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Sequence and organization of the Neodiprion lecontei nucleopolyhedrovirus genome.

ABSTRACT: All fully sequenced baculovirus genomes, with the exception of the dipteran Culex nigripalpus nucleopolyhedrovirus (CuniNPV), have previously been from Lepidoptera. This study reports the sequencing and characterization of a hymenopteran baculovirus, Neodiprion lecontei nucleopolyhedrovirus (NeleNPV), from the redheaded pine sawfly. NeleNPV has the smallest genome so far published (81,755 bp) and has a GC content of only 33.3%. It contains 89 potential open reading frames, 43 with baculovirus homologues, 6 identified by conserved domains, and 1 with homology to a densovirus structural protein. Average amino acid identity of homologues ranged from 19.7% with CuniNPV to 24.9% with Spodoptera exigua nucleopolyhedrovirus. The conserved set of baculovirus genes has dropped to 29, since NeleNPV lacks an F protein homologue (ac23/ld130). NeleNPV contains 12 conserved lepidopteran baculovirus genes, including that for DNA binding protein, late expression factor 11 (lef-11), polyhedrin, occlusion derived virus envelope protein-18 (odv-e18), p40, and p45, but lacks 21 others, including lef-3, me53, immediate early gene-1, lef-6, pp31, odv-e66, few polyhedra 25k, odv-e25, protein kinase-1, fibroblast growth factor, and ubiquitin. The lack of identified baculovirus homologues may be due to difficulties in identification, differences in host-virus interactions, or other genes performing similar functions. Gene parity plots showed limited colinearity of NeleNPV with other baculoviruses, and phylogenetic analysis indicates that NeleNPV may have existed before the lepidopteran nucleopolyhedrovirus and granulovirus divergence. The creation of two new Baculoviridae genera to fit hymenopteran and dipteran baculoviruses may be necessary.

SUBMITTER: Lauzon HA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC421645 | biostudies-literature | 2004 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Sequence and organization of the Neodiprion lecontei nucleopolyhedrovirus genome.

Lauzon Hilary A M HA Lucarotti Christopher J CJ Krell Peter J PJ Feng Qili Q Retnakaran Arthur A Arif Basil M BM

Journal of virology 20040701 13

All fully sequenced baculovirus genomes, with the exception of the dipteran Culex nigripalpus nucleopolyhedrovirus (CuniNPV), have previously been from Lepidoptera. This study reports the sequencing and characterization of a hymenopteran baculovirus, Neodiprion lecontei nucleopolyhedrovirus (NeleNPV), from the redheaded pine sawfly. NeleNPV has the smallest genome so far published (81,755 bp) and has a GC content of only 33.3%. It contains 89 potential open reading frames, 43 with baculovirus ho ...[more]

PMID: 15194779

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Project description:BACKGROUND: The completion and reporting of baculovirus genomes is extremely important as it advances our understanding of gene function and evolution. Due to the large number of viral genomes now sequenced it is very important that authors present significantly detailed analyses to advance the understanding of the viral genomes. However, there is no report of the Antheraea pernyi nucleopolyhedrovirus (AnpeNPV) genome. RESULTS: The genome of AnpeNPV, which infects Chinese tussah silkworm (Antheraea pernyi), was sequenced and analyzed. The genome was 126,629 bp in size. The G+C content of the genome, 53.4%, was higher than that of most of the sequenced baculoviruses. 147 open reading frames (ORFs) that putatively encode proteins of 50 or more amino acid residues with minimal overlap were determined. Of the 147 ORFs, 143 appeared to be homologous to other baculovirus genes, and 4 were unique to AnpeNPV. Furthermore, there are still 29 and 33 conserved genes present in all baculoviruses and all lepidopteran baculoviruses respectively. In addition, the total number of genes common to all lepidopteran NPVs is sill 74, however the 74 genes are somewhat different from the 74 genes identified before because of some new sequenced NPVs. Only 6 genes were found exclusively in all lepidopteran NPVs and 12 genes were found exclusively in all Group I NPVs. AnpeNPV encodes v-trex(Anpe115, a 3' to 5' repair exonuclease), which was observed only in CfMNPV and CfDEFNPV in Group I NPVs. This gene potentially originated by horizontal gene transfer from an ancestral host. In addition, AnpeNPV encodes two conotoxin-like gene homologues (ctls), ctl1 and ctl2, which were observed only in HycuNPV, OpMNPV and LdMNPV. Unlike other baculoviruses, only 3 typical homologous regions (hrs) were identified containing 2~9 repeats of a 30 bp-long palindromic core. However, 24 perfect or imperfect direct repeats (drs) with a high degree of AT content were found within the intergenic spacer regions that may function as non-hr, ori-like regions found in GrleGV, CpGV and AdorGV. 9 drs were also found in intragenic spacer regions of AnpeNPV. CONCLUSION: AnpeNPV belongs to Group I NPVs and is most similar to HycuNPV, EppoNPV, OpMNPV and CfMNPV based on gene content, genome arrangement, and amino acid identity. In addition, analysis of genes that flank hrs supported the argument that these regions are involved in the transfer of sequences between the virus and host.

Dataset Information

Sequence and organization of the Neodiprion lecontei nucleopolyhedrovirus genome.

Publications

Sequence and organization of the Neodiprion lecontei nucleopolyhedrovirus genome.

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