Dataset Information

Development and validation of the Pictorial Cognitive Screening Inventory for illiterate people with dementia.

ABSTRACT:

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a tool called the Pictorial Cognitive Screening Inventory (PCSI), which consists of pictorial memory and attention tests that are not influenced by literacy level.

Patients and methods

PCSI, Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), and Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) questionnaires were administered to 80 elderly participants (20 illiterate normal, 20 illiterate with dementia, 20 literate normal, and 20 literate with dementia).

Results

PCSI scores were highly correlated with those of the MMSE (r 0.51) and the CDR (r -0.71). In addition, the PCSI scores differed significantly between the normal group and the dementia group (mean difference 1.71, standard error [SE] 0.14, P<0.001), while no such difference was observed between the illiterate group and the literate group (mean difference 0.00, SE 0.24, P=0.997). Diagnostic validity of the PCSI is excellent, with a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of 98% for screening dementia, whereas the MMSE has a sensitivity of 85% and a specificity of 60%.

Conclusion

These results indicate that the PCSI is a sensitive and reliable test for screening dementia, regardless of an individual's literacy skills. The PCSI meets the increasing needs for screening of dementia in illiterate elderly populations in developing countries.

SUBMITTER: Park S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4181741 | biostudies-literature | 2014

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Development and validation of the Pictorial Cognitive Screening Inventory for illiterate people with dementia.

Park Soowon S Park Se-Eun SE Kim Min-Ji MJ Jung Hee-Yeon HY Choi Jung-Seok JS Park Kee-Hwan KH Kim Inhye I Lee Jun-Young JY

Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment 20140923

<h4>Purpose</h4>The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a tool called the Pictorial Cognitive Screening Inventory (PCSI), which consists of pictorial memory and attention tests that are not influenced by literacy level.<h4>Patients and methods</h4>PCSI, Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), and Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) questionnaires were administered to 80 elderly participants (20 illiterate normal, 20 illiterate with dementia, 20 literate normal, and 20 literate with dement ...[more]

PMID: 25285007

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Project description:BackgroundA digital cognitive test can be a useful and quick tool for the screening of cognitive impairment. Previous studies have shown that the diagnostic performance of digital cognitive tests is comparable with that of conventional paper-and-pencil tests. However, the use of commercially available digital cognitive tests is not common in Hong Kong, which may be due to the high cost of the tests and the language barrier. Thus, we developed a brief and user-friendly digital cognitive test called the Electronic Cognitive Screen (EC-Screen) for the detection of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia of older adults.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the EC-Screen for the detection of MCI and dementia in older adults.MethodsThe EC-Screen is a brief digital cognitive test that has been adapted from the Rapid Cognitive Screen test. The EC-Screen uses a cloud-based platform and runs on a tablet. Participants with MCI, dementia, and cognitively healthy controls were recruited from research clinics and the community. The outcomes were the performance of the EC-Screen in distinguishing participants with MCI and dementia from controls, and in distinguishing participants with dementia from those with MCI and controls. The cohort was randomly split into derivation and validation cohorts based on the participants' disease group. In the derivation cohort, the regression-derived score of the EC-Screen was calculated using binomial logistic regression. Two predictive models were produced. The first model was used to distinguish participants with MCI and dementia from controls, and the second model was used to distinguish participants with dementia from those with MCI and controls. Receiver operating characteristic curves were constructed and the areas under the curves (AUCs) were calculated. The performances of the two predictive models were tested using the validation cohorts. The relationship between the EC-Screen and paper-and-pencil Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Hong Kong version (HK-MoCA) was evaluated by the Pearson correlation coefficient.ResultsA total of 126 controls, 54 participants with MCI, and 63 participants with dementia were included in the study. In differentiating participants with MCI and dementia from controls, the AUC of the EC-Screen in the derivation and validation cohorts was 0.87 and 0.84, respectively. The optimal sensitivity and specificity in the derivation cohorts were 0.81 and 0.80, respectively. In differentiating participants with dementia from those with MCI and controls, the AUC of the derivation and validation cohorts was 0.90 and 0.88, respectively. The optimal sensitivity and specificity in the derivation cohort were 0.83 and 0.83, respectively. There was a significant correlation between the EC-Screen and HK-MoCA (r=-0.67, P<.001).ConclusionsThe EC-Screen is suggested to be a promising tool for the detection of MCI and dementia. This test can be self-administered or assisted by a nonprofessional staff or family member. Therefore, the EC-Screen can be a useful tool for case finding in primary health care and community settings.

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Dataset Information

Development and validation of the Pictorial Cognitive Screening Inventory for illiterate people with dementia.

Purpose

Patients and methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Development and validation of the Pictorial Cognitive Screening Inventory for illiterate people with dementia.

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