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ET-54IMMUNOTHERAPY BASED ON TUMOR TRANSPLANT ANTIGEN RECOGNITION EMERGES AS A PROMISING STRATEGY FOR RECURRENT GLIOBLASTOMA MULTIFORME (GBM) PATIENTS

ABSTRACT: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) prognosis remains very poor. This is especially true when the tumors relapse on the current standard of care treatments. Our preclinical data, generated in a rat CNS-1 glioma model in Lewis rats, provided the scientific rationale for a prototype clinical vaccine preparation, named ERC 1671 (Gliovac). ERC1671 is composed of autologous antigens, derived from the patient's own tumour tissue, and administered in conjunction with allogeneic antigens from histologically confirmed glioma tumours removed from other glioma patients. This new treatment was administered to recurrent, treatment resistant GBM patients, and compared to historic controls. 12 GBM patients with recurrent disease who recurred after standard of care treatment, including surgery followed by concomitant radiotherapy and chemotherapy with temozolomide, and for US patients, bevacizumab as second line treatment were treated under compassionate use/ hospital exemption protocols. ERC 1671 was given intra-dermally, every three days. Each injection was administered together with human granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (Leukine®), and preceded by a regimen of regulatory T cell-depleting, low-dose cyclophosphamide. Our data suggest that ERC1671 administration in patients that have failed standard of care therapies enhances both progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Median OS for all 12 ERC1671 treated patients was 36 weeks versus 13 weeks in the historical control group (p= 0.0076). Patients with a higher KPS at tumour recurrence (>60) had a longer OS (43 weeks). Six-month survival for the 12 patients was 60% versus 20% in the historical control groups. Six-month survival for the 7 patients with KPS > 60 was 100%. Our first results suggest that ERC1671 has low toxicity and very promising efficacy. A phase II trial has recently been initiated in recurrent, bevacizumab naïve GBM patients (NCT00122681).

SUBMITTER: Schijns V

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4218150 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Median survival for patients with recurrent GBM is <6 months. Front-line systemic therapy is temozolomide but resistance due to O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT) activity is implicated in poor outcomes. Dianhydrogalactitol (VAL-083) is a structurally unique bi-functional DNA alkylating agent that accumulates in brain tumor tissue. In in vitro studies, VAL-083 demonstrated activity in pediatric and adult GBM cell lines, as well as GBM cancer stem cells. Notably, VAL-083 overcomes resistance to MGMT in vitro. Previous clinical studies suggest that VAL-083 has anti-tumor activity against a range of tumors, including GBM. In light of extensive safety data from clinical trials and promising efficacy in CNS tumors, we initiated a new clinical study to establish the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and identify a dose and dosing regimen for future efficacy trials in GBM. Early in the development of VAL-083, a cumulative IV dose of 125 mg/m2 delivered in a 35 day cycle in combination with radiation was shown superior to radiation alone in brain cancer (Eagan, et al. 1979). In the present study, the cumulative dose in a 33 day cycle ranges from 9 mg/m2 (cohort 1) to 240 mg/m2 (cohort 7). Six dose cohorts have completed the trial with no drug-related serious adverse events: MTD was not yet reached. Enrollment for cohort 7 (33 day cumulative dose: 240 mg/m2) has been initiated and higher doses may be explored; the results will determine the design of the safety and efficacy registration trial. METHODS: Open-label, single-arm Phase I/II dose-escalation study in patients with histologically-confirmed initial diagnosis of malignant GBM. The study utilizes a 3 + 3 dose-escalation design. Patients receive VAL-083 IV on days 1, 2, and 3 of a 21 day cycle. GBM patients previously been treated with surgery and/or radiation, if appropriate, must have failed both bevacizumab and temozolomide, unless contraindicated. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT01478178.

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ET-54IMMUNOTHERAPY BASED ON TUMOR TRANSPLANT ANTIGEN RECOGNITION EMERGES AS A PROMISING STRATEGY FOR RECURRENT GLIOBLASTOMA MULTIFORME (GBM) PATIENTS

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