Dataset Information

Estimation of genomic breeding values using the Horseshoe prior.

ABSTRACT:

Background

A method for estimating genomic breeding values (GEBV) based on the Horseshoe prior was introduced and used on the analysis of the 16(th) QTLMAS workshop dataset, which resembles three milk production traits. The method was compared with five commonly used methods: Bayes A, Bayes B, Bayes C, Bayesian Lasso and GLUP.

Methods

The main difference between the methods is the prior distribution assumed during the estimation of the SNP effects. The distribution of the Bayesian Lasso is a Laplace distribution; for Bayes A is a Student-t; for Bayes B and Bayes C is a spike and slab prior combining a proportion of SNP without effect and a proportion with effect distributed as a Student-t or Gaussian for Bayes B and C, respectively; for GBLUP is similar to a ridge regression. The distribution for the Horseshoe prior behaves like log(1+1/?(2)) (up to a constant). It has an infinite spike at zero and heavy tail that decay by ?(-2) (slower than the Laplace or the Student-t). The implementation of all methods (except GBLUP) was done using a MCMC approach, where the relevant parameters defining the prior distributions were jointly estimated from the data. The GBLUP was done using ASREML.

Results

The accuracy for all methods ranged from 0.74 to 0.83, representing an improvement of 44% to 78% over the traditional BLUP evaluation. GEBV with the highest accuracy were obtained with Bayes A, Bayes B and the Horseshoe prior. The Horseshoe tended to select smaller number of SNP and assigning them larger effects, while strongly shrinking the remaining SNP to have an effect closer to zero.

Conclusions

The Horseshoe prior showed a different shrinkage pattern than the other methods. While for this specific dataset, this has little impact on the accuracy of the GEBV, it may prove a good property to discriminate true effect from noise, and thereby, improve overall prediction under different scenarios.

SUBMITTER: Pong-Wong R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4195408 | biostudies-literature | 2014

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Estimation of genomic breeding values using the Horseshoe prior.

Pong-Wong Ricardo R

BMC proceedings 20141007 Suppl 5

<h4>Background</h4>A method for estimating genomic breeding values (GEBV) based on the Horseshoe prior was introduced and used on the analysis of the 16(th) QTLMAS workshop dataset, which resembles three milk production traits. The method was compared with five commonly used methods: Bayes A, Bayes B, Bayes C, Bayesian Lasso and GLUP.<h4>Methods</h4>The main difference between the methods is the prior distribution assumed during the estimation of the SNP effects. The distribution of the Bayesian ...[more]

PMID: 25519520

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Project description:Genomic selection has the potential to increase genetic progress. Genotype imputation of high-density single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes can improve the cost efficiency of genomic breeding value (GEBV) prediction for pig breeding. Consequently, the objectives of this work were to: (1) estimate accuracy of genomic evaluation and GEBV for three traits in a Yorkshire population and (2) quantify the loss of accuracy of genomic evaluation and GEBV when genotypes were imputed under two scenarios: a high-cost, high-accuracy scenario in which only selection candidates were imputed from a low-density platform and a low-cost, low-accuracy scenario in which all animals were imputed using a small reference panel of haplotypes. Phenotypes and genotypes obtained with the PorcineSNP60 BeadChip were available for 983 Yorkshire boars. Genotypes of selection candidates were masked and imputed using tagSNP in the GeneSeek Genomic Profiler (10K). Imputation was performed with BEAGLE using 128 or 1800 haplotypes as reference panels. GEBV were obtained through an animal-centric ridge regression model using de-regressed breeding values as response variables. Accuracy of genomic evaluation was estimated as the correlation between estimated breeding values and GEBV in a 10-fold cross validation design. Accuracy of genomic evaluation using observed genotypes was high for all traits (0.65-0.68). Using genotypes imputed from a large reference panel (accuracy: R(2) = 0.95) for genomic evaluation did not significantly decrease accuracy, whereas a scenario with genotypes imputed from a small reference panel (R(2) = 0.88) did show a significant decrease in accuracy. Genomic evaluation based on imputed genotypes in selection candidates can be implemented at a fraction of the cost of a genomic evaluation using observed genotypes and still yield virtually the same accuracy. On the other side, using a very small reference panel of haplotypes to impute training animals and candidates for selection results in lower accuracy of genomic evaluation.

Project description:BackgroundIn farmed Atlantic salmon, heritability for uniformity of body weight is low, indicating that the accuracy of estimated breeding values (EBV) may be low. The use of genomic information could be one way to increase accuracy and, hence, obtain greater response to selection. Genomic information can be merged with pedigree information to construct a combined relationship matrix ([Formula: see text] matrix) for a single-step genomic evaluation (ssGBLUP), allowing realized relationships of the genotyped animals to be exploited, in addition to numerator pedigree relationships ([Formula: see text] matrix). We compared the predictive ability of EBV for uniformity of body weight in Atlantic salmon, when implementing either the [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text] matrix in the genetic evaluation. We used double hierarchical generalized linear models (DHGLM) based either on a sire-dam (sire-dam DHGLM) or an animal model (animal DHGLM) for both body weight and its uniformity.ResultsWith the animal DHGLM, the use of [Formula: see text] instead of [Formula: see text] significantly increased the correlation between the predicted EBV and adjusted phenotypes, which is a measure of predictive ability, for both body weight and its uniformity (41.1 to 78.1%). When log-transformed body weights were used to account for a scale effect, the use of [Formula: see text] instead of [Formula: see text] produced a small and non-significant increase (1.3 to 13.9%) in predictive ability. The sire-dam DHGLM had lower predictive ability for uniformity compared to the animal DHGLM.ConclusionsUse of the combined numerator and genomic relationship matrix ([Formula: see text]) significantly increased the predictive ability of EBV for uniformity when using the animal DHGLM for untransformed body weight. The increase was only minor when using log-transformed body weights, which may be due to the lower heritability of scaled uniformity, the lower genetic correlation of transformed body weight with its uniformity compared to the untransformed traits, and the small number of genotyped animals in the reference population. This study shows that ssGBLUP increases the accuracy of EBV for uniformity of body weight and is expected to increase response to selection in uniformity.

Project description:BackgroundRunning multiple-chain Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) provides an efficient parallel computing method for complex Bayesian models, although the efficiency of the approach critically depends on the length of the non-parallelizable burn-in period, for which all simulated data are discarded. In practice, this burn-in period is set arbitrarily and often leads to the performance of far more iterations than required. In addition, the accuracy of genomic predictions does not improve after the MCMC reaches equilibrium.ResultsAutomatic tuning of the burn-in length for running multiple-chain MCMC was proposed in the context of genomic predictions using BayesA and BayesCπ models. The performance of parallel computing versus sequential computing and tunable burn-in MCMC versus fixed burn-in MCMC was assessed using simulation data sets as well by applying these methods to genomic predictions of a Chinese Simmental beef cattle population. The results showed that tunable burn-in parallel MCMC had greater speedups than fixed burn-in parallel MCMC, and both had greater speedups relative to sequential (single-chain) MCMC. Nevertheless, genomic estimated breeding values (GEBVs) and genomic prediction accuracies were highly comparable between the various computing approaches. When applied to the genomic predictions of four quantitative traits in a Chinese Simmental population of 1217 beef cattle genotyped by an Illumina Bovine 770 K SNP BeadChip, tunable burn-in multiple-chain BayesCπ (TBM-BayesCπ) outperformed tunable burn-in multiple-chain BayesCπ (TBM-BayesA) and Genomic Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (GBLUP) in terms of the prediction accuracy, although the differences were not necessarily caused by computational factors and could have been intrinsic to the statistical models per se.ConclusionsAutomatically tunable burn-in multiple-chain MCMC provides an accurate and cost-effective tool for high-performance computing of Bayesian genomic prediction models, and this algorithm is generally applicable to high-performance computing of any complex Bayesian statistical model.

Project description:The analysis of large genomic data is hampered by issues such as a small number of observations and a large number of predictive variables (commonly known as "large P small N"), high dimensionality or highly correlated data structures. Machine learning methods are renowned for dealing with these problems. To date machine learning methods have been applied in Genome-Wide Association Studies for identification of candidate genes, epistasis detection, gene network pathway analyses and genomic prediction of phenotypic values. However, the utility of two machine learning methods, Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM) and Extreme Gradient Boosting Method (XgBoost), in identifying a subset of SNP makers for genomic prediction of breeding values has never been explored before. In this study, using 38,082 SNP markers and body weight phenotypes from 2,093 Brahman cattle (1,097 bulls as a discovery population and 996 cows as a validation population), we examined the efficiency of three machine learning methods, namely Random Forests (RF), GBM and XgBoost, in (a) the identification of top 400, 1,000, and 3,000 ranked SNPs; (b) using the subsets of SNPs to construct genomic relationship matrices (GRMs) for the estimation of genomic breeding values (GEBVs). For comparison purposes, we also calculated the GEBVs from (1) 400, 1,000, and 3,000 SNPs that were randomly selected and evenly spaced across the genome, and (2) from all the SNPs. We found that RF and especially GBM are efficient methods in identifying a subset of SNPs with direct links to candidate genes affecting the growth trait. In comparison to the estimate of prediction accuracy of GEBVs from using all SNPs (0.43), the 3,000 top SNPs identified by RF (0.42) and GBM (0.46) had similar values to those of the whole SNP panel. The performance of the subsets of SNPs from RF and GBM was substantially better than that of evenly spaced subsets across the genome (0.18-0.29). Of the three methods, RF and GBM consistently outperformed the XgBoost in genomic prediction accuracy.

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Dataset Information

Estimation of genomic breeding values using the Horseshoe prior.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Estimation of genomic breeding values using the Horseshoe prior.

Similar Datasets

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