Abscisic acid catabolism in maize kernels in response to water deficit at early endosperm development.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Wang Z
PROVIDER: S-EPMC4240455 | biostudies-literature | 2002 Nov
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Abscisic acid catabolism in maize kernels in response to water deficit at early endosperm development.
Wang Zhaolong Z Mambelli Stefania S Setter Tim L TL
Annals of botany. 20021101 5
To further our understanding of the greater susceptibility of apical kernels in maize inflorescences to water stress, abscisic acid (ABA) catabolism activity was evaluated in developing kernels with chirally separated (+)-[(3)H]ABA. The predominant pathway of ABA catabolism was via 8'-hydroxylase to form phaseic acid, while conjugation to glucose was minor. In response to water deficit imposed on whole plants during kernel development, ABA accumulated to higher concentrations in apical than basa ...[more]
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Project description:The goal of this work was to identify transcripts in maize endosperm that are regulated by water stress and the transcription factor Vp1 Keywords: stress response
2017-04-19 | GSE7672 | GEO
Project description:The goal of this work was to identify transcripts in maize endosperm that are regulated by water stress and the transcription factor Vp1 Keywords: stress response Plants were grown from F1 hybrid seed produced from inbreds W22 and ACR5855, where both inbred parents contributed mutant vp1-R alleles. Florets were fertilized with pollen from either homozygous vp1 pollen, thus creating vp1/vp1/vp1 mutant endosperms, or Vp1 pollen, thus creating Vp1/vp1/vp1 endosperms. Water stress treatment was imposed by withholding irrigation at 5 days after pollination; endosperms were sampled at 10 d after pollination. The study had 2 X 2 factorial design with two genotypes and two watering treatments; there were 6 biological replicates.
2017-04-19 | E-GEOD-7672 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:BACKGROUND: Kernel moisture at harvest is an important trait since a low value is required to prevent unexpected early germination and ensure seed preservation. It is also well known that early germination occurs in viviparous mutants, which are impaired in abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis. To provide some insight into the genetic determinism of kernel desiccation in maize, quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were detected for traits related to kernel moisture and ABA content in both embryo and endosperm during kernel desiccation. In parallel, the expression and mapping of genes involved in kernel desiccation and ABA biosynthesis, were examined to detect candidate genes. RESULTS: The use of an intermated recombinant inbred line population allowed for precise QTL mapping. For 29 traits examined in an unreplicated time course trial of days after pollination, a total of 78 QTLs were detected, 43 being related to kernel desiccation, 15 to kernel weight and 20 to ABA content. Multi QTL models explained 35 to 50% of the phenotypic variation for traits related to water status, indicating a large genetic control amenable to breeding. Ten of the 20 loci controlling ABA content colocated with previously detected QTLs controlling water status and ABA content in water stressed leaves. Mapping of candidate genes associated with kernel desiccation and ABA biosynthesis revealed several colocations between genes with putative functions and QTLs. Parallel investigation via RT-PCR experiments showed that the expression patterns of the ABA-responsive Rab17 and Rab28 genes as well as the late embryogenesis abundant Emb5 and aquaporin genes were related to desiccation rate and parental allele effect. Database searches led to the identification and mapping of two zeaxanthin epoxidase (ZEP) and five novel 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED) related genes, both gene families being involved in ABA biosynthesis. The expression of these genes appeared independent in the embryo and endosperm and not correlated with ABA content in either tissue. CONCLUSIONS: A high resolution QTL map for kernel desiccation and ABA content in embryo and endosperm showed several precise colocations between desiccation and ABA traits. Five new members of the maize NCED gene family and another maize ZEP gene were identified and mapped. Among all the identified candidates, aquaporins and members of the Responsive to ABA gene family appeared better candidates than NCEDs and ZEPs.
| S-EPMC2826337 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Purpose: to screen the candidate genes involved in the peanut drought stress response, we conducted global transcriptome analysis of peanut plants challenged with water deficit and ABA, using the Illumina HiSeq2000 sequencing platform. Methods: a sequences library of Yueyou7 were constructed at first. Then the profile of diffentialy expressed genes (DEGs) under three different treatments (control, water deficit without ABA, and water deficit with ABA) were conducted based on above sequence library. For sequencing library construction, plants were grown under normal conditions, as described previously , Seeds were planted in soil and kep in the greenhouse at temperature of 25-30℃ and water well. Three tissues (leaves, roots, and stems) were collected at three development stages (four-leaf, flowering and podding stages), respectively. Then all of these tissues were mixed to extract the total RNA for sequence library construction. For DEGs study, two-week-old plants were divided into three groups with three independent replication: (1). Water deficit without ABA groups. Plants directly steeped in water containing 30% PEG600 for 30 min in this groups. (2) Water deficit with ABA groups. Plant was subjected to 100 µmol/L ABA for 30 min and then steeped in water containing 30% PEG6000 for 30 min in this groups, (3) Control. Plants steeped in H2O. All treatments were conducted in parallel. After treatments, Total RNA was extracted from 100 mg of plant material, and RNA integrity was checked by gel electrophoresis. Also RNA quality was checked and RNA was quantified using the Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer (Agilent technologies, Santa Clara, CA) and Nanodrop ND-1000 (Thermo Scientific, Waltham, USA). Results: we generated 4.96×107 raw sequence reads and assembled the high quality reads into 92,390 unique genes. Compared with the control, we found that 621 genes (≥1.5 fold change) responded rapidly to water deficit and 2665 genes (≥1.5 fold change) responded rapidly to ABA. We found 279 genes that overlapped between water deficit and ABA responses, 264 genes that showed the same trend in expression while 15 genes expression that showed opposite trend. Among the identified genes, 257 showed high induction by ABA (>5 fold), and 19 showed high induction by drought (>5 fold). In addition, we identified 100 transcription factor genes among the ABA-inducible genes but only 22 transcription factor genes among the water deficit-inducible genes. Conclusions: we identified genes differentially expressed in the early response to water deficit or ABA. These genes were annotated with GO functional categories for water deficit (33 categories) or ABA (31 categories). We found that only 19 genes were highly induced by water deficit, but 257 genes were highly induced by ABA. Our previous work has examined many of these genes and our future work will reveal their functions and relationships. These data will facilitate functional genomic studies and have established a biotechnological platform for examination of the early drought- and ABA-responsive transcriptome regulatory network in peanut.
2014-05-13 | GSE56439 | GEO
Project description:BackgroundPeanut (Arachis hypogaea) is an important crop, but droughts often affect peanut production. There is a lack of genomic information available for peanut; therefore, little is known about the molecular basis of its drought stress response.ResultsPreviously, we found that peanut stomata close rapidly during water deficit and in response to abscisic acid (ABA) treatment, and many genes show changes in their expression levels. To screen for candidate genes involved in the water deficit response, we used the Illumina HiSeq2000/MiSeq sequencing platform to conduct a global transcriptome analysis of peanut seedlings under water deficit with or without an ABA pretreatment. Three peanut tissues (leaves, roots, and stems) collected at each of three developmental stages (four-leaf, flowering, and podding stages) were used to construct sequence libraries. Then, 4.96 × 10⁷ raw sequence reads were generated and the high quality reads were assembled into 47,842 unigenes. We analyzed these sequence libraries to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) under water deficit with or without ABA pretreatment. In total, 621 genes were induced rapidly (≥1.5 fold change compared with control) under water deficit, 2,665 genes were induced rapidly under water deficit + ABA pretreatment, and 279 genes overlapped between water deficit and water deficit + ABA pretreatment. Of the 279 overlapping genes, 264 showed the same expression pattern and 15 showed opposite expression patterns. Among the DEGs, 257 were highly induced (>5 fold) by water deficit + ABA pretreatment, while 19 were highly induced (>5 fold) by water deficit alone. The genes induced under water deficit + ABA pretreatment included 100 putative transcription factor (TF) genes, while those induced under water deficit alone included only 22 putative TF genes. To validate the transcriptome results, we conducted quantitative PCR (qPCR) analyses to quantify the transcript levels of nine candidate genes.ConclusionsThe DEGs results show that many genes are rapidly induced in peanut in response to water deficit without or with ABA pretreatment. The results indicate that the main drought response mechanisms in peanut function through an ABA-dependent pathway. Our data provide a comprehensive sequence resource for molecular genetics research on peanut stress responses.
| S-EPMC4082179 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Purpose: to screen the candidate genes involved in the peanut drought stress response, we conducted global transcriptome analysis of peanut plants challenged with water deficit and ABA, using the Illumina HiSeq2000 sequencing platform. Methods: a sequences library of Yueyou7 were constructed at first. Then the profile of diffentialy expressed genes (DEGs) under three different treatments (control, water deficit without ABA, and water deficit with ABA) were conducted based on above sequence library. For sequencing library construction, plants were grown under normal conditions, as described previously , Seeds were planted in soil and kep in the greenhouse at temperature of 25-30M-bM-^DM-^C and water well. Three tissues (leaves, roots, and stems) were collected at three development stages (four-leaf, flowering and podding stages), respectively. Then all of these tissues were mixed to extract the total RNA for sequence library construction. For DEGs study, two-week-old plants were divided into three groups with three independent replication: (1). Water deficit without ABA groups. Plants directly steeped in water containing 30% PEG600 for 30 min in this groups. (2) Water deficit with ABA groups. Plant was subjected to 100 M-BM-5mol/L ABA for 30 min and then steeped in water containing 30% PEG6000 for 30 min in this groups, (3) Control. Plants steeped in H2O. All treatments were conducted in parallel. After treatments, Total RNA was extracted from 100 mg of plant material, and RNA integrity was checked by gel electrophoresis. Also RNA quality was checked and RNA was quantified using the Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer (Agilent technologies, Santa Clara, CA) and Nanodrop ND-1000 (Thermo Scientific, Waltham, USA). Results: we generated 4.96M-CM-^W107 raw sequence reads and assembled the high quality reads into 92,390 unique genes. Compared with the control, we found that 621 genes (M-bM-^IM-%1.5 fold change) responded rapidly to water deficit and 2665 genes (M-bM-^IM-%1.5 fold change) responded rapidly to ABA. We found 279 genes that overlapped between water deficit and ABA responses, 264 genes that showed the same trend in expression while 15 genes expression that showed opposite trend. Among the identified genes, 257 showed high induction by ABA (>5 fold), and 19 showed high induction by drought (>5 fold). In addition, we identified 100 transcription factor genes among the ABA-inducible genes but only 22 transcription factor genes among the water deficit-inducible genes. Conclusions: we identified genes differentially expressed in the early response to water deficit or ABA. These genes were annotated with GO functional categories for water deficit (33 categories) or ABA (31 categories). We found that only 19 genes were highly induced by water deficit, but 257 genes were highly induced by ABA. Our previous work has examined many of these genes and our future work will reveal their functions and relationships. These data will facilitate functional genomic studies and have established a biotechnological platform for examination of the early drought- and ABA-responsive transcriptome regulatory network in peanut. Two-week-old plants were divided into three groups with three independent replication: (1). Water deficit without ABA groups. Plants directly steeped in water containing 30% PEG600 for 30 min in this groups. (2) Water deficit with ABA groups. Plant was subjected to 100 M-BM-5mol/L ABA for 30 min and then steeped in water containing 30% PEG6000 for 30 min in this groups, (3) Control. Plants steeped in H2O. All treatments were conducted in parallel.
2014-05-13 | E-GEOD-56439 | biostudies-arrayexpress
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| S-EPMC8905601 | biostudies-literature
Project description:MOP1-dependent and ABA-responsive pathways act within complex, connected transcriptional regulatory networks to mediate tissue-specific growth and responses to abiotic stress in maize Purpose: To identify genome-wide ABA-induced, MOP1-dependent and independent transcriptional responses Methods: mRNA profiles of Mop1 wildtype and mop1-1 mutant V3 stage maize seedlings were subjected to ABA and MS treatments for 8 hours. The trimmed sequence reads were analyzed at the gene level using HISAT2, stringite, and edgeR. Results: we mapped ~23 million, 150 bp, paired-end sequence reads per sample to the B73 version 4 maize genome and identified 3,242 genes in four pairwise-comparisons to be differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with a fold change ≥2 and FDR <0.05, 1,561 DEGs were found to be unique to one genotype/treatment comparison. Conclusions: Our study represents the first analysis of ABA in maize seedlings in the RdDM (mop1-1) mutant, with biological replicates, and generated by RNA-seq technology. We identified common targets of MOP1 and ABA transcriptional regulation.
2020-03-22 | GSE132167 | GEO
Project description:Abscisic acid (ABA), an apocarotenoid synthesized from cleavage of carotenoids, regulates seed maturation and stress responses in plants. The viviparous seed mutants of maize identify genes involved in synthesis and perception of ABA. Two alleles of a new mutant, viviparous14 (vp14), were identified by transposon mutagenesis. Mutant embryos had normal sensitivity to ABA, and detached leaves of mutant seedlings showed markedly higher rates of water loss than those of wild type. The ABA content of developing mutant embryos was 70% lower than that of wild type, indicating a defect in ABA biosynthesis. vp14 embryos were not deficient in epoxy-carotenoids, and extracts of vp14 embryos efficiently converted the carotenoid cleavage product, xanthoxin, to ABA, suggesting a lesion in the cleavage reaction. vp14 was cloned by transposon tagging. The VP14 protein sequence is similar to bacterial lignostilbene dioxygenases (LSD). LSD catalyzes a double-bond cleavage reaction that is closely analogous to the carotenoid cleavage reaction of ABA biosynthesis. Southern blots indicated a family of four to six related genes in maize. The Vp14 mRNA is expressed in embryos and roots and is strongly induced in leaves by water stress. A family of Vp14-related genes evidently controls the first committed step of ABA biosynthesis. These genes are likely to play a key role in the developmental and environmental control of ABA synthesis in plants.
| S-EPMC23760 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Maize kernel weight is influenced by the unloading of nutrients from the maternal placenta and their passage through the transfer tissue of the basal endosperm transfer layer (BETL) and the basal intermediate zone (BIZ) to the upper part of the endosperm. Here, we show that Small kernel 10 (Smk10) encodes a choline transporter-like protein 1 (ZmCTLP1) that facilitates choline uptake and is located in the trans-Golgi network (TGN). Its loss of function results in reduced choline content, leading to smaller kernels with a lower starch content. Mutation of ZmCTLP1 disrupts membrane lipid homeostasis and the normal development of wall in-growths. Expression levels of Mn1 and ZmSWEET4c, two kernel filling-related genes, are downregulated in the smk10, which is likely to be one of the major causes of incompletely differentiated transfer cells. Mutation of ZmCTLP1 also reduces the number of plasmodesmata (PD) in transfer cells, indicating that the smk10 mutant is impaired in PD formation. Intriguingly, we also observed premature cell death in the BETL and BIZ of the smk10 mutant. Together, our results suggest that ZmCTLP1-mediated choline transport affects kernel development, highlighting its important role in lipid homeostasis, wall in-growth formation and PD development in transfer cells.
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