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Comparative genomics of the Mycobacterium signaling architecture and implications for a novel live attenuated Tuberculosis vaccine.

ABSTRACT: Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb), remains a major threat to global public health. A new TB vaccine affording superior immune protection to M. bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is imperative. The advantage of a live attenuated vaccine is that it can mimic the bona fide pathogen, elicit immune responses similar to natural infection, and potentially provide more protection than other vaccines. BCG, the only vaccine and a live attenuated vaccine that is the result of cumulative mutations by serial passage of M. bovis, has provided clues for the construction of novel improved vaccines. A strategy is put forward for identifying a new live attenuated TB vaccine generated by cumulative mutation based on M.tb. Given the important role of the M.tb signaling network consisting of a two-component system, eukaryotic-like Ser/Thr protein kinase system and sigma factor system based on comparisons among M.tb H37Rv, M. bovis, and BCG, we have put a premium on this signaling circuit as the starting point for the generation of an attenuated TB vaccine.

SUBMITTER: Zhou P

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4181023 | biostudies-literature | 2014

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Comparative genomics of the Mycobacterium signaling architecture and implications for a novel live attenuated Tuberculosis vaccine.

Zhou Peifu P Xie Jianping J

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics 20130906 1

Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb), remains a major threat to global public health. A new TB vaccine affording superior immune protection to M. bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is imperative. The advantage of a live attenuated vaccine is that it can mimic the bona fide pathogen, elicit immune responses similar to natural infection, and potentially provide more protection than other vaccines. BCG, the only vaccine and a live attenuated vaccine that is the result of ...[more]

PMID: 24013364

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Project description:BackgroundTuberculosis is a serious infectious disease affecting millions of people. In spite of efforts to reduce the disease, increasing antibiotic resistance has contributed to persist in the top 10 causes of death worldwide. In fact, the increased cases of multi (MDR) and extreme drug resistance (XDR) worldwide remains the main challenge for tuberculosis control. Whole genome sequencing is a powerful tool for predicting drug resistance-related variants, studying lineages, tracking transmission, and defining outbreaks. This study presents the identification and characterization of resistant clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis including a phylogenetic and molecular resistance profile study by sequencing the complete genome of 24 strains from different provinces of Ecuador.ResultsGenomic sequencing was used to identify the variants causing resistance. A total of 15/21 isolates were identified as MDR, 4/21 as pre-XDR and 2/21 as XDR, with three isolates discarded due to low quality; the main sub-lineage was LAM (61.9%) and Haarlem (19%) but clades X, T and S were identified. Of the six pre-XDR and XDR strains, it is noteworthy that five come from females; four come from the LAM sub-lineage and two correspond to the X-class sub-lineage. A core genome of 3,750 genes, distributed in 295 subsystems, was determined. Among these, 64 proteins related to virulence and implicated in the pathogenicity of M. tuberculosis and 66 possible pharmacological targets stand out. Most variants result in nonsynonymous amino acid changes and the most frequent genotypes were identified as conferring resistance to rifampicin, isoniazid, ethambutol, para-aminosalicylic acid and streptomycin. However, an increase in the resistance to fluoroquinolones was detected.ConclusionThis work shows for the first time the variability of circulating resistant strains between men and women in Ecuador, highlighting the usefulness of genomic sequencing for the identification of emerging resistance. In this regard, we found an increase in fluoroquinolone resistance. Further sampling effort is needed to determine the total variability and associations with the metadata obtained to generate better health policies.

Dataset Information

Comparative genomics of the Mycobacterium signaling architecture and implications for a novel live attenuated Tuberculosis vaccine.

Publications

Comparative genomics of the Mycobacterium signaling architecture and implications for a novel live attenuated Tuberculosis vaccine.

Similar Datasets

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