcriptional start sites of all gonococcal genes and operons. Numerous new transcripts including 253 potentially non-coding RNAs transcribed from intergenic regions or antisense to coding genes were identified. Strikingly, strong antisense transcription was detected for the phase-variable opa genes coding for a family of adhesins and invasins in pathogenic Neisseria, that may have regulatory functions. Based on the defined transcriptional start sites, promoter motifs were identified. We further generated and sequenced a high density Tn5 transposon library to predict a core of 827 gonococcal essential genes, 133 of which have no known function. Our combined RNA-Seq and Tn-Seq approach establishes a detailed map of gonococcal genes and defines the first core set of essential gonococcal genes.

SUBMITTER: Remmele CW

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4176332 | biostudies-literature | 2014

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Transcriptional landscape and essential genes of Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

Remmele Christian W CW Xian Yibo Y Albrecht Marco M Faulstich Michaela M Fraunholz Martin M Heinrichs Elisabeth E Dittrich Marcus T MT Müller Tobias T Reinhardt Richard R Rudel Thomas T

Nucleic acids research 20140820 16

The WHO has recently classified Neisseria gonorrhoeae as a super-bacterium due to the rapid spread of antibiotic resistant derivatives and an overall dramatic increase in infection incidences. Genome sequencing has identified potential genes, however, little is known about the transcriptional organization and the presence of non-coding RNAs in gonococci. We performed RNA sequencing to define the transcriptome and the transcriptional start sites of all gonococcal genes and operons. Numerous new t ...[more]

PMID: 25143534

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Project description:OBJECTIVE: To examine the epidemiology of the tetM gene in Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains with high level resistance to tetracycline (TRNG) using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. METHODS: A single tube PCR was developed which distinguishes between the American and Dutch variants of the tetM gene. Between 1988 and 1995, 518 strains of TRNG (tetracycline MIC > 8.mg/l) were referred to the Gonococcus Reference Unit by other laboratories or isolated from routine swabs taken at local clinics. The strains were analysed for plasmid content, auxotype, serovar, and the tetM gene type. Travel details of the patients were determined by a questionnaire. RESULTS: A PCR product was obtained from all TRNG examined. 387 TRNG strains produced a 778 bp PCR product (American type tetM) and 131 produced a 443 by PCR product (Dutch type tetM). Infections acquired in the United Kingdom contributed 57% of the TRNG strains included in this study; 82% of these carried the American type of tetM. The number of UK acquired TRNG received by the GRU increased each year except 1993--from four strains received in 1990 to 92 in 1995. After the United Kingdom, Caribbean and African countries contributed most strains, with 56 and 60 TRNG acquired in each area respectively. All strains originating in Africa, except one from South Africa, contained the American type tetM. Infections caught in Nigeria and Kenya contributed most strains (15 and 14 respectively). The TRNG originating from Caribbean countries comprised 36% Dutch tetM type. Infections caught in Jamaica accounted for 82% of the Caribbean strains. All 35 TRNG strains originating in the Far East contained the Dutch type tetM. 25 of the Far East strains were also penicillinase producing (PPNG). Infections originating in Indonesia accounted for 49% of the Far East strains but these belonged to 12 different auxotype/serovar combinations. A geographical variation in the type of penicillinase coding plasmids found in PPNG/TRNG was also detected. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that the Dutch type tetM may have originated in the Far East and the American type in the African continent. Subsequent spread has resulted in a heterogeneous distribution of TRNG types in other parts of the world. At completion of the survey the numbers of TRNG imported each year from the major overseas sources had reached a plateau while UK contracted TRNG continued to rise providing evidence for the establishment of endemic TRNG strains in the United Kingdom.

Dataset Information

Transcriptional landscape and essential genes of Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

Publications

Transcriptional landscape and essential genes of Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

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