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The effect of Astragalus extractive on alveolar bone rebuilding progress of tooth extracted socket of ovariectomied rats.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) is an estrogen deficiency condition that causes severe loss of bone mass in the vertebrae and long bones. We explored the effect and the possible underlying mechanism of the extracts of Astragalus (AE) on the tooth alveolar bone rebuilding progress of postmenopausal osteoporosis of PMO animal models. MATERIAL AND METHODS:The PMO models were acquired by ovariectomy. After 8 weeks the first left maxillary molars of the rats were extracted and AE was administered orally for 8 weeks. Then the histological morphology and the transcription and expression of TGF-?1 and TNF-? in the tooth extracted socket were detected by HE dying, QRT-PCR and ELISA. RESULTS:The results showed that the new bone volume and TGF-?1 was significantly lower in PMO group than the control group and AE group at the observing period. At the same time TNF-? in PMO group was significantly higher than the other two groups. Moreover AE group had no significant differences with the control group in all data at the observing period. CONCLUSION:AE has positive effect on alveolar bone rebuilding progress of tooth extracted socket of PMO rats. AE also has the potential to enhance the expression of TGF-?1 and decrease the expression of TNF-? of the rebuilding tooth extracted socket.

SUBMITTER: Liu X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4202524 | biostudies-literature | 2014

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The effect of Astragalus extractive on alveolar bone rebuilding progress of tooth extracted socket of ovariectomied rats.

Liu Xiaochen X Zhang Runju R Zhou Yi Y Yang Yanli Y Si Hongling H Li Xiaohong X Liu Li L

African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines : AJTCAM 20140823 5

<h4>Background</h4>Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) is an estrogen deficiency condition that causes severe loss of bone mass in the vertebrae and long bones. We explored the effect and the possible underlying mechanism of the extracts of Astragalus (AE) on the tooth alveolar bone rebuilding progress of postmenopausal osteoporosis of PMO animal models.<h4>Material and methods</h4>The PMO models were acquired by ovariectomy. After 8 weeks the first left maxillary molars of the rats were extracted ...[more]

PMID: 25395711

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Project description:Tooth extraction results in alveolar bone resorption and is accompanied by postoperative swelling and pain. Maresin 1 (MaR1) is a proresolving lipid mediator produced by macrophages during the resolution phase of inflammation, bridging healing and tissue regeneration. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of MaR1 on tooth extraction socket wound healing in a preclinical rat model. The maxillary right first molars of Sprague-Dawley rats were extracted, and gelatin scaffolds were placed into the sockets with or without MaR1. Topical application was also given twice a week until complete socket wound closure up to 14 d. Immediate postoperative pain was assessed by 3 scores. Histology and microcomputed tomography were used to assess socket bone fill and alveolar ridge dimensional changes at selected dates. The assessments of coded specimens were performed by masked, calibrated examiners. Local application of MaR1 potently accelerated extraction socket healing. Macroscopic and histologic analysis revealed a reduced soft tissue wound opening and more rapid re-epithelialization with MaR1 delivery versus vehicle on socket healing. Under micro-computed tomography analysis, MaR1 (especially at 0.05 μg/μL) stimulated greater socket bone fill at day 10 as compared with the vehicle-treated animals, resulting in less buccal plate resorption and a wider alveolar ridge by day 21. Interestingly, an increased ratio of CD206+:CD68+ macrophages was identified in the sockets with MaR1 application under immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence analysis. As compared with the vehicle therapy, local delivery of MaR1 reduced immediate postoperative surrogate pain score panels. In summary, MaR1 accelerated extraction wound healing, promoted socket bone fill, preserved alveolar ridge bone, and reduced postoperative pain in vivo with a rodent preclinical model. Local administration of MaR1 offers clinical potential to accelerate extraction socket wound healing for more predictable dental implant reconstruction.

Project description:OBJECTIVE:To explore the feasibility of immediate implantation after tooth extraction in the maxillary molar socket with poor bone quality beneath the sinus. METHODS:We collected the data from the patients undergoing extraction of maxillary molars with poor bone quality between the sockets and sinuses. Sinus lifting and immediate implant following the extraction were performed simultaneously in these cases, and the primary stability of the implants, wound healing, and changes of the sinus were observed. At 6 months after the operations, the crowns were installed on the implants. The masticatory function was observed, and the growth of the alveolar bones and their changes after the operations were examined using microcomputed tomography (MCT). RESULTS:We analyzed 32 extraction cases with immediate implantation in the maxillary molar sockets with poor bone quality beneath the sinus. The average age of the patients was 59.8 years, and the length and diameter of the implant ranged from 8.5 to 10 mm and from 4.5 to 5.5 mm, respectively. The torque force of the implants varied from the minimum (in which cases the implants remained fixed after insertion with fingers) to the maximum of 30 N·cm. The postoperative recovery was uneventful in all the cases and no failed or movable implants were found. At 6 months after the operation, none of the patients showed abnormalities in the sinus, and in all the cases the crowns were successfully installed on the implants with good recovery of the masticatory functions. Follow-up of the patients for 12 to 96 months after the operation showed successful immediate implantation in all the cases. After the operation, the changes of the mean alveolar ridge heights on the buccal, palatal, mesial, and distal sides of the patients were 0.8069±0.6253 mm (t=1.2904, P>0.1), 0.5272± 0.3331 mm (t=1.5836, P>0.05), 0.5416±0.4048 mm (t=1.3379, P>0.05), and 0.5172±0.3874 mm (t=1.3351, P>0.05), respectively; the change of the alveolar ridge width was 0.5522±0.4381 mm (t=1.2604, P>0.1) mm. The dimension of the alveolar bone underwent no significant changes after the operation in these patients. CONCLUSIONS:Immediate implantation in the maxillary extraction socket with a poor bone quality can avoid damages to the sinus and achieve good outcomes with such advantages of less trauma, full use of the innate gingiva and alveolar ridge, and well preserved morphology of the alveolar ridge as compared with delayed implantation.

Project description:The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between alveolar bone deformation and β-catenin expression levels in response to the mechanical load changed by dental extraction in adult rats. Twenty-four male rats (Rattus norvegicus albinus), Wistar linage, at 2 months of age, were used. The right upper incisor tooth was extracted, and euthanasia occurred in periods 5 (n = 6), 7 (n = 6), and 14 (n = 6) days after Day 0. In the control group (n = 6), the dentition was maintained. The euthanasia occurred within 14 days after day 0. After euthanasia, the rats of all groups had their left jaw with tooth removed and separated in the middle. The pieces were undergone routine histological processing and then the immunohistochemical marking were performed to label expression of the primary β-catenin antibody, which was evaluated by qualitative and quantitative analysis. One head by each group (control and experimental) was submitted to computerized microtomography. After the three-dimensional reconstruction of the skull of the rat in each group, the computational simulation for finite elements analysis were performed to simulate a bite in the incisors. In finite element analysis, the strain patterns were evaluated after the application of bite force. The results were analyzed considering the areas in which changes in the amount of deformations were detected. The action of the bite force in the experimental condition, resulted in a uniform distribution of the amount of deformations, in addition to lower amount of deformation areas, differentiating from the control group. Comparing with the control group, the levels of β-catenin signaled in the lingual bone of the middle third of the alveolar bone were raised in the periods of 5 and 14 days. The increased β-catenin positive staining intensity was concentrated on osteocytes and gaps of osteocytes. The findings of the present study were in accordance with our hypothesis that the condition of dental extraction can cause the expression of β-catenin and alter the regimes of bone deformation.

Project description:Bisphosphonate (BP)-related osteonecrosis of the jaw, previously known as BRONJ, now referred to more broadly as medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ), is a morbid condition that represents a significant risk for oncology patients who have received high dose intravenous (IV) infusion of a potent nitrogen containing BP (N-BP) drug. At present, no clinical procedure is available to prevent or effectively treat MRONJ. Although the pathophysiological basis is not yet fully understood, legacy adsorbed N-BP in jawbone has been proposed to be associated with BRONJ by one or more mechanisms. We hypothesized that removal of the pre-adsorbed N-BP drug common to these pathological mechanisms from alveolar bone could be an effective preventative/therapeutic strategy. This study demonstrates that fluorescently labeled BP pre-adsorbed on the surface of murine maxillo-cranial bone in vivo can be displaced by subsequent application of other BPs. We previously described rodent BRONJ models involving the combination of N-BP treatment such as zoledronate (ZOL) and dental initiating factors such as tooth extraction. We further refined our mouse model by using gel food during the first 7?days of the tooth extraction wound healing period, which decreased confounding food pellet impaction problems in the open boney socket. This refined mouse model does not manifest BRONJ-like severe jawbone exposure, but development of osteonecrosis around the extraction socket and chronic gingival inflammation are clearly exhibited. In this study, we examined the effect of benign BP displacement of legacy N-BP on tooth extraction wound healing in the in vivo model. Systemic IV administration of a low potency BP (lpBP: defined as inactive at 100??M in a standard protein anti-prenylation assay) did not significantly attenuate jawbone osteonecrosis. We then developed an intra-oral formulation of lpBP, which when injected into the gingiva adjacent to the tooth prior to extraction, dramatically reduced the osteocyte necrosis area. Furthermore, the tooth extraction wound healing pattern was normalized, as evidenced by timely closure of oral soft tissue without epithelial hyperplasia, significantly reduced gingival inflammation and increased new bone filling in the extraction socket. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that local application of a rescue BP prior to dental surgery can decrease the amount of a legacy N-BP drug in proximate jawbone surfaces below the threshold that promotes osteocyte necrosis. This observation should provide a conceptual basis for a novel strategy to improve socket healing in patients treated with BPs while preserving therapeutic benefit from anti-resorptive N-BP drug in vertebral and appendicular bones.

Dataset Information

The effect of Astragalus extractive on alveolar bone rebuilding progress of tooth extracted socket of ovariectomied rats.

Publications

The effect of Astragalus extractive on alveolar bone rebuilding progress of tooth extracted socket of ovariectomied rats.

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